Establishment of a Reverse Genetics System for Rotavirus Vaccine Strain LLR and Developing Vaccine Candidates Carrying VP7 Gene Cloned From Human Strains Circulating in China.

Human rotavirus A (RVA) causes acute gastroenteritis in infants and young children. The LLR RVA vaccine, which licensed in 2000 and widely used in China, significantly reduced rotavirus disease burden in China. With the changing of RV circulating strains and the emergence of new genotypes, the LLR vaccine against RVGE needed to be upgraded.

Nonocclusive mesenteric ischemia after percutaneous kyphoplasty: A case report.

Rationale: Percutaneous kyphoplasty (PKP) is a minimally invasive technique employed for treating vertebral compression fractures. Although PKP is simple and relatively safe, severe complications are possible. Here, we report a new, severe complication linked to this procedure, namely nonocclusive mesenteric ischemia (NOMI).

Blood clot and fibrin recognition method for serum images based on deep learning.

Background: Detecting and identifying of clots and fibrins in serum is an important process in the analysis stage before laboratory analysis. Currently, visual examination is commonly employed in clinical laboratories for this purpose. However, this method is not only time-consuming but also highly subjective and may result in misjudgments.

Dual Regression-Enhanced Gaze Target Detection in the Wild.

Gaze is a vital feature in analyzing natural human behavior and social interaction. Existing gaze target detection studies learn gaze from gaze orientations and scene cues via a neural network to model gaze in unconstrained scenes. Though achieve decent accuracy, these studies either employ complex model architectures or leverage additional depth information, which limits the model application.

Role of myeloid-derived suppressor cells in the formation of pre-metastatic niche.

Metastasis is a complex process, which depends on the interaction between tumor cells and host organs. Driven by the primary tumor, the host organ will establish an environment suitable for the growth of tumor cells before their arrival, which is called the pre-metastasis niche. The formation of pre-metastasis niche requires the participation of a variety of cells, in which myeloid-derived suppressor cells play a very important role.

Role of chemokines in the crosstalk between tumor and tumor-associated macrophages.

Tumor microenvironment (TME) consists of a dynamic network of non-tumoral stromal cells, including cancer-associated fibroblasts, endothelial cells, tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs), B and T cells. In the TME, TAMs support tumor initiation, progression, invasion and metastasis by promoting angiogenesis and immunosuppression of the tumor cells. There is close crosstalk between TAMs and tumor cells.

Factors associated with neutralizing antibody levels induced by two inactivated COVID-19 vaccines for 12 months after primary series vaccination.

Background: BBIBP-CorV and CoronaVac inactivated COVID-19 vaccines are widely-used, World Health Organization-emergency-listed vaccines. Understanding antibody level changes over time after vaccination is important for booster dose policies. We evaluated neutralizing antibody (nAb) titers and associated factors for the first 12 months after primary-series vaccination with BBIBP-CorV and CoronaVac.

An improved method for rapid identification of hook effect samples in HBsAg quantitative assay.

Quantitative hepatitis B surface antigen assay is widely used for diagnosis of hepatitis B virus infection; however, specimens with high levels of the antigen can cause false-negative results (Hook effect), which needs to be resolved. The hook effect samples and non-hook effect samples were detected on the LiCA® 500 instrument using three methods, viz., 1, 2, and 3.

Viral resistance to VRC01-like antibodies with mutations in loop D and V5 from an HIV-1 B' subtype infected individual with broadly neutralization activity.

Recently we identified the VRC01-like antibody DRVIA7(A7) from an HIV-1 B' subtype-infected individual (DRVI01) with broad neutralization activity, and almost all viruses from the individual were resistant to both VRC01 and A7 lineage antibodies. Here, we identified and characterized a panel of HIV-1 variants with resistance to VRC01 and A7 using site-directed mutagenesis and swapping amino acid fragments of gp120. Site-directed mutagenesis revealed that E279D/R282K/N460A/T464N of gp120 from DRVI01 produced VRC01-susceptible variants.

Research progress on exosomal proteins as diagnostic markers of gastric cancer (review article).

Gastric cancer (GC) is one of the most common types of tumors and the most common cause of cancer mortality worldwide. The diagnosis of GC is critical to its prevention and treatment. Available tumor markers are the crucial step for GC diagnosis.

Exosomal targeting and its potential clinical application.

Exosomes are extracellular vesicles secreted by a variety of living cells, which have a certain degree of natural targeting as nano-carriers. Almost all exosomes released by cells will eventually enter the blood circulation or be absorbed by other cells. Under the action of content sorting mechanism, some specific surface molecules can be expressed on the surface of exosomes, such as tetraspanins protein and integrin.

Tracking-by-Counting: Using Network Flows on Crowd Density Maps for Tracking Multiple Targets.

State-of-the-art multi-object tracking (MOT) methods follow the tracking-by-detection paradigm, where object trajectories are obtained by associating per-frame outputs of object detectors. In crowded scenes, however, detectors often fail to obtain accurate detections due to heavy occlusions and high crowd density. In this paper, we propose a new MOT paradigm, tracking-by-counting, tailored for crowded scenes.

Left ventricular systolic dysfunction in patients with unprotected left main coronary artery disease.

Background: The optimal coronary revascularization strategy for patients with unprotected left main coronary artery (ULMCA) disease and left ventricular systolic dysfunction (LVSD) remains uncertain. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the clinical outcomes after percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) with a drug-eluting stent (DES) versus coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) in patients with ULMCA disease with or without LVSD.

Methods: A total of 984 patients with ULMCA disease who received a DES (n = 511) or underwent CABG (n = 473) were included in this study.

Circulating and tumor-infiltrating arginase 1-expressing cells in gastric adenocarcinoma patients were mainly immature and monocytic Myeloid-derived suppressor cells.

Myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) are a group of heterogeneous cells derived from immature myeloid cells (IMCs). MDSCs are known to play important roles in tumor immune evasion. While we know that there are a large number of circulating and tumor-infiltrating MDSCs existing in gastric cancer (GC) patients, the phenotypic characteristics and arginase 1 (ARG1) expression levels of these MDSCs remain very unclear.

[1,2,3]Triazolo[4,5-d]pyrimidine derivatives incorporating (thio)urea moiety as a novel scaffold for LSD1 inhibitors.

Lysine specific demethylase 1 (LSD1) plays an essential role in maintaining a balanced methylation status at histone tails. Overexpression of LSD1 has been involved in the development of a variety of human diseases, including cancers. Herein, on the basis of our previously developed LSD1 inhibitors, two series of new [1,2,3]triazolo[4,5-d]pyrimidine derivatives incorporating (thio)urea moiety were designed and evaluated for their LSD1 inhibitory abilities, leading to a novel chemical class of LSD1 inhibitors.

Molecular and clinical progress in follicular lymphoma lacking the t(14;18) translocation (Review).

Although the majority of patients with follicular lymphoma (FL) harbor the t(14;18)(q32;q21) IGH/BCL2 gene rearrangement that leads to the overexpression of BCL2 protein, approximately 20% of FL cases lack t(14;18)(q32;q21). It is considered that BCL2 overexpression underscores the development of the majority of cases of FL and their transformation to more aggressive lymphoma [known as transformed FL (tFL)]. However, FL cases lacking the t(14;18)(q32;q21) translocation exhibit symptoms analogous to their t(14;18)‑positive counterparts.

Exosomal miRNA-107 induces myeloid-derived suppressor cell expansion in gastric cancer.

  Myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) promote immunosuppression in the tumor microenvironment, support tumor growth and survival, and may contribute to immunotherapy resistance. Recent studies showed that tumor-derived exosomes (TDEs) can induce MDSCs accumulation and expansion, the mechanisms of which are largely unknown. The morphologies and sizes of the exosomes was observed by using a JEM-1400 transmission electron microscope.

The Complement C3aC3aR Axis Promotes Development of Thoracic Aortic Dissection via Regulation of MMP2 Expression.

Thoracic aortic dissection (TAD), once ruptured, is devastating to patients, and no effective pharmaceutical therapy is available. Anaphylatoxins released by complement activation are involved in a variety of diseases. However, the role of the complement system in TAD is unknown.

Specular Reflection Separation With Color-Lines Constraint.

According to dichromatic reflection model, the previous methods of specular reflection separation in image processing often separate specular reflection from a single image using patch-based priors. Due to lack of global information, these methods often cannot completely separate the specular component of an image and are incline to degrade image textures. In this paper, we derive a global color-lines constraint from dichromatic reflection model to effectively recover specular and diffuse reflection.

Disruption of mechanical stress in extracellular matrix is related to Stanford type A aortic dissection through down-regulation of Yes-associated protein.

In this study, we assessed whether the down-regulation of Yes-associated protein (YAP) is involved in the pathogenesis of extracellular matrix (ECM) mechanical stress-induced Stanford type A aortic dissection (STAAD). Human aortic samples were obtained from heart transplantation donors as normal controls and from STAAD patients undergoing surgical replacement of the ascending aorta. Decreased maximum aortic wall velocity, ECM disorders, increased VSMC apoptosis, and YAP down-regulation were identified in STAAD samples.

β-Aminopropionitrile monofumarate induces thoracic aortic dissection in C57BL/6 mice.

Thoracic aortic dissection (TAD) is a catastrophic disease with high mortality and morbidity, characterized by fragmentation of elastin and loss of smooth muscle cells. However, the underlying pathological mechanisms of this disease remain elusive because there are no appropriate animal models, limiting discovery of effective therapeutic strategies. We treated mice on C57BL/6 and FVB genetic backgrounds with β-aminopropionitrile monofumarate (BAPN), an irreversible inhibitor of lysyl oxidase, for 4 wk, followed by angiotensin II (Ang II) infusion for 24 h.

Simple and effective calculations about spectral power distributions of outdoor light sources for computer vision.

The spectral power distributions (SPD) of outdoor light sources are not constant over time and atmospheric conditions, which causes the appearance variation of a scene and common natural illumination phenomena, such as twilight, shadow, and haze/fog. Calculating the SPD of outdoor light sources at different time (or zenith angles) and under different atmospheric conditions is of interest to physically-based vision. In this paper, for computer vision and its applications, we propose a feasible, simple, and effective SPD calculating method based on analyzing the transmittance functions of absorption and scattering along the path of solar radiation through the atmosphere in the visible spectrum.