CDC20-Mediated Selective Autophagy Degradation of PBRM1 Affects Immunotherapy for Renal Cell Carcinoma.

Polybromo 1 (PBRM1) inactivating mutations are associated with clinical benefit from immune checkpoint inhibitor treatments in clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC). However, whether targeting PBRM1 has the potential to enhance immunotherapy efficacy in patients with wild-type PBRM1 and the upstream pathways that regulate PBRM1 protein stability remain unclear. Here, it is demonstrated that PBRM1 knockdown induced M1 macrophage polarization and infiltration, which enhanced the efficacy of anti-PD-1 immunotherapy in RCC.

Liquiritigenin inhibits the migration, invasion, and EMT of prostate cancer through activating ER stress.

Liquiritigenin (LQ) is a monomeric compound found in licorice, a leguminous plant, and has been reported to exhibit antitumor effects in various lines of cancer cells. However, the underlying molecular mechanisms by which LQ exerts its antitumor effects remain largely unknown. In this study, the effects of LQ on the migration, invasion, and epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) of prostate cancer (PCa) cells were investigated.

The Tumor Suppressor TPD52-Governed Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress is Modulated by APC.

Aberrant regulation of unfolded protein response (UPR)/endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress pathway is associated with cancer development, metastasis, and relapse, and the UPR signal transducer ATF6 has been proposed as a diagnostic and prognostic marker for many cancers. However, a causal molecular link between ATF6 activation and carcinogenesis is not established. Here, it is found that tumor protein D52 (TPD52) integrates ER stress and UPR signaling with the chaperone machinery by promoting S2P-mediated cleavage of ATF6.

Targeting LYPLAL1-mediated cGAS depalmitoylation enhances the response to anti-tumor immunotherapy.

Cyclic GMP-AMP synthase (cGAS) binds pathogenic and other cytoplasmic double-stranded DNA (dsDNA) to catalyze the synthesis of cyclic GMP-AMP (cGAMP), which serves as the secondary messenger to activate the STING pathway and innate immune responses. Emerging evidence suggests that activation of the cGAS pathway is crucial for anti-tumor immunity; however, no effective intervention method targeting cGAS is currently available. Here we report that cGAS is palmitoylated by ZDHHC9 at cysteines 404/405, which promotes the dimerization and activation of cGAS.

β-asarone inhibits the migration, invasion, and EMT of bladder cancer through activating ER stress.

Background: β-asarone (β-as), a compound extracted from Acorus calamus, has been found to have anticancer effects on a variety of human cancers. However, the potential effect of β-as on bladder cancer (BCa) remains unknown.

Methods: After exposure to β-as, migration, invasion, and epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) of BCa were determined by wound healing, transwell, and Western blot assays.

β-Ionone represses renal cell carcinoma progression through activating LKB1/AMPK-triggered autophagy.

β-Ionone, the end ring analog of β-carotenoids, has been proven to have an antitumor effect in a variety of cancers. In this study, we investigated the impact of β-ionone on renal cell carcinoma (RCC) cell lines (786-O and ACHN) using colony formation assays, flow cytometry analysis, and western blot analysis. We found that β-ionone effectively inhibited the proliferation of RCC cells in vitro, which was also confirmed in a xenograft model.

β-ionone Inhibits Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition (EMT) in Prostate Cancer Cells by Negatively Regulating the Wnt/β-Catenin Pathway.

Background: β-ionone is a terminal cyclic analog of beta-carotenoids widely found in plants. In recent years, accumulating evidence has shown that β-ionone exerts antitumor effects on various malignant tumors. However, limited studies have revealed the role of β-ionone in regulating the epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) of prostate cancer (PCa) cells.

Silibinin inhibits the migration, invasion and epithelial-mesenchymal transition of prostate cancer by activating the autophagic degradation of YAP.

Silibinin (SB), a flavonoid extracted from milk thistle seeds, has been found to exert antitumor effects in numerous tumor types. Our previous study reported that SB had anti-metastatic effects in prostate cancer (PCa). However, the exact underlying molecular mechanisms remain to be determined.

Deubiquitinase OTUD5 modulates mTORC1 signaling to promote bladder cancer progression.

The mechanistic (formally "mammalian") target of rapamycin (mTOR) pathway serves as a crucial regulator of various biological processes such as cell growth and cancer progression. In bladder cancer, recent discoveries showing the cancer-promoting role of mTOR complex 1 have attracted wide attention. However, the regulation of mTOR signaling in bladder cancer is complicated and the underlying mechanism remains elusive.

Capsaicin inhibits the migration, invasion and EMT of renal cancer cells by inducing AMPK/mTOR-mediated autophagy.

Capsaicin (CAP), extracted from Capsicum fruits, has been reported to exhibit antitumor effects in various lines of cancer cells. However, the mechanism underlying its antitumor efficiency is not fully understood. Autophagy is a fundamental self-degradation process of cells that maintains homeostasis and plays a controversial role in tumor initiation and progression.

ERK1/2 inhibits Cullin 3/SPOP-mediated PrLZ ubiquitination and degradation to modulate prostate cancer progression.

The gene encoding the E3 ubiquitin ligase substrate-binding adaptor SPOP is frequently mutated in prostate cancer (PCa), but how SPOP functions as a tumor suppressor and contributes to PCa pathogenesis remains poorly understood. Prostate Leucine Zipper (PrLZ) serves as a prostate-specific and androgen-responsive gene, which plays a pivotal role in the malignant progression of PCa. However, the upstream regulatory mechanism of PrLZ protein stability and its physiological contribution to PCa carcinogenesis remain largely elusive.

Silibinin inhibits epithelial‑mesenchymal transition of renal cell carcinoma through autophagy‑dependent Wnt/β‑catenin signaling.

Silibinin is a flavonoid extracted from milk thistle seeds which has been widely used as a hepatoprotective and antioxidant agent. Recently, accumulating evidence has demonstrated the anti‑cancer effects of silibinin in various cancer models. It was previously reported that silibinin induced apoptosis and decreased metastasis by activating autophagy in renal cell carcinoma (RCC).

Chaperone-mediated autophagy in cancer: Advances from bench to bedside.

Chaperone-mediated autophagy (CMA), a selective form of autophagy, where cellular proteins with KFERQ-like motif are targeted to the lysosome for degradation, is necessary to maintain cellular homeostasis. The role of CMA in neurodegenerative diseases has been extensively studied in the past decades, with defects in the pathway being strongly associated with disease. Recently, accumulating evidence has demonstrated a consistent increase in basal CMA activity in a wide array of cancer cell lines and human tumor biopsies, suggesting a potential link between CMA and cancer.

Biocompatible carbon-doped MoSe nanoparticles as a highly efficient targeted agent for human renal cell carcinoma.

MoSe is a typical transition-metal dichalcogenide material, and many researches have been focused on using its property of near infrared strong absorption for laser mediated photothermal cancer treatment. However, the anti-canter effect of MoSe and its possible mechanism in renal cell carcinoma (RCC) is still unclear. RCC has high incidence of metastasis, which is known as one of the most lethal malignancies in the urological system.

cDNA library construction of two human Demodexspecies.

The research of Demodex, a type of pathogen causing various dermatoses in animals and human beings, is lacking at RNA level. This study aims at extracting RNA and constructing cDNA library for Demodex. First, P.