eradication for primary prevention of gastric cancer: progresses and challenges.

Gastric cancer remains a significant global health challenge, causing a substantial number of cancer-related deaths, particularly in China. While the exact causes of gastric cancer are still being investigated, () infection has been identified as the primary risk factor, which triggers chronic inflammation and a multistage progression of gastric lesions that may lead to carcinogenesis over a long latency time. Since the 1990s, numerous efforts have focused on assessing the effectiveness of eradication in preventing new cases of gastric cancer among both the general population and patients who have undergone early-stage cancer treatment.

Gastric cancer prevention by community eradication of Helicobacter pylori: a cluster-randomized controlled trial.

Gastric cancer is a leading cause of cancer-related deaths in China. Affecting more than 40% of the world's population, Helicobacter pylori is a major risk factor for gastric cancer. While previous clinical trials indicated that eradication of H.

Thermal modeling of electrically-pumped continuous-wave microring resonator-based topological insulator lasers.

Deleterious effects caused by Joule heating in electrically-pumped continuous-wave InP-based topological insulator lasers based on two-dimensional microring resonator arrays are estimated in this theoretical study. Steady-state temperature distributions within such an array are developed using a full numerical solution. Thermal interactions between active gain regions and ring resonators pose significant operational and integration challenges, as these devices are extremely sensitive to temperature-induced changes in a material's index of refraction.

Health economic evaluation on population-based eradication and endoscopic screening for gastric cancer prevention.

Gastric cancer is a global public health burden, nearly one million new cases are diagnosed per year worldwide, of which 44% of cases occur in China. The prognosis of gastric cancer varies remarkably by the stage of cancer, and most of the patients in China are diagnosed at advanced stages, resulting in poor prognoses. Effective strategies to reduce the burden of gastric cancer include primary prevention through testing and treatment of () and secondary prevention by screening and early detection.

A noninvasive multianalytical approach establishment for risk assessment and gastric cancer screening.

Effective screening and early detection are critical to improve the prognosis of gastric cancer (GC). Our study aims to explore noninvasive multianalytical biomarkers and construct integrative models for preliminary risk assessment and GC detection. Whole genomewide methylation marker discovery was conducted with CpG tandems target amplification (CTTA) in cfDNA from large asymptomatic screening participants in a high-risk area of GC.

A multiserological line assay to potentially discriminate current from past Helicobacter pylori infection.

Objectives: Early diagnosis is important in controlling Helicobacter pylori-induced gastritis and progression to gastric malignancy. Serological testing is an efficient non-invasive diagnostic method, but currently does not allow differentiation between active and past infections. To fill this diagnostic gap we investigated the diagnostic value of a panel of ten H.

Metabolite Alterations and Interactions with Microbiota in Helicobacter pylori-Associated Gastric Lesions.

Metabolites and their interactions with microbiota may be involved in Helicobacter pylori-associated gastric lesion development. This study aimed to explore metabolite alterations upon H. pylori eradication and possible roles of microbiota-metabolite interactions in progression of precancerous lesions.

Enhancement in electro-optic performance of InAlGaAs/GaAs quantum dot lasers by ex situ thermal annealing.

This Letter reports the growth, fabrication, and characterization of molecular beam epitaxy (MBE)-grown quaternary InAlGaAs/GaAs quantum dot (QD) lasers emitting at sub-900 nm. The presence of Al in QD-based active regions acts as the origin of defects and non-radiative recombination centers. Applying optimized thermal annealing annihilates the defects in p-i-n diodes, thus lowering the reverse leakage current by six orders of magnitude compared to as-grown devices.

Discrimination between Precancerous Gastric Lesions and Gastritis Using a Gastric Cancer Risk Stratification Model.

Background: Seropositivity to certain Helicobacter pylori proteins may affect development of gastric lesions that could become cancerous. Previously, we developed a model of gastric cancer risk including gender, age, HP0305 sero-positivity, HP1564 sero-positivity, UreA antibody titer and serologically defined chronic atrophic gastritis (termed: "Lasso model").

Methods: We evaluated the Lasso model's ability to discriminate individuals with precancerous gastric lesions (n=320) from individuals with superficial or mild atrophic gastritis (n=226) in Linqu County, China, a population at high risk for gastric cancer.

Allium vegetable intake associated with the risk of incident gastric cancer: a continuous follow-up study of a randomized intervention trial.

Background: Allium vegetable components have antibacterial, antioxidative, and immune modulation properties, thus potentially exhibiting antitumor effects. Despite evidence from case-control studies, prospective studies linking allium vegetables with gastric cancer (GC) have been sparse.

Objective: In a prospective study, we examined whether allium vegetable intake would change the risk of GC occurrence and whether the associations would be modified by vitamin supplementation, garlic supplementation, and Helicobacter pylori (H.

Effects of eradication on the profiles of blood metabolites and their associations with the progression of gastric lesions: a prospective follow-up study.

Objective:: This study aimed at examining the alterations in metabolomic profiles caused by treatment of infection, and the associations between key plasma metabolites and the risk of gastric lesion progression during follow-up after treatment.

Methods:: An intervention trial was performed in 183 participants, 117 of whom were positive participants receiving treatment for infection. positive participants were prospectively followed for 182 to 1,289 days.

Plasma lipids signify the progression of precancerous gastric lesions to gastric cancer: a prospective targeted lipidomics study.

Gastric cancer (GC) is preceded by a stepwise progression of precancerous gastric lesions. Distinguishing individuals with precancerous gastric lesions that have progression potential to GC is an important need. Perturbated lipid metabolism, particularly the dysregulation of lipogenesis, is involved in gastric carcinogenesis.

Sub-bandgap photoluminescence properties of multilayer h-BN-on-sapphire.

Two-dimensional hexagonal boron nitride (h-BN) materials have garnered increasing attention due to its ability of hosting intrinsic quantum point defects. This paper presents a photoluminescence (PL) mapping study related to sub-bandgap-level emission in bulk-like multilayer h-BN films. Spatial PL intensity distributions were carefully analyzed with 500 nm spatial resolution in terms of zero phonon line (ZPL) and phonon sideband (PSB) emission-peaks and their linewidths, thereby identifying the potential quantum point defects within the films.

associated aberrant methylation genes in blood leukocyte and gastric mucosa.

Methylation alterations may be involved in -associated gastric carcinogenesis. This study aims to explore the potential associated methylation biomarkers in blood leukocyte and gastric mucosa. Five candidate -associated aberrant methylation genes were selected from the previous genome-wide profiling panels and validated in blood leukocyte and gastric mucosa in multi-stages (case-control validation between positive and negative subjects and self-control validation before and after anti- treatment).

Beneficial effects of endoscopic screening on gastric cancer and optimal screening interval: a population-based study.

BACKGROUND : The effectiveness of endoscopic screening on gastric cancer has not been widely investigated in China and the screening interval of repeated screening has not been determined. METHODS : In a population-based prospective study, we included 375,800 individuals, 14,670 of whom underwent endoscopic screening (2012-2018). We assessed the associations between endoscopic screening and risk of incident gastric cancer and gastric cancer-specific mortality, and examined changes in overall survival and disease-specific survival following screening.

Proteomic profiling identifies signatures associated with progression of precancerous gastric lesions and risk of early gastric cancer.

Background: Molecular features underlining the multistage progression of gastric lesions and development of early gastric cancer (GC) are poorly understood, restricting the ability to GC prevention and management.

Methods: We portrayed proteomic landscape and explored proteomic signatures associated with progression of gastric lesions and risk of early GC. Tissue proteomic profiling was conducted for a total of 324 subjects.

Screening for gastric cancer in China: Advances, challenges and visions.

Gastric cancer (GC) is one of the major cancers in China and all over the world. Most GCs are diagnosed at an advanced stage with unfavorable prognosis. Along with some other countries, China has developed the government-funded national screening programs for GC and other major cancers.

Identification and Validation of Plasma Metabolomic Signatures in Precancerous Gastric Lesions That Progress to Cancer.

Importance: Metabolic deregulation plays an important role in gastric cancer (GC) development. To date, no studies have comprehensively explored the metabolomic profiles along the cascade of gastric lesions toward GC.

Objective: To draw a metabolic landscape and define metabolomic signatures associated with the progression of gastric lesions and risk of early GC.

DNA methylation signatures associated with prognosis of gastric cancer.

Background: Few studies have examined prognostic outcomes-associated molecular signatures other than overall survival (OS) for gastric cancer (GC). We aimed to identify DNA methylation biomarkers associated with multiple prognostic outcomes of GC in an epigenome-wide association study.

Methods: Based on the Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA), DNA methylation loci associated with OS (n = 381), disease-specific survival (DSS, n = 372), and progression-free interval (PFI, n = 383) were discovered in training set subjects (false discovery rates < 0.

Immunostimulatory membrane proteins potentiate -induced carcinogenesis by enabling CagA translocation.

Infection with is the single greatest risk factor for developing gastric adenocarcinoma. In prospective, population-based studies, seropositivity to the uncharacterized proteins Hp0305 and Hp1564 was significantly associated with cancer risk in East Asia. However, the mechanism underlying this observation has not been elucidated.

Suppression of Helicobacter pylori infection by daily cranberry intake: A double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled trial.

Background And Aim: Dietary strategies that contribute to reducing incidence of Helicobacter pylori infection without negative side effects are highly desirable owing to worldwide bacterial prevalence and carcinogenesis potential. The aim of this study was to determine dosage effect of daily cranberry consumption on H. pylori suppression over time in infected adults to assess the potential of this complementary management strategy in a region with high gastric cancer risk and high prevalence of H.