ResNet-Vision Transformer based MRI-endoscopy fusion model for predicting treatment response to neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy in locally advanced rectal cancer: A multicenter study.

Background: Neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy followed by radical surgery has been a common practice for patients with locally advanced rectal cancer, but the response rate varies among patients. This study aimed to develop a ResNet-Vision Transformer based magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)-endoscopy fusion model to precisely predict treatment response and provide personalized treatment.

Methods: In this multicenter study, 366 eligible patients who had undergone neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy followed by radical surgery at eight Chinese tertiary hospitals between January 2017 and June 2024 were recruited, with 2928 pretreatment colonic endoscopic images and 366 pelvic MRI images.

Photonics-aided exceeding 200-Gb/s wireless data transmission over outdoor long-range 2 × 2 MIMO THz links at 300 GHz.

Outdoor long-range terahertz (THz) communications often come at the expense of transmission rate. Moreover, the practicability of the single polarization optical/THz link, which is commonly used in the previous long-range THz demonstrations based on photonics, is extremely limited by the following two fatal defects. One is relying on active polarization control, and the other is not supporting the transparent bridging of optical polarization division multiplexed (PDM) signals for mature coherent optical communication networks.

A study of intersphincteric resection rate following robotic-assisted total mesorectal excision versus laparoscopic-assisted total mesorectal excision for patients with middle and low rectal cancer: study protocol for a multicenter randomized clinical trial.

Introduction: Robotic-assisted complete mesorectal excision (RATME) is increasingly being used by colorectal surgeons. Most surgeons consider RATME a safe method, and believe it can facilitate total mesorectal excision (TME) in rectal cancer, and may potentially have advantages over intersphincteric resection (ISR) and anus preservation. Therefore, this trial was designed to investigate whether RATME has technical advantages and can increase the ISR rate compared with laparoscopic-assisted TME (LATME) in patients with middle and low rectal cancer.

Changes in thyroid hormones predict weight regain in patients with obesity who undergo metabolic surgery.

Aim: To investigate the relationship between thyroid function and weight regain in patients with obesity after metabolic surgery.

Methods: This retrospective study enrolled 162 patients who underwent metabolic surgery. Correlations between decreases in thyroid hormone levels and changes in weight, waist circumference (WC) and the Chinese visceral adiposity index (CVAI) were assessed.

Quantitation and characterization of serotype 6A activation for pneumococcal conjugate vaccine by cryo-EM and SEC methods.

Pneumococcal conjugate vaccines (PCV) typically consist of capsular polysaccharides from different S. pneumoniae serotypes which are covalently attached to carrier protein. A well-established process to manufacture PCV is through activating polysaccharide by oxidation of vicinal diols to aldehydes, followed by protein conjugation via reductive amination.

Association between dietary protein intake and constipation: Data from the National Health and nutrition examination survey 2005-2010.

Background: The association between dietary protein intake and constipation remains inconclusive. The aim of this study was to investigate whether dietary protein intake is associated with constipation.

Methods: This cross-sectional study included 13,941 adults from the 2005 to 2010 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey.

Intersphincteric resection following robotic-assisted versus laparoscopy-assisted total mesorectal excision for middle and low rectal cancer: a multicentre propensity score analysis of 1571 patients.

Background: Robotic-assisted total mesorectal excision (RaTME) may be associated with reduced conversion to an open approach and a higher rate of complete total mesorectal excision (TME); however, studies on its advantages in intersphincteric resection (ISR) are inadequate.

Materials And Methods: This retrospective multicenter cohort study enroled consecutive patients who underwent RaTME and laparoscopy-assisted total mesorectal excision (LaTME) at four medical centres between January 2020 and March 2023. Propensity score matching (PSM), inverse probability of treatment weight (IPTW), and multivariate logistic regression analyses were performed.

Adaptive feedback-driven probabilistic shaping for high-order modulation formats in a fiber-THz seamless integration system at 320 GHz.

In this Letter, we propose a novel, to the best of our knowledge, adaptive feedback-driven probabilistic constellation-shaping (FBD-PCS) method based on the robustness evaluation criteria and employ variational autoencoder (VAE)-based equalizers to implement polarization demultiplexing and nonlinear equalization for the recovery of high-order PCS-QAM signals. We experimentally demonstrate the fiber-THz 2 times 2 MIMO system with a net rate of 366.4 Gbit/s using dual-polarization 40 Gbaud PCS-64QAM signal over a 20 km SSMF and 6 m wireless link.

Intestinal glucose excretion: A potential mechanism for glycemic control.

The gut has been increasingly recognized in recent years as a pivotal organ in the maintenance of glucose homeostasis. Specifically, the profound and enduring improvement in glucose metabolism achieved through metabolic surgery to modify the anatomy of the gut has prompted scholars to acknowledge that the most effective strategy for treating type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) involves the gut. The mechanisms underlying the regulation of glucose metabolism by the gut encompass gut hormones, bile acids, intestinal gluconeogenesis, gut microbiota, and signaling interactions between the gut and other organs (liver, brain, adipose, etc.

Risk factors for anastomotic leak and postoperative morbidity after right hemicolectomy for colon cancer: results from a prospective, multi-centre, snapshot study in China.

Background: Right hemicolectomy is the standard treatment for right-sided colon cancer. There is variation in the technical aspects of performing right hemicolectomy as well as in short-term outcomes. It is therefore necessary to explore best clinical practice following right hemicolectomy in expert centres.

Feasibility and safety of hybrid transvaginal natural orifice transluminal endoscopic surgery for colon cancer: Protocol for a multicenter, single-arm, phase II trial (vNOTESCA).

Introduction: It has been a decade since the first patient with colon cancer underwent colectomy by hybrid transvaginal natural orifice transluminal endoscopic surgery (hvNOTES). However, the efficacy and safety of this procedure is not well established.

Methods: This study is an open-label, multicenter, single-arm, phase 2 trial undertaken at six centers in China.

Effect of Bariatric Surgery on Metabolic Syndrome in Chinese Patients with Low Body Mass Index: a Propensity Score Matching Study.

Background: Bariatric surgery (BS) is known to improve the components of metabolic syndrome (MS) in patients with obesity. However, few studies have evaluated the effect of BS on patients with MS at low BMI levels. The study aims to assess the effect of BS on MS in patients with low BMI by comparing BS with medical therapy (MT).

An Optogenetics-based Approach to Regulate Colonic Contractions by Modulating the Activity of the Interstitial Cells of Cajal in Mice.

Background/aims: The interstitial cells of Cajal (ICC) are pacemaker cells in the gastrointestinal (GI) tract. We examined whether the activity of ICC could be stimulated to control colonic contractions. An optogenetics-based mouse model in which the light-sensitive protein channelrhodopsin-2 (ChR2) was expressed was used to accomplish cell specific, direct stimulation of ICC.

Nonlinearity mitigation in a fiber-wireless integrated system based on low-complexity autoencoder and BiLSTM-ANN equalizer.

We propose and experimentally demonstrate an intelligent nonlinear compensation method using a stacked autoencoder (SAE) model in conjunction with principal component analysis (PCA) technology and a bidirectional long-short-term memory coupled with ANN (BiLSTM-ANN) nonlinear equalizer for an end-to-end (E2E) fiber-wireless integrated system. The SAE-optimized nonlinear constellation is utilized to mitigate nonlinearity during the optical and electrical conversion process. Our proposed BiLSTM-ANN equalizer is primarily based on time memory and information extraction characteristics, which can compensate for the remaining nonlinear redundancy.

Robotic versus laparoscopic right hemicolectomy with complete mesocolic excision: a retrospective multicenter study with propensity score matching.

Objective: During the past decade, the concept of complete mesocolic excision (CME) has been developed in an attempt to minimize recurrence for right-sided colon cancer. This study aims to compare outcomes of robotic versus laparoscopic right hemicolectomy with CME for right-sided colon cancer.

Methods: We performed a retrospective multicenter propensity score matching study.

Robotic versus laparoscopic left colectomy with complete mesocolic excision for left-sided colon cancer: a multicentre study with propensity score matching analysis.

Purpose: Robotic surgery for right-sided colon and rectal cancer has rapidly increased; however, there is limited evidence in the literature of advantages of robotic left colectomy (RLC) for left-sided colon cancer. The purpose of this study was to compare the outcomes of RLC versus laparoscopic left colectomy (LLC) with complete mesocolic excision (CME) for left-sided colon cancer.

Methods: Patients who had RLC or LLC with CME for left-sided colon cancer at five hospitals in China between January 2014 and April 2022 were included.

Photonics-aided integrated sensing and communications in mmW bands based on a DC-offset QPSK-encoded LFMCW.

The evolution of mobile communications towards millimeter-wave (mmW) bands provides a strong opportunity for the seamless integration of radar and wireless communications. We present a photonics-aided mmW integrated sensing and communications (ISAC) system constructed by photonic up-conversion using a coherent optical frequency comb, which facilitates zero frequency offset of the resulting mmW signal. The sensing and communications functions are enabled by a joint waveform that encodes a DC-offset QPSK signal on a linear frequency-modulated continuous wave (LFMCW) in baseband.