Correlation between Spectral CT Parameters and Ki67 Expression in Hepatocellular Carcinoma.

Objective: The objective of this study was to analyze the relationship between quantitative parameters of spectral CT and the Ki67 expression index of tumor cells in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC).

Methods: A total of 19 patients who underwent preoperative spectral CT dual-phase enhancement and who were diagnosed with HCC by postoperative pathology were prospectively selected. Patients with ≥10% Ki67-positive tumor cells formed a high-Ki67 group, and those with <10% Ki67- positive cells formed a low-Ki67 group.

N,N'-di-(m-methylphenyi)-3,6-dimethyl-1,4-dihydro-1,2,4,5-tetrazine-1,4-dicarboamide (ZGDHu-1) suppresses the proliferation of PANC-1 pancreatic cancer cells via apoptosis and G2/M cell cycle arrest.

Pancreatic cancer is one of the human gastrointestinal malignancies with a high mortality and poor prognosis. Approximately eighty percent of patients are diagnosed with unresectable or metastatic disease. Thus, development of novel chemicals in the treatment of pancreatic cancer is imperative.

ZGDHu-1 induces G₂/M phase arrest and apoptosis in Kasumi-1 cells.

The present study examined the effects of N,N'‑di‑(m‑methylphenyi)‑3, 6‑dimethyl‑1, 4‑dihydro‑1,2,4,5‑tetrazine‑1,4‑dicarboamide (ZGDHu‑1), a novel oxazine derivative, in Kasumi‑1 cells. Following incubation with various concentrations of ZGDHu‑1, fluorescence‑activated cell sorting (FACS) was used in order to detect changes in mitochondrial membrane permeability in Kasumi‑1 cells. Western blot analysis was performed in order to analyze the expression of nuclear factor‑κB, inhibitor of κB and AML1/ETO.

Synthesis, structure analysis, antitumor evaluation and 3D-QSAR studies of 3,6-disubstituted-dihydro-1,2,4,5-tetrazine derivatives.

3,6-Diaryl-dihydro-1,2,4,5-tetrazine derivatives were synthesized and their structures were confirmed by single-crystal X-ray diffraction. Monosubstituted dihydrotetrazines are the 1,4-dihydro structure, but disubstituted dihydrotetrazines are the 1,2-dihydro structure. The results of further research indicated there may be a rearrangement during the synthesis process of disubstituted dihydrotetrazines.

ZGDHu-1 promotes apoptosis of chronic lymphocytic leukemia cells.

Chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) is a low-grade lymphoid malignancy incurable with conventional modalities of chemotherapy. We aimed to examine the proapoptotic effects of a novel proteasome inhibitor, N,N'-di-(m-methylphenyi)-3,6- dimethyl-1,4-dihydro-1,2,4,5-tetrazine-1,4-dicarboamide (ZGDHu-1), on CLL cells. B lymphocytes were isolated from CLL patients and normal healthy controls, and treated with various concentrations of ZGDHu-1 for different days.

Synthesis, structure analysis, and antitumor evaluation of 3,6-dimethyl-1,2,4,5-tetrazine-1,4-dicarboxamide derivatives.

3,6-Dimethyl-1,2,4,5-tetrazine-1,4-dicarboxamide derivatives were synthesized, and their structures were confirmed by single-crystal X-ray diffraction. This reaction yields the 1,4-dicarboxamide derivatives rather than the 1,2-dicarboxamide derivatives. Their in vitro antitumor activities were evaluated against SGC-7901, HO-8910, MCF-7, and A-549 cells.

Synthesis of novel thiazolyl-pyrimidines and their anticancer activity in vitro.

A series of novel compounds 7-43 were prepared via the condensation of enaminones 4a-h and the guanidines carbonate 6a-f. The structures of these newly synthesized compounds were confirmed by (1) H-NMR, MS, EA and IR. All the compounds were tested for their cytotoxic activity in vitro against human cancer cell lines including Ishikawa, A549, BEL-7404, SPC-A-01 and SGC-7901.

N-(3-Meth-oxy-phen-yl)-4-{4-methyl-2-[(meth-yl)(4-methyl-phen-yl)amino]-1,3-thia-zol-5-yl}pyrimidin-2-amine.

The asymmetric unit of the title compound, C(23)H(23)N(5)OS, contains two independent mol-ecules. In one mol-ecule, the thia-zole and pyrimidine rings are almost co-planar, making a dihedral angle of 2.48 (8)°.

4-{2-[(3,4-Dichloro-phen-yl)(meth-yl)amino]-4-methyl-1,3-thia-zol-5-yl}-N-(3-methyl-phen-yl)pyrimidin-2-amine.

In the title compound, C(22)H(19)Cl(2)N(5)S, the thia-zole and pyrimidine rings are almost co-planar, making a dihedral angle of 6.48 (7)°. In the crystal, intermolecular N-H⋯N hydrogen bonds link pairs of molecules into centrosymmetric dimers.

4-{4-Methyl-2-[(meth-yl)(2-methyl-phen-yl)amino]-1,3-thia-zol-5-yl}-N-(3-methyl-phen-yl)pyrimidin-2-amine.

In the title compound, C(23)H(23)N(5)S, the thia-zole ring and pyrimidine ring are almost coplanar, making a dihedral angle of 4.02 (9)°. in the crystal, weak inter-molecular N-H⋯N inter-actions link pairs of molecules into centrosymmetric dimers.

[Apoptosis of human lung carcinoma cell line EBC-1 induced by N, N'-di-(m-methylphenyl)-3,6-dimethyl-1,4-dihydro-1,2,4,5-tetrazine-1,4-dicarboamide and its molecular mechanism].

Objective: To study whether N, N'-di-(m-methylphenyi)-3,6-dimethyl-1,4-dihydro-1,2,4,5-tetrazine-1,4-dicarboamide (ZGDHu-1) inhibits proliferation and induces apoptosis in human lung carcinoma cell line EBC-1 cells and its molecular mechanism.

Methods: Different concentrations of ZGDHu-1 and different times of culture were used to treat EBC-1 cells in vitro. The inhibition of proliferation was measured by BrdU-ELISA.

Synthesis and anticancer evaluation of thiazolyl-chalcones.

Thirty-seven (E)-1-(4-methyl-2-arylaminothiazol-5-yl)-3-arylprop-2-en-1-ones were synthesized via Claisen-Schmidt condensation of 1-(4-methyl-2-(arylamino)thiazol-5-yl)ethanone with the corresponding arylaldehydes. All these thiazolyl-chalcones were characterized and evaluated by MTT assay on human cancer cell lines BGC-823, PC-3, NCI-H460, BEL-7402 in vitro. Compounds 5, 8, 26, 37 and 41 are effective against cancer cell lines with IC(50)s below 10 μM.

Synthesis and anticancer evaluation of alpha-lipoic acid derivatives.

alpha-Lipoic acid derivatives were synthesized and evaluated for their in vitro anticancer activities against NCI-460, HO-8910, KB, BEL-7402, and PC-3 cell lines. The results, for most compounds exhibited dose-dependent inhibitory property and several compounds had good inhibitions at the dose of 100 microg/mL. Compound 17 m was further selected for in vivo evaluation against S180 xenograft in ICR mice, which had 24.

Vadimezan: 2-(5,6-dimethyl-9-oxo-9H-xanthen-4-yl)acetic acid.

In the title mol-ecule, C(17)H(14)O(4), the C atom of the carboxyl group deviates by 1.221 (3) Å from the plane [maximum deviation = 0.0122(2) Å] of the tricycic ring system.

Synthesis and biological evaluation of amide derivatives of diflunisal as potential anti-tumor agents.

To discover the new medicinal activity, the structure of diflunisal has been modified. Forty amide derivatives of diflunisal were synthesized starting from diflunisal in three steps. Their inhibition growth rate of human lung cancer cell (A549) and human endometrial adenocarcinoma cell (Ishikawa) in vitro was evaluated.

The synthesis and biological evaluation of some caffeic acid amide derivatives: E-2-cyano-(3-substituted phenyl)acrylamides.

A series of caffeic acid amide derivatives 2-cyano-(3-substituted phenyl)acrylamides were synthesized via Knoevenogal condensation of substituted benzaldehydes with cyanoacetamides. The structure of compound 1f was determined as E-isomer by X-ray diffractive analysis. The biological screening tests in vitro showed that compound 1b has obvious inhibitory activities against human gastric carcinoma cell line BGC-823, human nasopharyngeal carcinoma cell line KB and human hepatoma cell line BEL-7402 with IC(50) values of 5.

N-(3,4-Dichloro-phen-yl)thio-urea.

In the title compound, C(7)H(6)Cl(2)N(2)S, the benzene ring and the mean plane of the thio-urea fragment [-N-C(=S)-N] make a dihedral angle of 66.77 (3)°. Inter-molecular N-H⋯S and N-H⋯Cl hydrogen bonds link the mol-ecules into a three-dimensional network.

(E)-Ethyl 2-cyano-3-(3,4-dihydr-oxy-5-nitro-phen-yl)acrylate.

The title compound, C(12)H(10)N(2)O(6), was synthesized via a Knoevenagel condensation and crystallized from ethanol. In the crystal, strong classical inter-molecular O-H⋯O hydrogen bonds and weak C-H⋯N contacts link the mol-ecules into ribbons extending along [010]. Intra-molecular O-H⋯O and C-H⋯N contacts support the planar conformation of the mol-ecules (mean deivation 0.

Synthesis and biological evaluation of amide derivatives of diflunisal as potential anti-inflammatory agents.

To improve the medicinal activity, the structure of diflunisal has been modified. Twenty-one amide derivatives of diflunisal were synthesized starting from diflunisal in three steps with total yields from 72% to 89%. All compounds were identified by (1)H NMR, MS, and elemental analysis.

Synthesis of trans-caffeate analogues and their bioactivities against HIV-1 integrase and cancer cell lines.

Forty caffeate analogues were synthesized via a convenient method starting from vanillin with moderate to good yields. The testing of biological activity of these compounds against HIV-1 integrase indicates that four compounds: bornyl caffeate, bornyl 2-nitrocaffeate, 5-nitrocaffeic acid and 5-nitrocaffeic acid phenethyl ester (5-nitroCAPE) possess a good HIV integrase inhibitory activity, IC(50) 19.9, 26.

[ZGDHu-1-inducing apoptosis of SHI-1 leukemia cells and its molecular mechanism].

The aim of study was to investigate the mechanism of N, N'-di-(m-methylphenyl)-3, 6-dimethyl-1, 4-dihydro-1, 2, 4, 5-tetrazine-1, 4-dicarboamide (ZGDHu-1) inducing apoptosis in SHI-1 human leukemia cell line. Different concentrations of ZGDHu-1 and different times of culture were used to treat SHI-1 cells; the apoptosis of SHI-1 cells was analyzed by morphology, DNA agarose gel electrophoresis, DNA content detection, Annexin-V/PI and Hoechst33258 labeling method, the mitochondrial transmembrane potential (Delta Psi m) were measured by dihydrorhodamin 123, and expressions of bcl-2, bax, Fas, p53 and mitochondrial membrane protein were analyzed by flow cytometry, while the bcl-2, bax and p53 gene were analyzed by RT-PCR. The transcriptional level of hTERT-mRNA was measured by real-time fluorescence quantitative RT-PCR.

[Effect of ZGDHu-1 on proliferation and apoptosis of A549 cells in vitro and antitumor activity in vivo].

This study is to explore the mechanism and effect of N, N'-di-(m-methylphenyl)-3, 6-dimethyl-1, 4-dihydro-1, 2, 4, 5-tetrazine-1, 4-dicarboamide (ZGDHu-1) on proliferation and apoptosis of A549 cells in vitro and on A549 xenograft tumor in nude mice. With different concentrations of ZGDHu-1 at different times were used to treat A549 cells in vitro. The proliferation was determined by living cell count, SRB assay and Brdu-ELISA.

[Effects of N, N-di-(m-methylphenyl)-3, 6-dimethyl-1, 4-dihydro-1,2,4, 5-tetrazine-1,4-dicarboxamide (ZGDhu-1) on SHI-1 leukemia cells in vitro].

Objective: To study the effect of ZGDHu-1 on proliferation, differentiation and apoptosis in SHI-1 human leukemia cell line and explore its possible mechanism. Methods SHI-1 cells were cultured with different concentration of ZGDHu-1 and for different time. The cell proliferation was analysed by cell counting, alive cell count, MTT assay and Brdu-ELISA.

[Effects of N, N'-Di-(m-methylphenyi)-3, 6-dimethyl-1, 4-dihydro-1, 2, 4, 5-tetrazine-1, 4-dicarboamide on proliferation, apoptosis and differentiation of NB4 leukemia cells in vitro].

The purpose of this study was to explore the effect of N, N'-di-(m-methylphenyi)-3, 6-dimethyl-1, 4-dihydro-1, 2, 4, 5-tetrazine-1, 4-dicarboamide (ZGDHu-1) on proliferation, differentiation and apoptosis in NB4 human leukemia cell line and its possible mechanism. Different concentrations of ZGDHu-1 and the different time of cultivation were used to treat NB4 cells. The proliferation inhibition of NB4 cells was analysed by cell counting, alive cell count, MTT assay.

Synthesis, structure analysis, and antitumor activity of 3,6-disubstituted-1,4-dihydro-1,2,4,5-tetrazine derivatives.

Fourteen compounds of 3,6-disubstituted-1,4-dihydro-1,2,4,5-tetrazine derivatives were prepared and their structures were confirmed by single-crystal X-ray diffraction and the semi-empirical calculation of PM3 method. This reaction yields the 1,4-dihydro derivatives rather than the 1,2-dihydro derivatives. The central six-membered ring of 1,4-dihydro-1,2,4,5-tetrazine has a chair conformation and therefore is not homoaromatic.