Modeling regional private income and its embedded carbon emissions: sources, flows and inequalities.

Composing regional total income jointly with government income, private income represents levels of development and affluence from the household perspective. Considering the need for fair carbon emission reduction responsibility distributions among regions with divergent income levels, private income-embedded emission (PIEE) and the inter-regional inequalities remain to be explored. Combining input-output analysis and the Gini coefficient, this study traces the sources and disposals of regional private income in China, as well as their embedded carbon emission flow, and quantifies the distribution and inequality of PIEE across industrial sectors and provincial regions.