Exploring Oxidative Stress and Metabolic Dysregulation in Lung Tissues of Offspring Rats Exposed to Prenatal Polystyrene Microplastics: Effects of Melatonin Treatment.

Metabolomics research provides a clearer understanding of an organism's metabolic state and enables a more accurate representation of its functional performance. This study aimed to investigate changes in the metabolome of lung tissues resulting from prenatal exposure to polystyrene microplastics (PS-MPs) and to understand the underlying mechanisms of lung damage in rat offspring. We conducted metabolomic analyses of lung tissue from seven-day-old rat pups exposed to prenatal PS-MPs.

Lactoferrin in Pediatric Chronic Kidney Disease and Its Relationship with Cardiovascular Risk.

Background: Pediatric CKD is associated with a high risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD). Early detection of subclinical CVD in childhood CKD can be achieved through various cardiovascular (CV) assessments, including carotid intima-media thickness (cIMT), ambulatory blood pressure monitoring (ABPM), and arterial stiffness indices. Lactoferrin (LF), a key functional glycoprotein found in breast milk, has been linked to several diseases and has potential as a biomarker.

Assessing the fate, toxicity, and ecological risk of mixtures of di(2-ethylhexyl)phthalate and di-n-butylphthalate using aquatic and terrestrial microcosms.

Di(2-ethylhexyl)phthalate (DEHP) and di-n-butylphthalate (DBP) frequently coexist in different environmental compartments. Thus, in this study, model aquatic and terrestrial microcosms were prepared to analyze the combined effect of DEHP and DBP on their fate, toxicity, and ecological risk. In the aquatic microcosms, with the addition of the same amount of DEHP and DBP, a higher total amount of DEHP was detected in water, suspended particles, and sediment than DBP due to the higher K and half-life of DEHP than DBP.

Lactoferrin Supplementation during Pregnancy and Lactation Protects Adult Male Rat Offspring from Hypertension Induced by Maternal Adenine Diet.

Lactoferrin, a glycoprotein derived from breastmilk, is recognized for its health benefits in infants and children; however, its protective effects when administered during gestation and lactation against offspring hypertension remain unclear. This study aimed to investigate whether maternal lactoferrin supplementation could prevent hypertension in offspring born to mothers with chronic kidney disease (CKD), with a focus on nitric oxide (NO), renin-angiotensin system (RAS) regulation, and alterations in gut microbiota and short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs). Prior to pregnancy, female rats were subjected to a 0.

Cell-Electrode Models for Impedance Analysis of Epithelial and Endothelial Monolayers Cultured on Microelectrodes.

Electric cell-substrate impedance sensing has been used to measure transepithelial and transendothelial impedances of cultured cell layers and extract cell parameters such as junctional resistance, cell-substrate separation, and membrane capacitance. Previously, a three-path cell-electrode model comprising two transcellular pathways and one paracellular pathway was developed for the impedance analysis of MDCK cells. By ignoring the resistances of the lateral intercellular spaces, we develop a simplified three-path model for the impedance analysis of epithelial cells and solve the model equations in a closed form.

Plasma and Urinary Platelet Factor 4 as Biomarkers for Cardiovascular Risk in Children with Chronic Kidney Disease.

Children suffering from chronic kidney disease (CKD) have a high risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD). The early detection and diagnosis of subclinical CVD in pediatric CKD can reduce mortality later in life. Plasma factor 4 (PF4) is a chemokine released by activated platelets.

Pregnancy Zone Protein as an Emerging Biomarker for Cardiovascular Risk in Pediatric Chronic Kidney Disease.

Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is a significant cause of mortality and morbidity among children with chronic kidney disease (CKD). The causes of pediatric CKD differ from those in adults, as congenital anomalies in the kidney and urinary tract (CAKUT) are the leading causes in childhood. Identifying ideal markers of CVD risk early is crucial for CKD children to improve their care.

Dopamine-dependent functions of hyaluronic acid/dopamine/silk fibroin hydrogels that highly enhance N-acetyl-L-cysteine (NAC) delivered from nasal cavity to brain tissue through a near-infrared photothermal effect on the NAC-loaded hydrogels.

Hyaluronic acid/silk fibroin (HA/SF or HS) hydrogels with remarkable mechanical characteristics have been reported as tissue engineering biomaterials. Herein, the addition of dopamine/polydopamine (DA/PDA) to HS hydrogels to develop multifunctional HA/PDA/SF (or HDS) hydrogels for the delivery of drugs such as N-acetyl-L-cysteine (NAC) from nasal to brain tissue is examined. Herein, DA-dependent functions of HDS hydrogels with highly adhesive forces, photothermal response (PTR) effects generated by near infrared (NIR) irradiation, and anti-oxidative effects were demonstrated.

Development of a Rare Earth Nanoprobe Enables In Vivo Real-Time Detection of Sentinel Lymph Node Metastasis of Breast Cancer Using NIR-IIb Imaging.

Unlabelled: Sentinel lymph node (SLN) biopsy plays a critical role in axillary staging of breast cancer. However, traditional SLN mapping does not accurately discern the presence or absence of metastatic disease. Detection of SLN metastasis largely hinges on examination of frozen sections or paraffin-embedded tissues post-SLN biopsy.

Polypyrrole-induced active-edge-S and high-valence-Mo reinforced composites with boosted electrochemical performance for the determination of 2,4,6-trichlorophenol in the aquatic environment.

With the extensive application of halogenated aromatic compounds, including 2,4,6-Trichlorophenol (2,4,6-TCP), improper treatment or discharge contribute to persistently harmful effects on humans and the ecosystem, rendering the identification and monitoring of 2,4,6-TCP in the aquatic environment urgently required. In this study, a highly sensitive electrochemical platform was developed using active-edge-S and high-valence-Mo rich MoS/polypyrrole composites. MoS/PPy illustrates superior electrochemical performance and catalytic activity and has not been explored for detecting chlorinated phenols previously.

[Research Progress of Next Generation Sequencing in Acute Leukemia --Review].

With the advent of precision medicine, next-generation sequencing (NGS) is playing an increasingly important role in clinical oncology diagnosis and treatment with its advantages of high sensitivity, high accuracy, high efficiency and operability. NGS reveals the genetic characteristics of acute leukemia(AL) patients by screening for specific disease-causing genes to identify occult as well as complex genetic mutations in patients with AL, leading to early diagnosis and targeted drug therapy for AL patients, as well as to predict disease recurrence by detecting mnimal residual disease (MRD) and analyzing mutated genes to determine patient prognosis. NGS plays an increasingly important role in the diagnosis, treatment and prognosis assessment in AL, providing a direction for the pursuit of precision medicine.

Novel Self-Assembled Multifunctional Nanoprobes for Second-Near-Infrared-Fluorescence-Image-Guided Breast Cancer Surgery and Enhanced Radiotherapy Efficacy.

Breast-conserving surgery (BCS) is the predominant treatment approach for initial breast cancer. However, due to a lack of effective methods evaluating BCS margins, local recurrence caused by positive margins remains an issue. Accordingly, radiation therapy (RT) is a common modality in patients with advanced breast cancer.

Correction: The development of surgical risk score and evaluation of necrotizing soft tissue infection in 161 Naja atra envenomed patients.

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1371/journal.pntd.

Multifaceted Sulfone-Carbazole-Based D-A-D Materials: A Blue Fluorescent Emitter as a Host for Phosphorescent OLEDs and Triplet-Triplet Annihilation Up-Conversion Electroluminescence.

Electroluminescence (EL) from the singlet-excited (S) state is the ideal choice for stable, high-performing deep-blue organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs) owing to the advantages of an adequately short radiative lifetime, improved device durability, and low cost, which are the most important criteria for their commercialization. Herein, we present the design and synthesis of three donor-acceptor-donor (D-A-D)-configured deep-blue fluorescent materials (denoted as , , and ) composed of a thioxanthone or diphenyl sulfonyl acceptor and phenyl carbazolyl donor. These systems exhibit strong deep-blue photoluminescence (422-432 nm) in solutions and redshifted emission (472-486 nm) in thin films.

Hydrogen Sulfide-to-Thiosulfate Ratio Associated with Blood Pressure Abnormalities in Pediatric CKD.

Identifying children with chronic kidney disease (CKD) at high risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD) and ensuring they receive appropriate treatment can prevent CVD events and mortality later in life. Hydrogen sulfide (HS) is a gaseous signaling molecule participating in CVD and CKD. Thiosulfate is not only an oxidation product of HS but is also a HS donor.

Association between polarity of first episode and solar insolation in bipolar I disorder.

Objective: Circadian rhythm disruption is commonly observed in bipolar disorder (BD). Daylight is the most powerful signal to entrain the human circadian clock system. This exploratory study investigated if solar insolation at the onset location was associated with the polarity of the first episode of BD I.

Haloperidol and Other Antipsychotics Exposure before Endometrial Cancer Diagnosis: A Population-based Case-control Study.

Objective: Endometrial cancer is the most common malignancy of the female genital tract worldwide, and the associated relationship between endometrial cancer formation and various antipsychotics need to be confirmed.

Methods: We conducted a case-control study by using data from Taiwan National Health Insurance Research Database to compare individual antipsychotic exposure between females with and without endometrial cancer. Among 14,079,089 females in the 12-year population-based national dataset, 9,502 females with endometrial cancer were identified.

Application of molecular imaging in immune checkpoints therapy: From response assessment to prognosis prediction.

Recently, immune checkpoint therapy (ICT) represented by programmed cell death1 (PD-1) and its major ligands, programmed death ligand 1 (PD-L1), has achieved significant success. Detection of PD-L1 by immunohistochemistry (IHC) is a classic method to guide the treatment of ICT patients. However, PD-L1 expression in the tumor microenvironment is highly complex.

Complement Factor H and Related Proteins as Markers of Cardiovascular Risk in Pediatric Chronic Kidney Disease.

Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the main cause of mortality among chronic kidney disease (CKD) patients, both in adults and in children. Hypertension is one of the risk factors of CVD. For early detection of subclinical CVD in pediatric CKD, 24 h ambulatory blood pressure monitoring (ABPM), cardiosonography, and arterial stiffness assessment were evaluated.