A coordinated control framework of freeway continuous merging areas considering traffic risks and energy consumption.

Freeway continuous merging areas in a short distance exist continuous multiple ramps. In these areas, traffic flow and vehicle interactions are more complex, and traffic crashes and congestion are more frequent, which has been a major concern influencing traffic operation of freeways. Active traffic management (ATM) measures can improve traffic efficiency and reduce traffic risks in merging areas.

Correlation analysis of transcriptome and metabolomics and functional study of Galactinol synthase gene (VcGolS3) of blueberry under salt stress.

Soil salinity poses a significant environmental challenge for the growth and development of blueberries. However, the specific mechanisms by which blueberries respond to salt stress are still not fully understood. Here, we employed a comprehensive approach integrating physiological, metabolomic, and transcriptomic analyses to identify key metabolic pathways in blueberries under salt stress.

Diagnosis of primary meningeal natural killer/T‑cell lymphoma of the central nervous system using cerebrospinal fluid cytology: A case report.

Primary central nervous system (CNS) lymphoma of the meninges is a rare tumor that originates in the meninges and does not show parenchymal or systemic spread. CNS involvement by natural killer (NK)/T-cell lymphoma accounts for only 2% of all extranodal NK/T-cell lymphomas, and primary NK/T-cell lymphoma of the meninges is even rarer. The present study reports a case of a 55-year-old male patient with primary NK/T-cell lymphoma.

Sintering Ag Nanoclusters on TiO Nanoparticles as an Efficient Catalyst for Nitroarene Reduction.

Polydispersed Ag species-modified TiO samples with abundant oxygen vacancies were successfully prepared through the calcination of atomically precise Ag nanocluster-loaded TiO at an optimal temperature under a nitrogen atmosphere. The ligands of the Ag nanoclusters are removed by extracting lattice oxygen from TiO during the calcination, leading to the formation of CO, SO, and HO vapor. This process simultaneously induces Ag species sintering on the surface of TiO.

Open challenges and opportunities in federated foundation models towards biomedical healthcare.

This survey explores the transformative impact of foundation models (FMs) in artificial intelligence, focusing on their integration with federated learning (FL) in biomedical research. Foundation models such as ChatGPT, LLaMa, and CLIP, which are trained on vast datasets through methods including unsupervised pretraining, self-supervised learning, instructed fine-tuning, and reinforcement learning from human feedback, represent significant advancements in machine learning. These models, with their ability to generate coherent text and realistic images, are crucial for biomedical applications that require processing diverse data forms such as clinical reports, diagnostic images, and multimodal patient interactions.

Colloidal Nanoparticles Hold Elementary Charge in Nonpolar Solvent.

The net charge of individual nanoparticles in nonpolar solvents plays a critical role in their intrinsic properties like charge carrier lifetime, electron transport, and interparticle interactions. However, there is a long-standing belief that the oil-dispersed nanoparticles inherently possess no net charge. This work presents an approach for directly quantifying the net charge of individual nanoparticles.

Femtomolar hydrogen sulfide detection via hybrid small-molecule nano-arrays.

Early disease diagnosis hinges on the sensitive detection of signaling molecules. Among these, hydrogen sulfide (HS) has emerged as a critical player in cardiovascular and nervous system signaling. On-chip immunoassays, particularly nanoarray-based interfacial detection, offer promising avenues for ultra-sensitive analysis due to their confined reaction volumes and precise signal localization.

A new aguanidine-based bis Schiff base for highly selective Al recognition, BSA binding studies and theoretical calculations.

Herin, the successful synthesis of a bis Schiff base (L) has been achieved using 2-hydroxy-1-naphthaldehyde and 1,3-diaminoguanidine as raw materials, which was further characterized by infrared spectroscopy, mass spectrometry, and nuclear magnetic resonance hydrogen spectrum. Moreover, spectroscopic experiments demonstrated that the probe L showed good selectivity and visual detectability for Al. Its detection limit (DL) is 2.

HMOX1-LDHB interaction promotes ferroptosis by inducing mitochondrial dysfunction in foamy macrophages during advanced atherosclerosis.

Advanced atherosclerosis is the pathological basis for acute cardiovascular events, with significant residual risk of recurrent clinical events despite contemporary treatment. The death of foamy macrophages is a main contributor to plaque progression, but the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. Bulk and single-cell RNA sequencing demonstrated that massive iron accumulation in advanced atherosclerosis promoted foamy macrophage ferroptosis, particularly in low expression of triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells 2 (TREM2) foamy macrophages.

Identification and validation of susceptibility modules and hub genes in polyarticular juvenile idiopathic arthritis using WGCNA and machine learning.

Background: Juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA), superseding juvenile rheumatoid arthritis (JRA), is a chronic autoimmune disease affecting children and characterized by various types of childhood arthritis. JIA manifests clinically with joint inflammation, swelling, pain, and limited mobility, potentially leading to long-term joint damage if untreated. This study aimed to identify genes associated with the progression and prognosis of JIA polyarticular to enhance clinical diagnosis and treatment.

Cat scratch disease in children with nocturnal fever: A case report.

Background: Cat scratch disease (CSD) is the most common human infection caused by (). The main manifestation is self-limited lymphadenopathy that primarily affects adolescents, and typically resolves without treatment within 2-4 months. However, individuals with compromised immune systems or immunodeficiency require specific antibacterial therapy following diagnosis.

Non-lethal sonodynamic therapy inhibits high glucose and palmitate-induced macrophage inflammasome activation through mtROS-DRP1-mitophagy pathway.

Obesity plays a crucial role in the development and progression of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) by causing excessive release of free fatty acid from adipose tissue, which in turn leads to systemic infiltration of macrophages. In individuals with T2DM, the infiltration of macrophages into pancreatic islets results in islet inflammation that impairs beta cell function, as evidenced by increased apoptosis and decreased glucose-stimulated insulin secretion. The present study aimed to investigate the effects of non-lethal sonodynamic therapy (NL-SDT) on bone marrow-derived macrophages (BMDMs) exposed to high glucose and palmitic acid (HG/PA).

Dental pulp stem cells promote genioglossus repair and systemic amelioration in chronic intermittent hypoxia.

Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) leads to chronic intermittent hypoxia (CIH) and is not well addressed by current therapies. The genioglossus (GG) is the largest upper airway dilator controlling OSA pathology, making its repair a potential treatment. This study investigates dental pulp stem cells (DPSCs) in repairing GG injury in a CIH mouse model.

Automatic segmentation and visualization of cortical and marrow bone in mandibular condyle on CBCT: a preliminary exploration of clinical application.

Objectives: To develop a deep learning-based automatic segmentation method for cortex and marrow in mandibular condyle on cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) images and explore its clinical application.

Methods: 825 condyles of 490 CBCT images from 3 centers of Stomatology hospital affliated to Zhejiang University School of Medicine were collected. A deep learning model was developed for simultaneous segmentation of cortex and marrow in mandibular condyle.

Impaired Iron-Sulfur Cluster Synthesis Induces Mitochondrial PARthanatos in Diabetic Cardiomyopathy.

Diabetic cardiomyopathy (DCM), a severe complication of diabetes, is characterized by mitochondrial dysfunction, oxidative stress, and DNA damage. Despite its severity, the intrinsic factors governing cardiomyocyte damage in DCM remain unclear. It is hypothesized that impaired iron-sulfur (Fe-S) cluster synthesis plays a crucial role in the pathogenesis of DCM.

Panorama of artery endothelial cell dysfunction in pulmonary arterial hypertension.

Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) is a fatal lung disease characterized by progressive pulmonary vascular remodeling. The initial cause of pulmonary vascular remodeling is the dysfunction of pulmonary arterial endothelial cells (PAECs), manifested by changes in the categorization of cell subtypes, endothelial programmed cell death, such as apoptosis, necroptosis, pyroptosis, ferroptosis, et al., overproliferation, senescence, metabolic reprogramming, endothelial-to-mesenchymal transition, mechanosensitivity, and regulation ability of peripheral cells.

Rational design and discovery of novel hydrazide derivatives as potent succinate dehydrogenase inhibitors inspired by natural d/l-camphor.

Background: Succinate dehydrogenase inhibitors (SDHIs) have rapidly become one of the fastest-growing categories of fungicides used against plant pathogenic fungi. Recent research advancements have emphasized that structural modifications of SDHIs using naturally sourced scaffolds represent an innovative strategy for developing new, highly effective, broad-spectrum fungicides. A novel series of d/l-camphorhydrazide derivatives potentially targeting fungal succinate dehydrogenase (SDH) were designed, synthesized and evaluated for their antifungal effects against Rhizoctonia solani, Fusarium graminearum, Valsa mali and Botrytis cinerea.