Peripheral immunity is associated with cognitive impairment after acute minor ischemic stroke and transient ischemic attack.

Immunoinflammation is associated with the development of post-stroke cognitive impairment (PSCI), however, peripheral immunity has not been fully explored. We aimed to investigate the association between PSCI and peripheral immune indicators, including neutrophil, lymphocyte, and mononuclear percentages and counts; the systemic immune inflammation index; platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio; neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR); and lymphocyte-to-monocyte ratio. A total of 224 patients with acute minor ischemic stroke or transient ischemic attack with 6-12 months of follow-up were included.

Undetected Association Between Fatty Acids and Dementia with Lewy Bodies: A Bidirectional Two-Sample Mendelian Randomization Study.

Background: Although observational studies indicated connections between fatty acids (FAs) and Alzheimer's disease and dementia, uncertainty persists regarding how these relationships extend to dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB).

Objective: To explore the potential causal relationships between FAs and the development of DLB, thus clarifying these associations using genetic instruments to infer causality.

Methods: We applied a two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) and multivariable Mendelian randomization (MVMR) approach.

Obesity-induced chronic low-grade inflammation in adipose tissue: A pathway to Alzheimer's disease.

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a leading cause of cognitive impairment worldwide. Overweight and obesity are strongly associated with comorbidities, such as hypertension, diabetes, and insulin resistance (IR), which contribute substantially to the development of AD and subsequent morbidity and mortality. Adipose tissue (AT) is a highly dynamic organ composed of a diverse array of cell types, which can be classified based on their anatomic localization or cellular composition.

Relationship between thrombus vWF and NETs with clinical severity and peripheral blood immunocytes' indicators in patients with acute ischemic stroke.

Objective: To investigate the association between von Willebrand factor (vWF) and neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) in thrombus with clinical severity and peripheral blood immunocytes' indicators in patients with early-stage acute ischemic stroke (AIS).

Methods: A retrospective study was conducted using the clinical data of 66 patients with AIS who underwent endovascular mechanical thrombectomy and had their thrombus samples collected. The concentrations of vWF and NETs in the thrombus samples were quantitatively assessed.

Biomarker profiling to determine clinical impact of microRNAs in cognitive disorders.

Alzheimer's disease (AD) and post-stroke cognitive impairment (PSCI) are the leading causes of progressive dementia related to neurodegenerative and cerebrovascular injuries in elderly populations. Despite decades of research, patients with these conditions still lack minimally invasive, low-cost, and effective diagnostic and treatment methods. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) play a vital role in AD and PSCI pathology.

Indoor Photovoltaic Fiber with an Efficiency of 25.53% under 1500 Lux Illumination.

Photovoltaic devices represent an efficient electricity generation mode. Integrating them into textiles offers exciting opportunities for smart electronic textiles-with the ultimate goal of supplying power for wearable technology-which is poised to change how electronic devices are designed. Many human activities occur indoors, so realizing indoor photovoltaic fibers (IPVFs) that can be woven into textiles to power wearables is critical, although currently unavailable.

Economic Policy Uncertainty: Cross-Country Linkages and Spillover Effects on Economic Development in Some Belt and Road Countries.

With the increase of economic environment uncertainty, it is of great importance to study the linkage and spillover effects of economic policy uncertainty among countries. Especially, this article selects eight countries along the Belt and Road as the core countries (China, Korea, Croatia, India, Russia, Greece, Pakistan, and Singapore) and four countries (Germany, France, Japan, and UK) as the peripheral countries, and then copula technique and mixed-frequency global vector autoregressive model are employed to analyze the correlation and the spillover effect of the economic policy uncertainty (EPU) for the twelve selected countries, respectively. The proposed empirical findings show clearly that the EPU correlation among the eight core Belt and Road countries is stronger and the spillover effect of the core countries to the peripheral countries is statistically significant.

Injectable Polyzwitterionic Lubricant for Complete Prevention of Cardiac Adhesion.

After cardiac surgery, tissue damage to the heart may cause adhesion between heart and its surrounding tissues. Post-operative cardiac adhesion may lead to limited normal cardiac function, decreased quality of cardiac surgery, and increased risk of major bleeding during reoperation. Therefore, it is necessary to develop an effective anti-adhesion therapy to overcome cardiac adhesion.

Urinary dysfunction in patients with vascular cognitive impairment.

Vascular cognitive impairment (VCI) is caused by vascular pathologies, with the spectrum of cognitive disorders ranging from subjective cognitive dysfunction to dementia. Particularly among older adults, cognitive impairment is often complicated with urinary dysfunction (UD); some patients may present with UD before cognitive impairment owing to stroke or even when there are white matter hyperintensities on imaging studies. Patients with cognitive impairment often have both language and movement dysfunction, and thus, UD in patients with VCI can often be underdiagnosed and remain untreated.

Hashimoto's encephalopathy with cerebellar ataxia as the main symptom: A case report and literature review.

Hashimoto's encephalopathy (HE), also known as steroid responsive encephalopathy associated with autoimmune thyroiditis (SREAT), has a variety of clinical manifestations, with various neuropsychiatric characteristics, including tremors, transient aphasia, seizures, altered consciousness, myoclonus, cognitive impairment, and psychiatric manifestations. The hallmark presenting feature is a non-specific encephalopathy characterized by alteration of mental status and consciousness ranging from confusion to coma and impaired cognitive function, while those with cerebellar ataxia as the main manifestation is rare. We reported a case of Hashimoto's encephalopathy with cerebellar ataxia as the main manifestation, elevated anti-thyroid antibodies (anti-TPO/TG), and normal thyroid function.

High neutrophil percentage and neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio in acute phase of ischemic stroke predict cognitive impairment: A single-center retrospective study in China.

Background And Aims: Recently, various hemocyte and blood cell ratios have garnered researchers' attention, as a low-cost, widely prevalent, and easy-to-measure index for diagnosing and predicting disease. Therefore, we sought to investigate the effect and predictive value of the peripheral blood neutrophil percentage and neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) in the acute phase of ischemic stroke (AIS) in post-stroke cognitive impairment (PSCI).

Methods: We selected 454 patients with mild AIS and acquired general clinical data.

In-situ growth of robust superlubricated nano-skin on electrospun nanofibers for post-operative adhesion prevention.

It is a great challenge to achieve robustly bonded, fully covered, and nanoscaled coating on the surface of electrospun nanofibers. Herein, we develop a controllable, facile, and versatile strategy to in-situ grow superlubricated nano-skin (SLNS) on the single electrospun nanofiber. Specifically, zwitterionic polymer chains are generated from the nanofiber subsurface in an inside-out way, which consequently form a robust network interpenetrating with the polymeric chains of the nanofiber matrix.

MicroRNA-Based Diagnosis and Therapeutics for Vascular Cognitive Impairment and Dementia.

Vascular cognitive impairment and dementia (VCID) is a neurodegenerative disease that is recognized as the second leading cause of dementia after Alzheimer's disease (AD). The underlying pathological mechanism of VCID include crebromicrovascular dysfunction, blood-brain barrier (BBB) disruption, neuroinflammation, capillary rarefaction, and microhemorrhages, etc. Despite the high incidence of VCID, no effective therapies are currently available for preventing or delaying its progression.

Boosting Cycling Stability and Rate Capability of Li-CO Batteries via Synergistic Photoelectric Effect and Plasmonic Interaction.

Sluggish CO reduction/evolution kinetics at cathodes seriously impede the realistic applications of Li-CO batteries. Herein, synergistic photoelectric effect and plasmonic interaction are introduced to accelerate CO reduction/evolution reactions by designing a silver nanoparticle-decorated titanium dioxide nanotube array cathode. The incident light excites energetic photoelectrons/holes in titanium dioxide to overcome reaction barriers, and induces the intensified electric field around silver nanoparticles to enable effective separation/transfer of photogenerated carriers and a thermodynamically favorable reaction pathway.

Unraveling of Advances in 3D-Printed Polymer-Based Bone Scaffolds.

The repair of large-area irregular bone defects is one of the complex problems in orthopedic clinical treatment. The bone repair scaffolds currently studied include electrospun membrane, hydrogel, bone cement, 3D printed bone tissue scaffolds, etc., among which 3D printed polymer-based scaffolds Bone scaffolds are the most promising for clinical applications.

Toll-like receptor-mediated innate immunity against herpesviridae infection: a current perspective on viral infection signaling pathways.

Background: In the past decades, researchers have demonstrated the critical role of Toll-like receptors (TLRs) in the innate immune system. They recognize viral components and trigger immune signal cascades to subsequently promote the activation of the immune system.

Main Body: Herpesviridae family members trigger TLRs to elicit cytokines in the process of infection to activate antiviral innate immune responses in host cells.

The Immune Escape Mechanisms of .

Epidemiological data from the Center of Disease Control (CDC) and the World Health Organization (WHO) statistics in 2017 show that 10.0 million people around the world became sick with tuberculosis. (MTB) is an intracellular parasite that mainly attacks macrophages and inhibits their apoptosis.