Safety and Humoral Immunogenicity of Different Dose Levels of Ad26.COV2.S as a 2-Dose Regimen in COVID-19 Vaccine-Naïve Healthy Adults: A Phase 3 Randomized Clinical Trial.

Background: This study aimed to support the end-of-shelf life specification (2.5 × 10 virus particles [vp]) for the standard Ad26.COV2.

Immunogenicity and safety of Ad26.RSV.preF/RSV preF protein vaccine at predicted intermediate- and end-of-shelf-life as an evaluation of potency throughout shelf life.

This study assessed three Ad26.RSV.preF/RSV preF protein combinations, combining different Ad26.

FARS2 Deficiency Causes Cardiomyopathy by Disrupting Mitochondrial Homeostasis and the Mitochondrial Quality Control System.

Background: Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) is a common heritable heart disease. Although HCM has been reported to be associated with many variants of genes involved in sarcomeric protein biomechanics, pathogenic genes have not been identified in patients with partial HCM. FARS2 (the mitochondrial phenylalanyl-tRNA synthetase), a type of mitochondrial aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase, plays a role in the mitochondrial translation machinery.

The Significance of Contrast-Enhanced Ultrasound in the Application of Lymphaticovenous Anastomosis.

Background: Lymphaticovenous anastomosis (LVA) surgery is an effective treatment for lymphedema. Accurate evaluation and localization of the superficial lymphatic vessels before the operation is crucial for the success of the operation. Contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) is a new ultrasound technology, and its clinical application value in LVA surgery has not been established.

Diet, cardiovascular disease, and mortality in 80 countries.

Aims: To develop a healthy diet score that is associated with health outcomes and is globally applicable using data from the Prospective Urban Rural Epidemiology (PURE) study and replicate it in five independent studies on a total of 245 000 people from 80 countries.

Methods And Results: A healthy diet score was developed in 147 642 people from the general population, from 21 countries in the PURE study, and the consistency of the associations of the score with events was examined in five large independent studies from 70 countries. The healthy diet score was developed based on six foods each of which has been associated with a significantly lower risk of mortality [i.

Characterization of breast lesions using multi-parametric diffusion MRI and machine learning.

. To investigate quantitative imaging markers based on parameters from two diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) models, continuous-time random-walk (CTRW) and intravoxel incoherent motion (IVIM) models, for characterizing malignant and benign breast lesions by using a machine learning algorithm..

Simultaneous transfer of one good-quality and one poor-quality cleavage stage embryo does not improve pregnancy outcomes.

Embryo quality and quantity are key factors that determine the success of IVF-ET. Yet it is still unclear if, for those patients with only one good-quality embryo in an IVF cycle, the inclusion of a poor-quality embryo increases the procedure's success rate. This is a common question for both clinicians and patients in determining their course of treatment.

Aberrant activation of TGF-β1 induces high bone turnover Rho GTPases-mediated cytoskeletal remodeling in Camurati-Engelmann disease.

In the adult skeleton, the bone remodeling process involves a dynamic coordination between osteoblasts and osteoclasts, which is disrupted in diseases with high bone turnover rates and dysregulated transforming growth factor beta 1 (TGF-β1). However, little is known about how TGF-β1 signaling mediates bone resorption. Here, we described a pedigree with a heterozygous variant in TGF-β1 (R218C) that resulted in aberrant activation of TGF-β1 through an activating mechanism that caused Camurati-Engelmann disease (CED).

Neuropathy-associated Fars2 deficiency affects neuronal development and potentiates neuronal apoptosis by impairing mitochondrial function.

Background: Neurodegenerative diseases encompass an extensive and heterogeneous group of nervous system disorders which are characterized by progressive degeneration and death of neurons. Many lines of evidence suggest the participation of mitochondria dysfunction in these diseases. Mitochondrial phenylalanyl-tRNA synthetase, encoded by FARS2, catalyzes the transfer of phenylalanine to its cognate tRNA for protein synthesis.

A Novel Pseudogene Methylation Signature to Predict Temozolomide Outcome in Non-G-CIMP Glioblastomas.

Objective: Alterations in the methylation state of pseudogenes may serve as clinically useful biomarkers of glioblastomas (GBMs) that do not have glioma-CpG island methylator phenotype (G-CIMP).

Methods: Non-G-CIMP GBM datasets were included for evaluation, and a RISK-score signature was determined from the methylation state of pseudogene loci. Both bioinformatic and experimental analyses were performed for biological validation.

Pan-cancer analysis and experiments with cell lines reveal that the slightly elevated expression of DLGAP5 is involved in clear cell renal cell carcinoma progression.

Aims: Discs large-associated protein 5 (DLGAP5), a kinetochore fibers-binding protein, functions as a oncoprotein in many cancers. However, its expression patterns in pan-cancer including clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) are not analyzed. Herein, we aimed to evaluate its expression in more common cancers, especially in ccRCC.

Developmental Angiogenesis Requires the Mitochondrial Phenylalanyl-tRNA Synthetase.

Mitochondrial aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases (mtARSs) catalyze the binding of specific amino acids to their cognate tRNAs and play an essential role in the synthesis of proteins encoded by mitochondrial DNA. Defects in mtARSs have been linked to human diseases, but their tissue-specific pathophysiology remains elusive. Here we examined the role of mitochondrial phenylalanyl-tRNA synthetase (FARS2) in developmental angiogenesis and its potential contribution to the pathogenesis of cardiovascular disease.

Improvement of Qilin pills on male reproductive function in tripterygium glycoside-induced oligoasthenospermia in rats.

This study established an oligoasthenospermic rat model using tripterygium glycosides (TGs) and investigated the mechanism by which Qilin pills (QLPs) ameliorate reproductive hypofunction. Thirty-two male Sprague Dawley rats were allocated to four equal-sized groups: (1) the control group received continuous physiological levels of saline; (2) the oligoasthenospermia model group was induced with TGs by daily intragastric administration for 28 days; (3 and 4) oligoasthenospermic rats were treated intragastrically with low dose (1.62 g kg  d ) and high dose (3.

miR-335-5p suppresses gastric cancer progression by targeting MAPK10.

Background: Recent studies have established the roles of microRNAs (miRNAs) in cancer progression. The aberrant expression of miR-335-5p has been reported in many cancers, including gastric cancer (GC). In this study, the precise roles of miR-335-5p in GC as well as the molecular mechanisms underlying its effects, including the role of its target MAPK10, were evaluated.

Discrimination and structural validity evaluation of Zung self-rating depression scale for pregnant women in China.

Purpose: The applicability of the Zung self-rating depression scale (SDS) in pregnancy is unknown. We aimed to identify redundant items and evaluate the Zung SDS's structural validity.

Method: Two samples of pregnant women were invited from two districts in Shanghai (Yangpu sample,  = 6468 and Huangpu sample,  = 402).

Rapid genotyping of F8 intron 22 inversion by nested PCR based on long-distance PCR.

F8 intron 22 inversion (Inv22) accounts for about 40% of severe hemophilia A (HA) cases and is mainly genotyped by long-distance PCR (LD-PCR) or inverse-PCR (I-PCR). These methods require long separation times or enzymatic digestion. We aimed to shorten the separation time of LD-PCR.

Vitamin D receptor rs2228570 polymorphism and Parkinson's disease risk in a Chinese population.

Epidemiological evidence of the relationship between vitamin D receptor (VDR) rs2228570 (FokI) polymorphism and the susceptibility of Parkinson's disease (PD) is inconsistent, partially due to between-study variations in sample size, age, male/female ratio, and 25-OH vitamin D3 levels. Here, we examined the association between VDR rs2228570 polymorphism and PD risk in a Chinese population. A total of 940 subjects were included in this study, which consisted of 470 patients with sporadic PD (mean age: 62.

Public health concerns regarding sporadic Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease in China: a case series.

In this study, we report three cases of sporadic Creutzfeldt–Jakob disease in China, two confirmed cases and one probable case. The aim of this study was to enrich the data regarding clinical and epidemiological features of this disease and to provide reference for the diagnosis, control, and prevention of sporadic Creutzfeldt–Jakob disease.

Availability and affordability of essential medicines for diabetes across high-income, middle-income, and low-income countries: a prospective epidemiological study.

Background: Data are scarce on the availability and affordability of essential medicines for diabetes. Our aim was to examine the availability and affordability of metformin, sulfonylureas, and insulin across multiple regions of the world and explore the effect of these on medicine use.

Methods: In the Prospective Urban Rural Epidemiology (PURE) study, participants aged 35-70 years (n=156 625) were recruited from 110 803 households, in 604 communities and 22 countries; availability (presence of any dose of medication in the pharmacy on the day of audit) and medicine cost data were collected from pharmacies with the Environmental Profile of a Community's Health audit tool.

The effect of physical activity on mortality and cardiovascular disease in 130 000 people from 17 high-income, middle-income, and low-income countries: the PURE study.

Background: Physical activity has a protective effect against cardiovascular disease (CVD) in high-income countries, where physical activity is mainly recreational, but it is not known if this is also observed in lower-income countries, where physical activity is mainly non-recreational. We examined whether different amounts and types of physical activity are associated with lower mortality and CVD in countries at different economic levels.

Methods: In this prospective cohort study, we recruited participants from 17 countries (Canada, Sweden, United Arab Emirates, Argentina, Brazil, Chile, Poland, Turkey, Malaysia, South Africa, China, Colombia, Iran, Bangladesh, India, Pakistan, and Zimbabwe).

Reconstruction of a hybrid nucleoside antibiotic gene cluster based on scarless modification of large DNA fragments.

Genetic modification of large DNA fragments (gene clusters) is of great importance in synthetic biology and combinatorial biosynthesis as it facilitates rational design and modification of natural products to increase their value and productivity. In this study, we developed a method for scarless and precise modification of large gene clusters by using RecET/RED-mediated polymerase chain reaction (PCR) targeting combined with Gibson assembly. In this strategy, the biosynthetic genes for peptidyl moieties (HPHT) in the nikkomycin biosynthetic gene cluster were replaced with those for carbamoylpolyoxamic acid (CPOAA) from the polyoxin biosynthetic gene cluster to generate a ~40 kb hybrid gene cluster in Escherichia coli with a reusable targeting cassette.

Griflola frondosa (GF) produces significant antidepressant effects involving AMPA receptor activation in mice.

Context: Griflola frondosa (Fr) S.F. Gray (Meripilaceae) (GF) is a medical mushroom, and its regulation of the immune system is of interest for the treatment of mood disorders.