Therapeutic Effects of Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation on Visuospatial Neglect Revealed With Event-Related Potentials.

This study aimed to investigate changes in attention processing after low-frequency repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) over the left posterior parietal cortex to better understand its role in visuospatial neglect (VSN) rehabilitation. The current study included 10 subacute stroke patients with VSN consecutively recruited from the inpatient stroke rehabilitation center at Xuanwu Hospital (the teaching hospital affiliated with Capital Medical University) between March and November 2019. All patients performed a battery of tasks (including line bisection, line cancellation, and star cancellation tests) two weeks before treatment and at the beginning and end of treatment; the attentive components of the test results were analyzed.

Recovery from prolonged disorders of consciousness: A dual-center prospective cohort study in China.

Background: Recent innovations in intensive care have improved the prognosis of patients with severe brain injuries and brought more patients with disorders of consciousness (DoC). Data are lacking regarding the long-term outcomes of those patients in China. It is necessary to study the long-term outcomes of patients with prolonged DoC in light of many factors likely to influence crucial decisions about their care and their life.

Visual-spatial neglect after right-hemisphere stroke: behavioral and electrophysiological evidence.

Background: Visual-spatial neglect (VSN) is a neuropsychological syndrome, and right-hemisphere stroke is the most common cause. The pathogenetic mechanism of VSN remains unclear. This study aimed to investigate the behavioral and event-related potential (ERP) changes in patients with or without VSN after right-hemisphere stroke.

Low frequency repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation improves motor dysfunction after cerebral infarction.

Low frequency (≤ 1 Hz) repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) can affect the excitability of the cerebral cortex and synaptic plasticity. Although this is a common method for clinical treatment of cerebral infarction, whether it promotes the recovery of motor function remains controversial. Twenty patients with cerebral infarction combined with hemiparalysis were equally and randomly divided into a low frequency rTMS group and a control group.

Application of noninvasive brain stimulation for post-stroke dysphagia rehabilitation.

Noninvasive brain stimulation (NIBS), commonly consisting of transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS), transcranial direct-current stimulation (tDCS), as well as paired associative stimulation (PAS), has attracted increased interest and been applied experimentally in the treatment of post-stroke dysphagia (PSD). This review presented a synopsis of the current research for the application of NIBS on PSD. The intention here was to understand the current research progress and limitations in this field and to stimulate potential research questions not yet investigated for the application of NIBS on patients with PSD.

Connecting the P300 to the diagnosis and prognosis of unconscious patients.

The residual consciousness of unconscious patients can be detected by studying the P300, a wave among event-related potentials. Previous studies have applied tones, the subject's name and other names as stimuli. However, the results were not satisfactory.

Evaluation of spasticity after stroke by using ultrasound to measure the muscle architecture parameters: a clinical study.

Objective: This study aims to compare the difference and the change trend of Muscle Architecture Parameters (MAP) between spastic and normal muscle tone patients after stroke, and analysis the application and value of Muscle Architecture Parameters in evaluating spasticity after stroke.

Methods: 41 stroke patients were divided into spastic group (26 cases), normal muscle tone control group (15 cases). Modified Ashworth Scale (MAS) was applied in both groups for assessing muscle tone of lower limbs (no influence, contralateral).

Measuring interconnection of the residual cortical functional islands in persistent vegetative state and minimal conscious state with EEG nonlinear analysis.

Objectives: The aim of the study is to investigate the cortical response to painful and auditory stimuli for subjects in persistent vegetative state (PVS) and minimal conscious state (MCS), and measure the interconnection of the residual cortical functional islands with electroencephalographic (EEG) nonlinear dynamic analysis (NDA).

Methods: Thirty PVS subjects, 20 MCS subjects and 30 subjects in normal conscious state (NCS) were involved in the study. EEG was recorded under three conditions: eyes closed, auditory stimuli and painful stimuli.

Application of nonlinear dynamics analysis in assessing unconsciousness: a preliminary study.

Objectives: To quantify the degree of unconsciousness with EEG nonlinear analysis and investigate the change of EEG nonlinear properties under different conditions.

Methods: Twenty-one subjects in persistent vegetative state (PVS), 16 in minimally conscious state (MCS) and 30 normal conscious subjects (control group) with brain trauma or stroke were involved in the study. EEG was recorded under three conditions: eyes closed, auditory stimuli and painful stimuli.

Brain dynamic mechanisms of scale effect in visual spatial attention.

The dynamic mechanisms of the early event-related potential scale effect of different attentive regions in the brain was studied. The paradigm of this experiment is the precue-target visual search paradigm by event-related potential technique. The results showed that the reaction time was shortened with the reduction of cue scale, a cue to how big the search area would be, and fixed target stimulus, while the amplitudes of P1 and N1 components of event-related potentials increased.

[Aging study of event-related potential on visual spatial attention precued by Chinese words].

Objective: Based on the visual experimental paradigm "precue-target", the search range should be affected by different Chinese characters and the dynamic mechanisms of aging in the brain on the visual attention were investigated.

Method: 16 young and 16 old subjects participated the experiment. Cue was comprised of three Chinese words "Large", or "Median" or "Small.

[Early scale effects of the visual spatial attention].

Objective: To investigate the visual attention mechanisms of brain, the "cue-target" experimental paradigm was adopted, and the attended range was cued by different Chinese characters.

Method: Sixteen healthy young participants (8 male and 8 female, 19-24 years old with an average of 21) served as the subjects. The stimulus sequence was "background-cue-target".