Palladium-Catalyzed Dearomative Heck/Suzuki Coupling of C2-Deuterated or C2-Nonsubstituted Indoles.

A palladium-catalyzed dearomative diarylation of C2-deuterated or C2-nonsubstituted indoles through domino Heck/Suzuki coupling is established. Relying on electron-deficient phosphite ligand, side reactions including intermolecular Suzuki coupling and intramolecular C-D/H arylation are inhibited and a wide range of 2,3-diarylated indolines bearing vicinal tertiary stereocenters including deuterated ones are afforded in moderate to excellent yields (up to 94%) and excellent diastereoselectivities (>20:1). The catalyst loading can be lowered to 0.

Catalpol Enhances Random-Pattern Skin Flap Survival by Activating SIRT1-Mediated Enhancement of Autophagy.

Random-pattern skin flap necrosis limits its application in the clinic. It is still a challenge for plastic surgeons. Catalpol is an effective ingredient extracted from Rehmannia glutinosa, which is reported to promote angiogenesis and protect against ischemic cerebral disease.

Apelin/APJ-Manipulated CaMKK/AMPK/GSK3 Signaling Works as an Endogenous Counterinjury Mechanism in Promoting the Vitality of Random-Pattern Skin Flaps.

A random-pattern skin flap plays an important role in the field of wound repair; the mechanisms that influence the survival of random-pattern skin flaps have been extensively studied but little attention has been paid to endogenous counterinjury substances and mechanism. Previous reports reveal that the apelin-APJ axis is an endogenous counterinjury mechanism that has considerable function in protecting against infection, inflammation, oxidative stress, necrosis, and apoptosis in various organs. As an in vivo study, our study proved that the apelin/APJ axis protected the skin flap by alleviating vascular oxidative stress and the apelin/APJ axis works as an antioxidant stress factor dependent on CaMKK/AMPK/GSK3 signaling.

Glycyrrhizin inhibits osteoarthritis development through suppressing the PI3K/AKT/NF-κB signaling pathway in vivo and in vitro.

Osteoarthritis (OA) is a serious and frequently occurring disease in the elderly, characterized by cartilage degeneration and proliferation of bone structure. Glycyrrhizin, a compound extracted from licorice, has been reported to have various important biological activities, such as antioxidant properties and anti-inflammatory action. However, it has not been reported whether glycyrrhizin has a positive effect on OA development.

Vasculature Characterization of a Multiterritory Perforator Flap: An Experimental Study.

 Tip necrosis in the perforator flap is a significant problem in clinical practice. This study aimed to characterize the vasculature of a multiterritory perforator flap using a rat model and to investigate the impact of the vasculature on flap survival.  In total, 105 Sprague Dawley rats were divided into seven groups, including the control, 3 hours postoperative (PO), 12 hours PO, 1 day PO, 3 days PO, 5 days PO, and 7 days PO.

The Effect of Inducible Nitric Oxide Synthase on Multiterritory Perforator Flap Survival in Rats.

 Inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) plays an important role in vasodilation, angiogenesis, and ischemia-reperfusion injury. We investigated the effects of iNOS on the survival and choke vessels of multiterritory perforator flaps in rats.  In this study, 84 rats were divided into two groups of 42 rats each and subjected to multiterritory perforator flap operations.

Distribution of fibroblast growth factors and their roles in skin fibroblast cell migration.

Fibroblast growth factor (FGF)2/basic FGF is a member of the fibroblast growth factor family. Its function in skin wound healing has been well-characterized. However, the function of other FGFs in skin tissues remains to be elucidated.

[Clinical research of vacuum sealing drainage combined with artificial dermis for the treatment of ankle and foot soft tissue defects].

Objective: To investigate the effect of vacuum sealing drainage (VSD) combined with artificial dermis for treatment of the ankle and foot soft tissue defects.

Methods: A total of 15 patients with skin and soft tissue defect of ankle and foot were treated from January 2011 to December 2013, including 10 males and 5 females, with an average age of 32.5 years old ranging from 3 to 55 years old, involving 8 cases by traffic accident, 2 cases by machine accident, 5 cases by crush injury;8 cases with soft tissue exposure, 2 cases with tendor exposure, 5 cases with bone exposure.

[Predictive value of radiological parameter for re-displacement of conservative treatment of distal radius fracture].

Objective: To analyze the radiological parameters of the conservatively in treating distal radius fracture and investigate whether the final re-displacement can be predicted after primary reduction.

Methods: From January 2013 to June 2014,212 patients with distal radial fracture conservatively were treated in our hospital, 107 patients of them were excluded because of their incomplete radiological parameters;the remaining 105 patients were available for radiological were assessed after injury, there were 56 male patients and 49 female patients in this study, the average age of the patients was 51 years old (ranged from 22 to 80 years). According to AO classification, there were 47 cases of type A2 and C1, and 58 cases of type A3, C2, C3.

[Case-control study on therapeutic effects of different fixation methods for the treatment of olecranon fracture].

Objective: To evaluate the clinical effects by comparing three different fixation methods: tension band, hollow lag screw and anatomical plate.

Methods: From January 2010 to January 2012, 82 patients with olecranon fractures who underwent surgical treatments were followed-up. All the patients were divided into three groups: tension band fixation group (group A), hollow lag screw fixation group (group B), anatomical plate fixation (group C).

Correlation between E-cadherin-regulated cell adhesion and human osteosarcoma MG-63 cell anoikis.

Purpose: The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between cell adhesion and anoikis evasion among human osteosarcoma cells (MG-63), and to further study the molecular mechanisms.

Materials And Methods: Human osteosarcoma cells (MG-63) were assessed for apoptosis, and caspase-3, E-cadherin and β-catenin expression in EDTA and control non-EDTA groups.

Results: MG-63 cells were predominantly aggregated when in suspension, and the suspended cells were more dispersed in the EDTA group.

Nail Fusion Plasty: Nail Cosmetic Results and Assessment Criteria of Nail Reconstruction.

Purpose: This study aimed to develop a scoring system for evaluating the nail appearance after nail fusion plasty of the duplicated thumb, and to investigate the operation indication of the combination procedure and its effect on the postoperative nail appearance.

Methods: The nail fusion plasty technique was carried out in 20 patients with congenital thumb duplication. The patients were followed up to observe the appearance of nail, and the results were assessed by our nail appearance evaluation criteria.

[Characteristics and replantation of degloving injury of distal finger].

Objective: To explore clinical characteristics and replantation methods of degloving injury of distal finger.

Methods: From 2004 to 2009,18 cases of 19 distal finger degloving were admitted, and included 14 males and 4 femals with an average age of 31 years old ranging from 18 to 51 years old. The distal finger degloving injury was divided into 3 types according to the different levels of degloveing digital artery and skin involving 6 fingers of type I, 10 fingers of type II, 3 fingers of type III.

Functional motor nerve regeneration without motor-sensory specificity following end-to-side neurorrhaphy: an experimental study.

Purpose: To evaluate the quality of regenerating myelinated axons and motor-sensory specificity in an end-to-side nerve repair model.

Methods: We divided 20 rats into 3 groups: (1) end-to-side neurorrhaphy using the ulnar nerve as donor nerve and the musculocutaneous nerve as recipient nerve; (2) normal control; and (3) transected nerve with the stumps buried. At 5 months, we monitored the grooming test, the electrophysiological response, and the histologic changes in nerve and muscle.

[Effect of hirudin on random skin flap survival in rats].

Objective: To investigate the effect of Hirudin on random skin flap survival in rats.

Methods: 24 SD rats were randomly divided into control group and experimental group. The "McFarlane flap (3 cm x 9 cm)" rat models were established on the rat dorsum.

[Application of dorsal pentagonal flap for reconstruction of the web space in congenital syndactyly].

Objective: To investigate the therapeutic effect of dorsal pentagonal flap for reconstruction of the web space in congenital syndactyly.

Methods: From October 2007 to August 2009, 10 patients with congenital syndactyly were treated with dorsal pentagonal flap for web space reconstruction. During the follow-up period, the patients underwent finger functional assessment and web space appearance examination.

[Clinical significance of MESS scoring system in the treatment of fractures of lower limb combined with vascular injuries].

Objective: To study the clinical significance of MESS scoring system in the treatment of fractures of lower limb combined with vascular injuries, and to evaluate its reliance.

Methods: From March 2006 to March 2008, 28 patients with fractures of lower limb combined with vascular injuries were graded by MESS scoring system. There were 17 patients were male and 11 patients were female, ranging in age from 23 to 53 years, averaged 38 years.

Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma (PPAR-gamma) agonist inhibits transforming growth factor-beta1 and matrix production in human dermal fibroblasts.

Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma (PPAR-gamma) agonists are increasingly used in patients with diabetes, and some studies have suggested a beneficial effect on organ fibrosis, but their effects on dermal cell growth and extracellular matrix (ECM) turnover are unknown. To investigate the effect of the PPAR-gamma agonist troglitazone on cell growth and matrix production in human dermal fibroblasts (HDF), HDF were cultured and grown in a different concentration of troglitazone. PPAR-gamma expression and matrix production were measured in HDF in the presence of troglitazone.

Effect of camptothecin on collagen synthesis in fibroblasts from patients with keloid.

Keloids are distinguished by substantial deposition of collagen in the dermis, resulting in an imbalanced production and aggregation of extra cellular matrix. This study was undertaken to evaluate the effects of the topoisomerase I inhibitor camptothecin (CPT) on collagen synthesis in the activated dermal fibroblasts from healthy donors and patients with keloid. The fibroblasts were cultured in the presence or absence of CPT.