Early Life Stress Induces Different Behaviors in Adolescence and Adulthood May Related With Abnormal Medial Prefrontal Cortex Excitation/Inhibition Balance.

Early life stress is thought to be a risk factor for emotional disorders, particularly depression and anxiety. Although the excitation/inhibition (E/I) imbalance has been implicated in neuropsychiatric disorders, whether early life stress affects the E/I balance in the medial prefrontal cortex at various developmental stages is unclear. In this study, rats exposed to maternal separation (MS) that exhibited a well-established early life stress paradigm were used to evaluate the E/I balance in adolescence (postnatal day P43-60) and adulthood (P82-100) by behavior tests, whole-cell recordings, and microdialysis coupled with high performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (HPLC-MS) analysis.

Protective effects of Naoxintong capsule alone and in combination with ticagrelor and atorvastatin in rats with Qi deficiency and blood stasis syndrome.

Context: Naoxintong Capsule (NXT), a Chinese medicine, has been widely used for the treatment of coronary heart disease (CHD) in clinics.

Objective: This study evaluated the cardioprotective effects of NXT alone and in combination with ticagrelor (TIC) and atorvastatin (ATO).

Materials And Methods: Qi deficiency and blood stasis rats were established by 8 weeks high fat diet feeding and 16 days exhaustive swimming and randomly divided into seven groups, that is, NXT (250, 500 and 1000 mg/kg/d), TIC (20 mg/kg/d), ATO (8 mg/kg/d), NXT (500 mg/kg/d)+TIC (20 mg/kg/d) and NXT (500 mg/kg/d)+ATO (8 mg/kg/d) group, with oral administration for 12 weeks.

Role of community-based active case finding in screening tuberculosis in Yunnan province of China.

Background: The barriers to access diagnosis and receive treatment, in addition to insufficient case identification and reporting, lead to tuberculosis (TB) spreads in communities, especially among hard-to-reach populations. This study evaluated a community-based active case finding (ACF) strategy for the detection of tuberculosis cases among high-risk groups and general population in China between 2013 and 2015.

Methods: This retrospective cohort study conducted an ACF in ten communities of Dongchuan County, located in northeast Yunnan Province between 2013 and 2015; and compared to 136 communities that had passive case finding (PCF).

Naoxintong Capsule Inhibits the Development of Cardiovascular Pathological Changes in Bama Minipig Through Improving Gut Microbiota.

Naoxintong capsule (NXT), a Chinese medicine, has performed excellent effects on the prevention and treatment against cardiovascular diseases. NXT is a fine powder mixture without any herb extraction, and there must be lots of ingredients hard to be absorbed. However, little is known about the correlation between the NXT's cardioprotective effects and gut microbiota.

Pharmacodynamic effects of Dan-hong injection in rats with blood stasis syndrome.

Dan-hong injection (DHI) is extracted from Salvia miltiorrhiza (SM) and Carthamus tinctorius (CT) and is widely used for the treatment of cardiovascular diseases. Our previous results showed DHI could improve hemorheology in rats. Since complex cellular interactions such as inflammation and oxidative stress are believed to be implicated in the pathogenesis of cardiovascular events, investigation of such pathological factors will contribute substantially to the understanding of the features and mechanisms of DHI.

Regulation effects of naringin on diesel particulate matter-induced abnormal airway surface liquid secretion.

Background: PM is closely related to the incidence and mortality of respiratory diseases. Diesel particulate matter (DPM) is the main component of particulate air pollution and an important source of PM.

Hypothesis/purpose: This study mainly explored the effect of DPM on airway surface liquid (ASL) secretion and the regulation of naringin in this process, to evaluate therapeutic potentials of naringin for the treatment of abnormal secretion of the respiratory tract caused by PM.

Naringin and Naringenin Relax Rat Tracheal Smooth by Regulating BK Activation.

Naringin and its aglycone, naringenin, occur naturally in our regular diet and traditional Chinese medicines. This study aimed to detect an effective therapeutic approach for cough variant asthma (CVA) through evaluating the relaxant effect of these two bioactive herbal monomers as antitussive and antiasthmatic on rat tracheal smooth muscle. The relaxant effect was determined by measuring muscular tension with a mechanical recording system in rat tracheal rings.

Primary alveolar rhabdomyosarcoma of retrorectal-presacral space in an adult patient: A case report of an uncommon tumor with rare presentation.

Rationale: Rhabdomyosarcoma (RMS) has known as a highly malignant soft tissue sarcoma, representing 5% to 10% of all solid tumors in childhood. Alveolar rhabdomyosarcoma (ARMS) of the retrorectal-presacral space is an extremely rare lesion for adult, no study has been reported in the English literature.

Patient Concerns: A 51-year-old male presented with abdominal pain for 1 month, significantly worse when having a bowel movement.

Evaluation of neuroactive effects of ethanol extract of Schisandra chinensis, Schisandrin, and Schisandrin B and determination of underlying mechanisms by zebrafish behavioral profiling.

Schisandra chinensis, a traditional Chinese medicine (TCM), has been used to treat sleep disorders. Zebrafish sleep/wake behavioral profiling provides a high-throughput platform to screen chemicals, but has never been used to study extracts and components from TCM. In the present study, the ethanol extract of Schisandra chinensis and its two main lignin components, schisandrin and schisandrin B, were studied in zebrafish.

Characterisation and classification of Citri Reticulatae Pericarpium varieties based on UHPLC-Q-TOF-MS/MS combined with multivariate statistical analyses.

Introduction: Citri Reticulatae Pericarpium (CRP), comprising dried pericarps of Citrus reticulata Blanco and its cultivars, is popularly used for its great medicinal and dietary values. Generally, the pericarps from C. reticulate "Chachi" ("Guangchenpi" in Chinese, GCP) is considered to have superior qualities and merit premium price compared with CRP derived from other cultivars (collectively called "Chenpi" in Chinese, CP).

Decreased Methylation of IFNAR Gene Promoter from Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells Is Associated with Oxidative Stress in Chronic Hepatitis B.

Type I interferons (IFNs) play an antiviral effect by binding to type I interferon receptor (IFNAR). Oxidative stress might induce the gene promoter methylation. The purpose of our study was to evaluate the potential relationship between the methylation of IFNAR promoter and the status of oxidative stress in chronic hepatitis B (CHB).

Antioxidant Activity and Hepatoprotective Potential of Quercetin 7-Rhamnoside In Vitro and In Vivo.

is traditionally used as a folk medicine to treat cholestasis and hepatitis. Quercetin 7-rhamnoside (Q7R) is one of the main flavonoid components of and has been rarely studied. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the antioxidant activity and hepatoprotective potential of Q7R.

Chromatogram-Bioactivity Correlation-Based Discovery and Identification of Three Bioactive Compounds Affecting Endothelial Function in Ginkgo Biloba Extract.

Discovery and identification of three bioactive compounds affecting endothelial function in Extract (GBE) based on chromatogram-bioactivity correlation analysis. Three portions were separated from GBE via D101 macroporous resin and then re-combined to prepare nine GBE samples. 21 compounds in GBE samples were identified through UFLC-DAD-Q-TOF-MS/MS.

An experimental model for hypertensive crises emergencies: Long-term high-fat diet followed by acute vasoconstriction stress on spontaneously hypertensive rats.

Currently, the prevention and treatment of hypertensive crises especially when it occurs with serious adverse outcomes have led to worldwide controversy. Despite of clinical possibilities of multiple agents, clinical failures still occur frequently. Therefore, early evaluations and observations of different therapies on appropriate animals should be emphasized.

Preparative expression and purification of a nacreous protein N16 and testing its effect on osteoporosis rat model.

N16, a nacreous protein isolated from Pinctada martensii, is related to nacreous layer formation. Our previous study indicated that N16 showed dual regulatory effects by inducing osteoblast biomineralization as well as inhibiting osteoclast formation. In order to obtain large quantity of N16 for animal experiment and clinical trial, a fermentation and preparative purification method was established.

Naringenin Regulates CFTR Activation and Expression in Airway Epithelial Cells.

Background/aims: Sputum symptoms are commonly seen in the elderly. This study aimed to identify an efficacious expectorant treatment stratagem through evaluating the secretion-promoting activation and cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) expression of the bioactive herbal monomer naringenin.

Methods: Vectorial Cl- transport was determined by measuring short-circuit current (ISC) in rat airway epithelium.

N16, a Nacreous Protein, Inhibits Osteoclast Differentiation and Enhances Osteogenesis.

N16 is a protein from the nacreous layer of Pinctada fucata, a pearl oyster. It has been found to promote biomineralization, and we hypothesized that it also plays a role in bone metabolism. The cDNA of N16 was cloned and expressed in Escherichia coli to produce N16 protein, which was purified to high homogeneity by ion-exchange and gel filtration columns.

Discovery of Anti-inflammatory Ingredients in Chinese Herbal Formula Kouyanqing Granule based on Relevance Analysis between Chemical Characters and Biological Effects.

Kouyanqing Granule (KYQG) is a traditional Chinese herbal formula composed of Flos lonicerae (FL), Radix scrophulariae (RS), Radix ophiopogonis (RO), Radix asparagi (RA), and Radix et rhizoma glycyrrhizae (RG). In contrast with the typical method of separating and then biologicalily testing the components individually, this study was designed to establish an approach in order to define the core bioactive ingredients of the anti-inflammatory effects of KYQG based on the relevance analysis between chemical characters and biological effects. Eleven KYQG samples with different ingredients were prepared by changing the ratios of the 5 herbs.

Therapeutic effects of naringin in a guinea pig model of ovalbumin-induced cough-variant asthma.

Naringin, a well known component isolated from Exocarpium Citri Grandis, has significant antitussive effects. Recently, Naringin exhibited novel anti-inflammatory effect in chronic inflammatory diseases. In this work, we firstly evaluated the effects of naringin on enhanced cough, airway hyper-responsiveness (AHR), and airway inflammation in an ovalbumin-induced experimental cough-variant asthma (CVA) model in guinea pigs.

Core bioactive components promoting blood circulation in the traditional Chinese medicine compound xueshuantong capsule (CXC) based on the relevance analysis between chemical HPLC fingerprint and in vivo biological effects.

Compound xueshuantong capsule (CXC) is an oral traditional Chinese herbal formula (CHF) comprised of Panax notoginseng (PN), Radix astragali (RA), Salvia miltiorrhizae (SM), and Radix scrophulariaceae (RS). The present investigation was designed to explore the core bioactive components promoting blood circulation in CXC using high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and animal studies. CXC samples were prepared with different proportions of the 4 herbs according to a four-factor, nine-level uniform design.

Loss of ceramide kinase in Arabidopsis impairs defenses and promotes ceramide accumulation and mitochondrial H2O2 bursts.

Arabidopsis thaliana plants that lack ceramide kinase, encoded by ACCELERATED CELL DEATH5 (ACD5), display spontaneous programmed cell death late in development and accumulate substrates of ACD5. Here, we compared ceramide accumulation kinetics, defense responses, ultrastructural features, and sites of reactive oxygen species (ROS) production in wild-type and acd5 plants during development and/or Botrytis cinerea infection. Quantitative sphingolipid profiling indicated that ceramide accumulation in acd5 paralleled the appearance of spontaneous cell death, and it was accompanied by autophagy and mitochondrial ROS accumulation.

Mucoactive effects of naringin in lipopolysaccharide-induced acute lung injury mice and beagle dogs.

Our previous study has demonstrated that naringin attenuates EGF-induced MUC5AC hypersecretion in A549 cells by suppressing the cooperative activities of MAPKs/AP-1 and IKKs/IκB/NF-κB signaling pathways. However, the volume of airway mucus is determined by two factors including the number of mucous cells and capacity of mucus secretion. The aim of the present study is to explore the mucoactive effects of naringin in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced acute lung injury (ALI) mice and beagle dogs.

[Quantitative analysis of six flavonoids of hongzhu capsule by QAMS].

Objective: To establish a method of quality assurance for mass-screening (QAMS) for simultaneously determining six flavonoids in Hongzhu Capsules.

Methods: An HPLC (high performance liquid chromatography) method was developed as QAMS to determine neoeriocitrin, prunin, naringin, rhoifolin, miliditin and naringenin in Hongzhu Capsules. Using naringin as the internal reference substance, relative correction factors (RCF) of the five flavonoids were determined and given as follows (1.