Bearing defect detection based on the improved YOLOv5 algorithm.

In the field of bearing defect detection, Aiming at the problem of low efficiency in manual inspection and prone to missed detections in scenarios with small target defects, and overlapping targets, an improved YOLOv5-based object detection method is proposed. Firstly, in terms of feature extraction, the C3 modules in the original backbone of YOLOv5 are replaced with the finer-grained Res2Block modules to improve the model's feature extraction ability. Secondly, in terms of feature fusion, a Bidirectional Feature Pyramid Network (BiFPN) is added to the original neck of YOLOv5 to enhance the fusion ability of shallow graphic features and deep semantic features.

Road surface crack detection based on improved YOLOv5s.

In response to the issues of low efficiency and high cost in traditional manual methods for road surface crack detection, an improved YOLOv5s (you only look once version 5 small) algorithm was proposed. Based on this improvement, a road surface crack object recognition model was established using YOLOv5s. First, based on the Res2Net (a new multi-scale backbone architecture) network, an improved multi-scale Res2-C3 (a new multi-scale backbone architecture of C3) module was suggested to enhance feature extraction performance.

Tryptophan metabolism in digestive system tumors: unraveling the pathways and implications.

Tryptophan (Trp) metabolism plays a crucial role in influencing the development of digestive system tumors. Dysregulation of Trp and its metabolites has been identified in various digestive system cancers, including esophageal, gastric, liver, colorectal, and pancreatic cancers. Aberrantly expressed Trp metabolites are associated with diverse clinical features in digestive system tumors.

Effects of N6-methyladenosine modification on metabolic reprogramming in digestive tract tumors.

N6-methyladenosine (m6A), the most abundant RNA modification within cells, participates in various biological and pathological processes, including self-renewal, invasion and proliferation, drug resistance, and stem cell characteristics. The m6A methylation plays a crucial role in tumors by regulating multiple RNA processes such as transcription, processing, and translation. Three protein types are primarily involved in m6A methylation: methyltransferases (such as METTL3, METTL14, ZC3H13, and KIAA1429), demethylases (such as FTO, ALKBH5), and RNA-binding proteins (such as the family of YTHDF, YTHDC1, YTHDC2, and IGF2BPs).

Phylogenetic Partitioning of Gansu Flora: Unveiling the Core Transitional Zone of Chinese Flora.

Floristic regions, conventionally established using species distribution patterns, have often overlooked the phylogenetic relationships among taxa. However, how phylogenetic relationships influence the historical interconnections within and among biogeographic regions remains inadequately understood. In this research, we compiled distribution data for seed plants in Gansu, a region of significant biogeographic diversity located in northwestern China.

Automatically transferring supervised targets method for segmenting lung lesion regions with CT imaging.

Background: To present an approach that autonomously identifies and selects a self-selective optimal target for the purpose of enhancing learning efficiency to segment infected regions of the lung from chest computed tomography images. We designed a semi-supervised dual-branch framework for training, where the training set consisted of limited expert-annotated data and a large amount of coarsely annotated data that was automatically segmented based on Hu values, which were used to train both strong and weak branches. In addition, we employed the Lovasz scoring method to automatically switch the supervision target in the weak branch and select the optimal target as the supervision object for training.

T-SPOT with CT image analysis based on deep learning for early differential diagnosis of nontuberculous mycobacteria pulmonary disease and pulmonary tuberculosis.

Objectives: This study aimed to establish a diagnostic algorithm combining T-SPOT with computed tomography image analysis based on deep learning (DL) for early differential diagnosis of nontuberculous mycobacteria pulmonary disease (NTM-PD) and pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB).

Methods: A total of 1049 cases were enrolled, including 467 NTM-PD and 582 PTB cases. A total of 320 cases (160 NTM-PD and 160 PTB) were randomized as the testing set and were analyzed using T-SPOT combined with the DL model.

Current patterns of plant diversity and phylogenetic structure on the Kunlun Mountains.

Large-scale patterns of biodiversity and the underlying mechanisms that regulate these patterns are central topics in biogeography and macroecology. The Qinghai-Tibet Plateau serves as a natural laboratory for studying these issues. However, most previous studies have focused on the entire Qinghai-Tibet Plateau, leaving independent physical geographic subunits in the region less well understood.

Current biogeographical roles of the Kunlun Mountains.

Large-scale patterns of biodiversity and formation have garnered increasing attention in biogeography and macroecology. The Qinghai-Tibet Plateau (QTP) is an ideal area for exploring these issues. However, the QTP consists of multiple geographic subunits, which are understudied.

Identification of prognostic biomarkers of hepatocellular carcinoma via long noncoding RNA expression and copy number alterations.

This study aimed to identify long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) with potential to be prognostic biomarkers of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) by analyzing copy number alterations (CNAs). RNA Sequencing data of 369 HCC patients was downloaded from The Cancer Genome Atlas database and analyzed with a series of systematic bioinformatics methods. LncRNA-CNA association analysis revealed that many lncRNAs were located in sites frequently amplified or deleted.

Transcriptomics Curation of SARS-CoV-2 Related Host Genes in Mice With COVID-19 Comorbidity: A Pilot Study.

The pandemic of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), a respiratory disease caused by a novel severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2, is causing substantial morbidity and mortality. Along with the respiratory symptoms, underlying diseases in senior patients, such as diabetes, hypertension, and coronary heart disease, are the most common comorbidities, which cause more severe outcomes and even death. During cellular attachment and entry of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2, the key protein involved is the angiotensin I converting enzyme 2 (ACE2), which is located on the membrane of host cells.

Identification and Validation of Immune-Related Gene Prognostic Signature for Hepatocellular Carcinoma.

Immune-related genes (IRGs) have been identified as critical drivers of the initiation and progression of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). This study is aimed at constructing an IRG signature for HCC and validating its prognostic value in clinical application. The prognostic signature was developed by integrating multiple IRG expression data sets from TCGA and GEO databases.

High expression of is an unfavorable prognostic biomarker in T4 gastric cancer patients.

Background: Adenoma polyposis coli () mutation is associated with tumorigenesis the Wnt signaling pathway.

Aim: To investigate the clinical features and mechanism of expression in gastric cancer (GC).

Methods: Based on expression profile, the related genome-wide mRNA expression, microRNA (miRNA) expression, and methylation profile in GC, the relationship between and GC, as well as the prognostic significance of were systematically analyzed by multi-dimensional methods.

Identifying Hepatocellular Carcinoma Driver Genes by Integrative Pathway Crosstalk and Protein Interaction Network.

In this study, we mined out hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) driver genes from MEDLINE literatures by bioinformatics methods of pathway crosstalk and protein interaction network. Furthermore, the relationship between driver genes and their clinicopathological characteristics, as well as classification effectiveness was verified in the public databases. We identified 560 human genes reported to be associated with HCC in 1074 published articles.

Efficient generation of functional hepatocyte-like cells from mouse liver progenitor cells via indirect co-culture with immortalized human hepatic stellate cells.

Background: Differentiation of liver progenitor cells (LPCs) to functional hepatocytes holds great potential to develop new strategies for hepatocyte transplantation and the screening of drug-induced cytotoxicity. However, reports on the efficient and convenient hepatic differentiation of LPCs to hepatocytes are few. The present study aims to investigate the possibility of generating functional hepatocytes from LPCs in an indirect co-culture system.

Efficacy of coupled low-volume plasma exchange with plasma filtration adsorption in treating pigs with acute liver failure: A randomised study.

Background & Aims: Extracorporeal blood purification systems for supportive therapy of liver failure are widely used. We developed a novel blood purification system, named Li's artificial liver system (Li-ALS), which couples low-volume plasma exchange (low-volume PE) with plasma filtration adsorption (PFA). This study aims to evaluate the efficacy of our novel system in pigs with acute liver failure (ALF).

Establishment and characterization of an immortalized human hepatic stellate cell line for applications in co-culturing with immortalized human hepatocytes.

Background And Objective: The liver-specific functions of hepatocytes are improved by co-culturing hepatocytes with primary hepatic stellate cells (HSC). However, primary HSC have a short lifespan in vitro, which is considered a major limitation for their use in various applications. This study aimed to establish immortalized human HSC using the simian virus 40 large T antigen (SV40LT) for applications in co-culturing with hepatocytes and HSC in vitro.

Evaluation of plasma exchange and continuous veno-venous hemofiltration for the treatment of severe avian influenza A (H7N9): a cohort study.

Avian influenza A (H7N9) is a severe disease with high mortality. Hypercytokinemia is thought to play an important role in the pathogenesis. This study was to investigate the efficiency of plasma exchange (PE) + continuous veno-venous hemofiltration (CVVH) on the removal of inflammatory mediators and their benefits in the management of fluid overload and metabolic disturbance.

Evaluation of a novel choanoid fluidized bed bioreactor for future bioartificial livers.

Aim: To construct and evaluate the functionality of a choanoid-fluidized bed bioreactor (CFBB) based on microencapsulated immortalized human hepatocytes.

Methods: Encapsulated hepatocytes were placed in the constructed CFBB and circulated through Dulbecco's Modified Eagle's Medium (DMEM) for 12 h, and then through exchanged plasma for 6 h, and compared with encapsulated cells cultivated under static conditions in a spinner flask. Levels of alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and albumin were used to evaluate the CFBB during media circulation, whereas levels of ALT, total bilirubin (TBil), and albumin were used to evaluate it during plasma circulation.

Effects of plasma exchange combined with continuous renal replacement therapy on acute fatty liver of pregnancy.

Background: Acute fatty liver of pregnancy (AFLP) in the third trimester or early postpartum period can lead to fatal liver damage. Its traditional therapy is not very effective in facilitating hepatic recovery. The safety and effect of plasma exchange (PE) in combination with continuous renal replacement therapy (CRRT) (PE+CRRT) for AFLP still needs evaluation.

A modified MELD model for Chinese pre-ACLF and ACLF patients and it reveals poor prognosis in pre-ACLF patients.

Background & Aims: Acute-on-chronic liver failure (ACLF) is one of the most deadly, prevalent, and costly diseases in Asia. However, no prognostic model has been developed that is based specifically on data gathered from Asian patients with ACLF. The aim of the present study was to quantify the survival time of ACLF among Asians and to develop a prognostic model to estimate the probability of death related to ACLF.

Establishment and characterization of immortalized human hepatocyte cell line for applications in bioartificial livers.

An immortalized human hepatocyte cell line, HepLi5, was established via transfection of Simian virus 40 large T antigen (SV40 LT) into primary human hepatocytes. The morphologic and functional characteristics of HepLi5 cells were evaluated. The expression of SV40 LT in HepLi5 cells was detected by reverse transcription-PCR (RT-PCR) and western blotting.

Antiviral therapy and outcomes of patients with pneumonia caused by influenza A pandemic (H1N1) virus.

Background: There is limited data on the clinical outcome of patients with pandemic H1N1 (pH1N1) pneumonia who received oseltamivir treatment, especially when the treatment was administered more than 48 hours after symptom onset.

Methods: During the pandemic in 2009, a cohort of pH1N1 influenza pneumonia was built in China, and their clinical information was collected systematically, and analyzed with Cox models.

Results: 920 adults and 541 children with pneumonia who didn't receive corticosteroids were analyzed.

Prevalence of hepatitis B and C in HIV-infected patients: a meta-analysis.

Background: Hepatitis C virus (HCV), hepatitis B virus (HBV) and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) share similar routes of transmission by sexual intercourse or drug use by parenteral injection, so coinfection is common. This study aimed to determine the prevalence of coinfection with either HCV or HBV in patients infected with HIV.

Data Sources: A meta-analysis was performed to quantify HBV coinfection with HCV in HIV patients.

Bioartificial liver system based on choanoid fluidized bed bioreactor improve the survival time of fulminant hepatic failure pigs.

Bioartificial liver (BAL) support system has been proposed as potential treatment method for end-stage liver diseases. We described an improved BAL system based on a choanoid fluidized bed bioreactor containing alginate-chitosan encapsulated primary porcine hepatocytes. The feasibility, safety, and efficiency of this device were estimated using an allogeneic fulminant hepatic failure (FHF) model.