Postoperative adjuvant immunotherapy for high-risk hepatocellular carcinoma patients.

Background And Aim: Standardized approach to postoperative adjuvant therapy for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) remains elusive. This study endeavors to examine the effects of postoperative PD-1 adjuvant therapy on the short-term and long-term prognosis of patients at a heightened risk of post-surgical recurrence.

Methods: The data of HCC patients who underwent hepatectomy at our center from June 2018 to March 2023 were collected from the hospital database.

Optimized performance of 905 nm semiconductor lasers by using the high strain quantum well.

We propose and experimentally demonstrate that the lasing power and characteristic temperature (T) of 905 nm semiconductor lasers can be optimized by use of the high strain quantum well (HSQW). To fix the lasing wavelength around 905 nm, HSQW with a higher ndium (In) content of the InGaAs gain material than that of the commonly used low strain quantum well (LSQW) requires a thickness-reduced quantum well. Thus, the HSQW has the following two advantages: stronger quantum size effects caused by the deep and thin quantum well, and higher compressive strain caused by a high In content of the InGaAs gain material.

CK5/6-positive, P63-positive lymphoepithelioma-like hepatocellular carcinoma: A case report and literature review.

Background: Lymphoepithelioma-like carcinoma (LELC), a rare and unique variant of liver cancer, can be divided into lymphoepithelioma-like hepatocellular carcinoma and lymphoepithelioma-like intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma. Dense lymphocytic infiltration is its characteristic pathological feature. In recent years, the number of reported cases of this type has increased each year.

mA mRNA modification potentiates Th17 functions to inflame autoimmunity.

N-methyladenosine (mA), the most common and abundant epigenetic RNA modification, governs mRNA metabolism to determine cell differentiation, proliferation and response to stimulation. mA methyltransferase METTL3 has been reported to control T cell homeostasis and sustain the suppressive function of regulatory T cells (Tregs). However, the role of mA methyltransferase in other subtypes of T cells remains unknown.

High-efficiency spectral beam combining of an individual laser diode bar with polarization multiplexing.

In this Letter, a new strategy for the spectral beam combining (SBC) of an individual laser diode (LD) bar based on a polarization multiplexing external cavity is proposed and demonstrated. The maximum combining efficiency is up to 95.51%, which leads to an output power of 76.

Vitamin B5 rewires Th17 cell metabolism via impeding PKM2 nuclear translocation.

Metabolic rewiring is essential for Th17 cells' functional identity to sense and interpret environmental cues. However, the environmental metabolic checkpoints with specific regulation of Th17 cells, manifesting potential therapeutic opportunities to autoimmune diseases, remain largely unknown. Here, by screening more than one hundred compounds derived from intestinal microbes or diet, we found that vitamin B5 (VB5) restrains Th17 cell differentiation as well as related autoimmune diseases such as experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis and colitis.

High-brightness and high-efficiency diode laser module based on double wavelength division multiplexing external cavities.

In this Letter, a new, to the best of our knowledge, external cavity structure based on double wavelength division multiplexing external cavities is proposed and demonstrated. The electro-optical conversion efficiency is improved and the brightness of the spectral beam combining diode lasers is enhanced. One wavelength division multiplexing external cavity is placed on the rear-side of the laser emitters to provide the strong optical feedback for wavelength locking and the other wavelength division multiplexing external cavity is placed on the front-side of laser emitters to combine three emitter beams to one beam.

Circulating Tumor Cells as an Indicator of Treatment Options for Hepatocellular Carcinoma Less Than or Equal to 3 cm in Size: A Multi-Center, Retrospective Study.

Background: The status of circulating tumor cells (CTCs) is related to the recurrence of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), which is also one of the reasons for the poor prognosis of HCC. The purpose of this study was to explore whether CTCs can help guide the choice of treatment methods for HCC.

Methods: This study is a multicenter retrospective study, including 602 patients with HCC.

Guiding Value of Circulating Tumor Cells for Preoperative Transcatheter Arterial Embolization in Solitary Large Hepatocellular Carcinoma: A Single-Center Retrospective Clinical Study.

Background: Large hepatocellular carcinoma (LHCC) is highly malignant and prone to recurrence, leading to a poor long-term prognosis for patients. There is an urgent need for measures to intervene in postoperative recurrence. Preoperative Transcatheter Arterial Embolization (TACE) is an effective treatment.

High-power tunable dual-wavelength diode laser with a composite external cavity.

A high-power tunable dual-wavelength composite external cavity architecture obtained by means of a holographic grating and a volume Bragg grating is proposed and demonstrated. The tunable frequency difference of the dual-wavelength output is from 0.41 THz to 3.

Recurrence and Prognostic Value of Circulating Tumor Cells in Resectable Pancreatic Head Cancer: A Single Center Retrospective Study.

Background And Aim: To investigate the effect of preoperative circulation tumor cells (CTCs) on postoperative recurrence and overall survival prognosis of pancreatic head cancer after pancreaticoduodenectomy (PD).

Methods: From March 2014 to January 2018, 73 patients with pancreatic head cancer underwent radical resection (R0) in Zhongshan People's Hospital. CTCs in peripheral blood of patients with pancreatic head cancer were detected by "Cyttel" method before PD.

Interleukin-1 and Interleukin-6 Polymorphisms Might Influence Predisposition to Hemorrhagic Cerebral Vascular Diseases: A Meta-Analysis.

Background: Interleukin-1 (IL-1) and IL-6 polymorphisms might influence predisposition to hemorrhagic cerebral vascular diseases, but the results of already published studies regarding relationship between IL-1/IL-6 polymorphisms and hemorrhagic cerebral vascular diseases were still controversial and ambiguous.

Objectives: The authors designed this meta-analysis to more precisely estimate the relationship between IL-1/IL-6 polymorphisms and hemorrhagic cerebral vascular diseases by pooling the results of already published related studies.

Methods: The authors searched PubMed, EMBASE, Web of Science, and CNKI for already published studies.

A Single-Center Observational Clinical Study on Factors Associated with Regional Cerebral Oxygen Saturation in Full-Term Newborn Infants During Birth Transition.

BACKGROUND Hypoxic hypoperfusion injury in the brain is a cause of potential injury and even death in the growth period of newborns. Therefore, monitoring regional cerebral oxygen saturation (CrSO₂) during this period is particularly important. This observational clinical study from a single center aimed to investigate the factors associated with CrSO₂ in full-term newborn infants during birth transition.

Gut metabolites: make orphans adopted.

A commentary on "A forward chemical genetic screen reveals gut microbiota metabolites that modulate host physiology".

Suppression of Glutamate Carboxypeptidase II Ameliorates Neuronal Apoptosis from Ischemic Brain Injury.

Background: Ischemia stroke is a destructive cerebrovascular disease and a major cause of death and lifelong neurological disability. N-Acetyl-l-aspartyl-l-glutamate (NAAG) is a neurotransmitter in the mammalian brain and involves a variety of physiological and pathological functions including ischemia brain injury. Full understanding of the functions of NAAG peptidase (GCPII) in the pathogenesis of ischemia brain injury is extremely valuable for effective therapies to ischemia stroke.

Neuroprotective effects of ischemic preconditioning and postconditioning on global brain ischemia in rats through the same effect on inhibition of apoptosis.

Transient forebrain or global ischemia induces neuronal death in vulnerable CA1 pyramidal cells with many features. A brief period of ischemia, i.e.

The effect of ischemic post-conditioning on hippocampal cell apoptosis following global brain ischemia in rats.

We evaluated the effect of brain ischemic post-conditioning on cell apoptosis in the hippocampus following global brain ischemia in rats. Adult male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into three groups (n=15/group): sham operation, ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) and ischemic post-conditioning (I PostC). Global brain ischemia was induced by four-vessel occlusion.

Dynamic expression of cerebral cortex and hippocampal glutamate transporters in a rat model of chest compression-induced global cerebral ischemia.

The present study established a rat model of global cerebral ischemia induced by chest compression for six minutes to dynamically observe expressional changes of three glutamate transporters in the cerebral cortex and hippocampus. After 24 hours of ischemia, expression of glutamate transporter-1 significantly decreased in the cerebral cortex and hippocampus, which was accompanied by neuronal necrosis. At 7 days post-ischemia, expression of excitatory amino acid carrier 1 decreased in the hippocampal CA1 region and cortex, and was accompanied by apoptosis.

Neuroprotective effects of ischemic postconditioning on global brain ischemia in rats through upregulation of hippocampal glutamine synthetase.

Brain ischemic postconditioning is the induction of brief periods of ischemia-reperfusion during the early stages following ischemia, and it has been shown to produce neuroprotective effects. The mechanisms underlying these neuroprotective effects are poorly understood. Glutamate excitotoxicity is one cause of postischemic neuronal death.

Neuroprotective effect of sophocarpine against transient focal cerebral ischemia via down-regulation of the acid-sensing ion channel 1 in rats.

Sophocarpine, one of the major alkaloid compounds isolated from Sophora pachycarpa, is highly valued and important in traditional Chinese medicine. In the present study, we aimed to explore the possible mechanisms underlying sophocarpine-mediated neuroprotection against transient focal cerebral ischemia. Sophocarpine (5, 10, or 20mg/kg) was given 30min before focal ischemia was induced in rats by occlusion of the middle cerebral artery.

Involvement of Glutamate transporter-1 in neuroprotection against global brain ischemia-reperfusion injury induced by postconditioning in rats.

Ischemic postconditioning refers to several transient reperfusion and ischemia cycles after an ischemic event and before a long duration of reperfusion. The procedure produces neuroprotective effects. The mechanisms underlying these neuroprotective effects are poorly understood.

Neuroprotective effects of ischemic preconditioning on global brain ischemia through up-regulation of acid-sensing ion channel 2a.

Transient forebrain or global ischemia induces cell death in vulnerable CA1 pyramidal neurons. A brief period of ischemia, i.e.

Our experience of transsylvian-transinsular microsurgical approach to hypertensive putaminal hematomas.

Background: There are different reports about operative methods for the treatment of hypertensive intracerebral hematomas. Our experience of transsylvian-transinsular microsurgical approach to hypertensive putaminal hematomas was analyzed.

Methods: A retrospective analysis was performed on 28 consecutive patients with hypertensive intracerebral hematomas who underwent surgical treatment at the Department of Neurosurgery, Renji Hospital, from January 2004 to December 2007.

Extracranial microanatomic study of supraorbital keyhole approach.

Objective: The extracranial microanatomic features and tissue protection for supraorbital keyhole approach are described in detail to achieve less invasiveness, which has scant reports and is important for craniofacial surgeons.

Methods: Ten formalin-fixed human cadaveric heads were used in 20 sides, by means of an operating microscopic, with microinstruments and magnification ranging from 3x to 16x. The relationship between concerned nerves, muscles, and bone window was identified and measured.

Transsphenoidal optic nerve decompression: an endoscopic anatomic study.

The objective was to study the relationships among the optic nerve, posterior paranasal sinuses, and ophthalmic artery. The identification of reliable anatomic landmarks would provide an endoscopic anatomic basis for optic nerve localization and effective prevention of ophthalmic artery injury during transsphenoidal optic nerve decompression surgery. The Messerklinger technique was performed to open the posterior ethmoid sinus and sphenoid sinus in 8 adult-head specimens.