Switchable long-distance propagation of chiral magnonic edge states.

The coherent spin waves, magnons, can propagate without accompanying charge transports and Joule heat dissipation. Room-temperature and long-distance spin waves propagating within nanoscale spin channels are considered promising for integrated magnonic applications, but experimentally challenging. Here we report that long-distance propagation of chiral magnonic edge states can be achieved at room temperature in manganite thin films with long, antiferromagnetically coupled spin spirals (millimetre length) and low magnetic Gilbert damping (~3.

A self-learning magnetic Hopfield neural network with intrinsic gradient descent adaption.

Physical neural networks (PNN) using physical materials and devices to mimic synapses and neurons offer an energy-efficient way to implement artificial neural networks. Yet, training PNN is difficult and heavily relies on external computing resources. An emerging concept to solve this issue is called physical self-learning that uses intrinsic physical parameters as trainable weights.

Realization of skyrmion shift register.

The big data explosion demands novel data storage technology. Among many different approaches, solitonic racetrack memory devices hold great promise for accommodating nonvolatile and low-power functionalities. As representative topological solitons, magnetic skyrmions are envisioned as potential information carriers for efficient information processing.

Distinguishing artificial spin ice states using magnetoresistance effect for neuromorphic computing.

Artificial spin ice (ASI) consisting patterned array of nano-magnets with frustrated dipolar interactions offers an excellent platform to study frustrated physics using direct imaging methods. Moreover, ASI often hosts a large number of nearly degenerated and non-volatile spin states that can be used for multi-bit data storage and neuromorphic computing. The realization of the device potential of ASI, however, critically relies on the capability of transport characterization of ASI, which has not been demonstrated so far.

Antiferromagnetic Inverse Spin Hall Effect.

The inverse spin Hall effect (ISHE) is one of the accessible and reliable methods to detect spin current. The magnetization-dependent inverse spin Hall effect has been observed in magnets, expanding the dimension for spin-to-charge conversion. However, antiferromagnetic Néel-vector-dependent ISHE, which has been long time highly pursued, is still elusive.

National Rare Diseases Registry System (NRDRS): China's first nation-wide rare diseases demographic analyses.

Background: China has made tremendous progresses in serving the needs of its people living with rare diseases in the past decade, especially over the last 5 years. The Chinese government's systematic approach included a series of coordinated initiatives, amongst these are: forming the Rare Disease Expert Committee (2016), funding the "Rare Diseases Cohort Study" (2016-2020), and publishing its first "Rare Disease Catalog" (2018). Herein, we present the National Rare Diseases Registry System (NRDRS)-China's first national rare diseases registry, and the analysis of cases registered in the first 5 years ending Dec 31, 2020.

Effect of tannin addition on chromatic characteristics, sensory qualities and antioxidant activities of red wines.

Tannin addition as an enological practice has been widely used in the winemaking process because of their ability of improving the aroma and sensory characteristics and stabilizing of color of red wine. In this study, hydrolysable, condensed tannins and their mixtures in different ratios were added into two Merlot wines to investigate their effect on the wine overall quality. The contents of 15 phenolic compounds were detected by HPLC-DAD, CIELAB color parameters were measured using a chromatic aberration meter, sensory evaluation was accomplished using the assessment standards established by the American Wine Association, and antioxidant activities were analyzed using DPPH and ABTS radical tests.

Prediction of Attractive Level Crossing via a Dissipative Mode.

The new field of spin cavitronics focuses on the interaction between the magnon excitation of a magnetic element and the electromagnetic wave in a microwave cavity. In the strong interaction regime, such an interaction usually gives rise to the level anticrossing for the magnonic and the electromagnetic mode. Recently, the attractive level crossing has been observed, and it is explained by a non-Hermitian model Hamiltonian.

A semisynthetic approach for the simultaneous reaction of grape seed polymeric procyanidins with catechin and epicatechin to obtain oligomeric procyanidins in large scale.

Polymeric procyanidins (PPCs) were the major constituents of procyanidins, while they have poor bioactivity. To better utilize PPCs, a semisynthetic approach for converting PPCs to oligomeric procyanidins (OPCs) was proposed. Grape seed PPCs were simultaneously reacted with catechin (C) and epicatechin (EC) under acid condition.

Unexpected Intermediate State Photoinduced in the Metal-Insulator Transition of Submicrometer Phase-Separated Manganites.

At ultrafast timescales, the initial and final states of a first-order metal-insulator transition often coexist forming clusters of the two phases. Here, we report an unexpected third long-lived intermediate state emerging at the photoinduced first-order metal-insulator transition of La_{0.325}Pr_{0.

Antiferromagnetic domain wall as spin wave polarizer and retarder.

As a collective quasiparticle excitation of the magnetic order in magnetic materials, spin wave, or magnon when quantized, can propagate in both conducting and insulating materials. Like the manipulation of its optical counterpart, the ability to manipulate spin wave polarization is not only important but also fundamental for magnonics. With only one type of magnetic lattice, ferromagnets can only accommodate the right-handed circularly polarized spin wave modes, which leaves no freedom for polarization manipulation.

Emerging single-phase state in small manganite nanodisks.

In complex oxides systems such as manganites, electronic phase separation (EPS), a consequence of strong electronic correlations, dictates the exotic electrical and magnetic properties of these materials. A fundamental yet unresolved issue is how EPS responds to spatial confinement; will EPS just scale with size of an object, or will the one of the phases be pinned? Understanding this behavior is critical for future oxides electronics and spintronics because scaling down of the system is unavoidable for these applications. In this work, we use La0.

Hydrothermal growth and optical properties of doughnut-shaped ZnO microparticles.

Doughnut-shaped ZnO microparticles have been grown through a hydrothermal reaction in citrate solution at 120 degrees C. FESEM reveals that these microparticles consist of regular arranged nanoplates, and there is a concave on the surface of each microparticle. The existence of citrate is vital to the formation of the complex microparticles.

Synthesis and growth mechanism of selenium nanowire bundles via a polymer-controlled chemical route.

This article describes a polymer-controlled chemical method for synthesis of trigonal selenium (t-Se) nanowire bundles in the presence of poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) at 100 degrees C. Electron microscope images show that Se nanowires have diameters of 30-50 nm and lengths of up to a few tens of micrometers. TEM images display the direct evidence for the growth process of single-crystalline Se nanowire bundles, which suggested that Se nanowire bundles were directly converted from the initial amorphous Se micro-particles in the presence of PVA.

Large-scale hydrothermal synthesis of SnS2 nanobelts.

SnS2 nanobelts were successfully synthesized through a controllable solution-phase hydrothermal method on a large scale. The nanobelts have a very high yield, which is more than 95%, with widths ranging from 100 to 200 nanometers, lengths up to several micrometers and thicknesses ca. 10 nanometers.

Ni11As8 single-crystalline nanosheets via hydrothermal redox route.

Ni11As8 crystallites 23-nm thick and 250-700-nm wide in lateral dimension were prepared in alkaline hydrothermal condition. Transmission electron microscope (TEM) images and selected area electron diffraction (SAED) analyses showed that the as-prepared Ni11As8 was single-crystalline nanosheets of [331] orientation. The Ni11As8 exhibited an optical absorption onset of 3.

Hydrothermal route to InAs semiconductor nanocrystals.

Spherical InAs nanocrystals of 30-50 nm were hydrothermally synthesized at 120 degrees C, which showed a 100 meV-blueshift of band gap absorption and phonon confinement of optical vibration mode. The study of hydrothermal formation mechanism indicated that crystalline InAs could be obtained in an extended pH range (approximately -0.15 to 14).

Large-scale synthesis of carbon nanotubes by an ethanol thermal reduction process.

The bamboo-shaped carbon nanotubes were synthesized on a large scale through an ethanol thermal reduction process, in which ethanol was used as the carbon source and magnesium was used as the reductant. The toxic or corrosive reagents have been completely avoided. Furthermore, Y-junction carbon nanotubes obtained from our experiment can be used as the building blocks of nanoelectronics.