Short-term learning of the vestibulo-ocular reflex induced by a custom interactive computer game.

Retinal image slip during head rotation drives motor learning in the rotational vestibulo-ocular reflex (VOR) and forms the basis of gaze-stability exercises that treat vestibular dysfunction. Clinical exercises, however, are unengaging, cannot easily be titrated to the level of impairment, and provide neither direct feedback nor tracking of the patient's adherence, performance, and progress. To address this, we have developed a custom application for VOR training based on an interactive computer game.

Overcoming Periodic Stripe Noise in Infrared Linear Array Images: The Fourier-Assisted Correlative Denoising Method.

Infrared linear array detectors frequently experience vertical, low-frequency, and periodic stripe noise during imaging, stemming from electro-mechanical interference. Unlike conventional periodic disturbances, this interference showcases long periodicities and is uniquely columnar in orientation. Its presence, especially within the low-frequency domain, renders conventional filtering techniques ineffective and, at times, detrimental to image quality.

Factors affecting colonoscopy screening among first-degree relatives of colorectal cancer patients: A mixed-method systematic review.

Background: First-degree relatives (FDRs) of colorectal cancer (CRC) patients have a higher risk of developing CRC than the general population. Ensuring that these at-risk populations receive colonoscopy screening is an effective strategy for reducing the increased risk, but the rates remain low. Colonoscopy screening behavior is influenced by factors at multiple levels.

Coptidis Rhizoma processed with Evodia Rutaecarpa improves the effect on ulcerative colitis by increasing intestinal energy metabolites alpha-ketoglutarate and Lactobacillus reuteri.

Background: Evodia Rutaecarpa-processed Coptidis Rhizoma (ECR) is a traditional Chinese medicine for the treatment of ulcerative colitis (UC) in China. However, the mechanisms underlying the ECR processing are not elucidated.

Purpose: Coptidis Rhizoma (CR) regulates the gut microbiota in the treatment of gastrointestinal diseases.

Paeoniflorin Coordinates Macrophage Polarization and Mitigates Liver Inflammation and Fibrogenesis by Targeting the NF-[Formula: see text]B/HIF-1α Pathway in CCl-Induced Liver Fibrosis.

Liver fibrosis is a disease largely driven by resident and recruited macrophages. The phenotypic switch of hepatic macrophages can be achieved by chemo-attractants and cytokines. During a screening of plants traditionally used to treat liver diseases in China, paeoniflorin was identified as a potential drug that affects the polarization of macrophages.

Baicalin inhibits hepatocellular carcinoma cell growth and metastasis by suppressing ROCK1 signaling.

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a common malignancy affecting many people worldwide. Baicalin is a flavonoid extracted from the dried root of Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi. It can effectively inhibit the occurrence and development of HCC.

Geniposide ameliorates atherosclerosis by regulating macrophage polarization via perivascular adipocyte-derived CXCL14.

Ethnopharmacological Relevance: Gardenia jasminoides Ellis is a traditional Chinese medicine that has been used for treatment of various diseases, including atherosclerosis by clearing heat and detoxication. Geniposide is considered as the effective compounds responsible for the therapeutic efficacy of Gardenia jasminoides Ellis against atherosclerosis.

Aim Of The Study: To investigate the effect of geniposide on atherosclerosis burden and plaque macrophage polarization, with focus on its potential impact on CXCL14 expression by perivascular adipose tissue (PVAT).

SNS alleviates depression-like behaviors in CUMS mice by regluating dendritic spines via NCOA4-mediated ferritinophagy.

Ethnopharmacological Relevance: Depression is one of the most common mood disturbances worldwide. The Si-ni-san formula (SNS) is a famous classic Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) widely used to treat depression for thousands of years in clinics. However, the mechanism underlying the therapeutic effect of SNS in improving depression-like behaviors following chronic unpredictable mild stress (CUMS) remains unknown.

Translation and validation: standard Chinese version of the skin tear knowledge assessment instrument (OASES).

Objective: Skin tears (STs) are acute cutaneous trauma and have become an increasingly common global health problem. International studies have shown barriers to the prevention and management of ST and the relevance of the role of nurses in implementation. The purpose of this study was to adapt an existing tool to measure nurses' knowledge of the prevention, assessment, and management of STs.

Erratum: MicroRNA-30a-3p acts as a tumor suppressor in MHCC-97H hepatocellular carcinoma cells by targeting COX-2: Erratum.

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.7150/jca.52298.

Biejiajian pill inhibits progression of hepatocellular carcinoma by downregulating PDGFRβ signaling in cancer-associated fibroblasts.

Ethnopharmacological Relevance: Biejiajian pill (BJJP) is a canonical formula that is clinically used to treat chronic liver disease, especially to decrease the incidence of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). However, the mechanisms underlying the prevention of HCC progression by BJJP remain unclear.

Aim Of The Study: This study aimed to determine whether BJJP inhibits HCC progression by downregulating platelet-derived growth factor receptor beta (PDGFRβ) signaling in cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) in a mouse model of diethylnitrosamine (DEN)/carbon tetrachloride (CCl)-induced HCC.

Consequences of anthropogenic activities and beach dynamics on vertical distribution of microplastics in the mid-intertidal sediments of Donghai Island, China.

Microplastic accumulation and resulting degradation are significant threats to the coastal ecosystems around the world. Baseline information on microplastics and their sources is of great importance for a permanent waste management system. The present study focused on the vertical distribution and characteristics of microplastics in the mid-intertidal zone of Donghai Island, China.

Bayesian group testing with dilution effects.

A Bayesian framework for group testing under dilution effects has been developed, using lattice-based models. This work has particular relevance given the pressing public health need to enhance testing capacity for coronavirus disease 2019 and future pandemics, and the need for wide-scale and repeated testing for surveillance under constantly varying conditions. The proposed Bayesian approach allows for dilution effects in group testing and for general test response distributions beyond just binary outcomes.

Biejiajian Pill Promotes the Infiltration of CD8 T Cells in Hepatocellular Carcinoma by Regulating the Expression of CCL5.

Tumor-infiltrating CD8T lymphocytes are mostly associated with a favorable prognosis in numerous cancers, including hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Biejiajian Pill (BJJP) is a common type of traditional Chinese medicine that is widely used in the treatment of HCC in China. Previous studies showed that BJJP suppressed the growth of HCC cells both and , by exerting direct cytotoxic effects on tumor cells.

Early Stopping in Experimentation With Real-Time Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging Using a Modified Sequential Probability Ratio Test.

Functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) often involves long scanning durations to ensure the associated brain activity can be detected. However, excessive experimentation can lead to many undesirable effects, such as from learning and/or fatigue effects, discomfort for the subject, excessive motion artifacts and loss of sustained attention on task. Overly long experimentation can thus have a detrimental effect on signal quality and accurate voxel activation detection.

Sinisan Protects Primary Hippocampal Neurons Against Corticosterone by Inhibiting Autophagy via the PI3K/Akt/mTOR Pathway.

Corticosterone causes significant neurotoxicity in primary hippocampal neurons which is associated with depression. Dysfunctional autophagy is implicated in cognitive impairment and depressive-like behavior. The traditional Chinese medicine Sinisan (SNS) is highly effective in clinical treatment of depression.

MicroRNA-30a-3p acts as a tumor suppressor in MHCC-97H hepatocellular carcinoma cells by targeting COX-2.

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small, noncoding RNAs which can bind to target mRNAs and regulate gene expression. Increasing evidences suggest that miRNAs play an important role in driving hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) progression by regulating tumor cell proliferation, apoptosis, invasion, and migration. In this study, we demonstrated that the expression of microRNA-30a-3p (miR-30a-3p) was reduced in HCC cell lines in comparison to immortalized liver cell line, LO2.

Biejiajian Pill Inhibits Carcinogenesis and Metastasis via the Akt/GSK-3β/Snail Signaling Pathway in Hepatocellular Carcinoma.

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is among the most usual cancers globally. In China, Biejiajian pill (BJJP), Traditional Chinese Medicine clinical prescription, is broadly utilized for the prevention and therapy of HCC. However, the mechanisms by which BJJP exerts its effects on the prevention of tumor invasion and metastasis are still largely unknown.

BAYESIAN GROUP TESTING WITH DILUTION EFFECTS.

A Bayesian framework for group testing under dilution effects has been developed, using lattice-based models. This work has particular relevance given the pressing public health need to enhance testing capacity for COVID-19 and future pandemics, and the need for wide-scale and repeated testing for surveillance under constantly varying conditions. The proposed Bayesian approach allows for dilution effects in group testing and for general test response distributions beyond just binary outcomes.

Rational Design and Evaluation of 6-(Pyrimidin-2-ylamino)-3,4-dihydroquinoxalin-2(1)-ones as Polypharmacological Inhibitors of BET and Kinases.

Cancer exhibits diverse heterogeneity with a complicated molecular basis that usually harbors genetic and epigenetic abnormality, which poses a big challenge for single-target agents. In the current work, we proposed a hybrid strategy by incorporating pharmacophores that bind to the acetylated lysine binding pocket of BET proteins with a typical kinase hinge binder to generate novel polypharmacological inhibitors of BET and kinases. Through elaborating the core structure of 6-(pyrimidin-2-ylamino)-3,4-dihydroquinoxalin-2(1)-one, we demonstrated that this rational design can produce high potent inhibitors of CDK9 and BET proteins.

Long noncoding RNA MAPKAPK5-AS1 promotes colorectal cancer progression by cis-regulating the nearby gene MK5 and acting as a let-7f-1-3p sponge.

Background: Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) are considered critical regulators in cancers; however, the clinical significance and mechanisms of MAPKAPK5-AS1 (hereinafter referred to as MK5-AS1) in colorectal cancer (CRC) remain mostly unknown.

Methods: In this study, quantitative real-time PCR (qPCR) and western blotting were utilized to detect the levels of MK5-AS1, let-7f-1-3p and MK5 (MAPK activated protein kinase 5) in CRC tissues and cell lines. The biological functions of MK5-AS1, let-7f-1-3p and MK5 in CRC cells were explored using Cell Counting Kit-8 (CCK8), colony formation and transwell assays.

Matrix stiffness regulates SMC functions via TGF-β signaling pathway.

The stiffness change of the vessel wall is involved in many pathological processes of the blood vessel. However, how stiffness changes regulate vascular cell phenotype is not well understood. In this study, we investigated the effects of matrix stiffness on the phenotype and functions of vascular smooth muscle cells (SMCs).