Planar Tetracoordinate Silicon in SiCu Cluster.

Photoelectron spectroscopy and theoretical calculations have identified the global minimum structure of the 16-valence electron SiCu cluster, which features a planar tetracoordinate silicon (ptSi) in a rhombic arrangement. The Si and Cu triangles are interconnected by a Si/Cu edge, forming an ordered chain-like structure. Besides the conventional 2c-2e σ-bond connecting Si and Cu, the stability of this cluster is reinforced by a delocalized 3c-2e σ-bond in Cu and a π-bond in Si.

Photoelectron Spectroscopy and Theoretical Studies on the Structures and Properties of GeC and GeCH Clusters.

We investigate the structures and properties of GeC and GeCH clusters using anion photoelectron spectroscopy and theoretical calculations. Our calculations show that the first two low-lying isomers coexist in the experiments of GeC and GeCH. The first two low-lying isomers of GeC have trigonal bipyramidal structures with the C atom on the equatorial plane and the top vertex, respectively.

Pentacoordinated pyramidal structures and bonding properties of WN: anion photoelectron spectroscopy and theoretical calculations.

Anion photoelectron spectroscopy and theoretical calculations were used to investigate the structural and bonding properties of WN. The electron affinity of WN is measured to be 1.582 ± 0.

Hexagonal Bipyramidal MnGe Cluster and Its One-Dimensional Ferrimagnetic Sandwich Nanowire: MnGe Rings as Structural Motifs.

Bipyramidal structures featuring planar rings serve as potential building blocks for one-dimensional (1D) nanostructures. Pure Ge atoms typically prefer to form three-dimensional rather than planar structures. Although a few-metal-doped bipyramids with pure Ge planar rings are predicted for constructing Ge-based 1D nanostructures, there is limited knowledge about those with both Ge and doped atoms on the same planar rings.

Effects of cooking with solid fuel on hearing loss in Chinese adults-Based on two cohort studies.

The association between cooking fuel and hearing loss still needs more research to clarify, and two longitudinal cohort studies were explored to find if solid fuel use for cooking affected hearing in Chinese adults. The data from Chinese Health and Retirement Longitudinal Survey (CHARLS) and Chinese Longitudinal Healthy Longevity Survey (CLHLS) were analyzed. Participants (older than 18) without hearing loss at baseline and follow-up visits were included, which were divided into clean fuel and solid fuel groups.

Soybean steroids improve crop abiotic stress tolerance and increase yield.

Sterols have long been associated with diverse fields, such as cancer treatment, drug development, and plant growth; however, their underlying mechanisms and functions remain enigmatic. Here, we unveil a critical role played by a GmNF-YC9-mediated CCAAT-box transcription complex in modulating the steroid metabolism pathway within soybeans. Specifically, this complex directly activates squalene monooxygenase (GmSQE1), which is a rate-limiting enzyme in steroid synthesis.

Unusually High-Spin FeC Metallo-Carbohedrene Clusters.

Ferromagnets constructed from nanometals of atomic precision are important for innovative advances in information storage, energy conversion, and spintronic microdevices. Considerable success has been achieved in designing molecular magnets, which, however, are challenging in preparation and may suffer from drawbacks on the incompatibility of high stability and strong ferromagnetism. Utilizing a state-of-the-art self-developed mass spectrometer and a homemade laser vaporization source, we have achieved a highly efficient preparation of pure iron clusters, and here, we report the finding of a strongly ferromagnetic metal-carbon cluster, FeC, simply by reacting the Fe clusters with acetylene in proper conditions.

Anion Photoelectron Spectroscopy and Theoretical Studies of GeO ( = 1-3) Clusters with the Symmetric Ge Structural Unit.

We investigate GeO ( = 1-3) clusters using anion photoelectron spectroscopy and theoretical calculations. The results show that the lowest energy structure of GeO is a bent symmetric trigonal bipyramidal structure, while GeO has a symmetric trigonal bipyramidal structure. GeO has two coexisting low-lying isomers, the first one can be viewed as a GeO unit interacting with a Ge trigonal bipyramid, the second one can be regarded as an O atom interacting with a Ge pentagonal bipyramid; whereas GeO has a symmetric structure with a Ge atom and an O atom capping a Ge trigonal antiprism from the bottom and top, respectively.

Structures and Properties of Planar GeO Cluster and Its Buckled Honeycomb Two-Dimensional Nanostructure.

The discovery of graphene and its excellent properties inspired the search for more two-dimensional (2D) materials. Understanding the structures and properties of the smallest repeating units as well as crystal 2D materials is helpful for designing 2D materials. As germanium tends to form three-dimensional structures, the preparation of germanium-based 2D nanomaterials is still a challenge.

Structural Evolution and Electronic Properties of VSi ( = 7-14) Clusters: Anion Photoelectron Spectroscopy and Theoretical Calculations.

A systematic study of the structures and electronic properties of V-doped silicon clusters, VSi ( = 7-14), was carried out by anion photoelectron spectroscopic experiments combined with theoretical calculations. According to the experimental spectra of VSi ( = 7-14) clusters, the VSi cluster has the highest vertical detachment energy (VDE) of 3.66 eV, while VSi and VSi clusters have lower VDEs of 2.

Low Grip Strength and Increased Mortality Hazard among Middle-Aged and Older Chinese Adults with Chronic Diseases.

Objective: This study aims to evaluate the association between lower grip strength and mortality hazard.

Methods: We selected 10,280 adults aged 45 to 96 years old from the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study and used multivariate Cox proportional hazard models to assess the association of grip strength with mortality hazard. In addition, we explored the possibility of a nonlinear relationship using a 4-knot restricted spline regression.

Structures and bonding properties of lithium polysulfide clusters LiS ( = 3-5) and LiS: size-selected anion photoelectron spectroscopy and theoretical calculations.

The structures and bonding properties of several lithium polysulfide clusters LiS ( = 3-5) and LiS were investigated by size-selected anion photoelectron spectroscopy coupled with quantum chemistry calculations. The vertical detachment energies of LiS, LiS, and LiS were estimated to be 2.17 ± 0.

Identification of Ge≡O Triple Bond in GeO Cluster: Anion Photoelectron Spectroscopy and Theoretical Calculations.

Unlike C≡O, which is common in coordination chemistry and organometallic chemistry, little is known about Si≡O or Ge≡O compounds. Here we report a GeO cluster featuring a Ge≡O triple bond. The structural and chemical bonding properties of GeO are investigated using anion photoelectron spectroscopy and theoretical calculations.

Anion photoelectron spectroscopy and quantum chemical calculations of bimetallic niobium-aluminum clusters NbAl ( = 3-12): identification of a half-encapsulated symmetric structure for NbAl.

Bimetallic niobium-doped aluminum clusters, NbAl ( = 3-12), are investigated through a synergetic combination of size-selected anion photoelectron spectroscopy and theoretical calculations. It is found that the dominant structures of NbAl anions with = 3-8 can be described by gradually adding Al atoms to the NbAl core. Starting from = 9, the lowest-energy geometric structures of NbAl transform into bilayer structures.

Photoelectron Spectroscopy and Theoretical Studies of GeMnO Cluster with a Mn≡O Unit Interacting with a Double Aromatic Ge Ligand.

The structures and chemical bonding of GeMnO are investigated using anion photoelectron spectroscopy and theoretical calculations. The lowest energy structure of GeMnO is found to have a C symmetric structure with an O atom attached to a pentagonal bipyramidal MnGe. Chemical bonding analyses reveal that GeMnO can be considered as a [Mn≡O][Ge] complex with two unpaired 3d electrons on Mn.

Anion Photoelectron Spectroscopy and Quantum Chemical Calculations of Bimetallic Oxide Clusters YCuO ( = 2-5).

The structural and electronic properties of bimetallic oxide clusters, YCuO and YCuO ( = 2-5), are investigated using anion photoelectron spectroscopy and density functional theory calculations. The experimental vertical detachment energies of YCuO, YCuO, YCuO, and YCuO were measured to be 1.59, 1.

Structural Evolution of Carbon-Doped Aluminum Clusters AlC ( = 6-15): Anion Photoelectron Spectroscopy and Theoretical Calculations.

Carbon-doped aluminum cluster anions, AlC ( = 6-15), were generated by laser vaporization and investigated by mass-selected anion photoelectron spectroscopy. The geometric structures of AlC ( = 6-15) anions were determined by the comparison of theoretical calculations with the experimental results. It is found that the most stable structure of AlC is a carbon endohedral triangular prism.

Identification of Ge═O Double Bonds in Planar MnGeO and MnGeO Clusters: Anion Photoelectron Spectroscopy and Calculations.

The structures, chemical bonding, and magnetic properties of MnGeO and MnGeO are investigated by photoelectron spectroscopy and calculations. The experimental vertical electron detachment energies of MnGeO and MnGeO are measured to be 2.06 ± 0.

Structural Evolution and Bonding Properties of CrSi ( = 1-12) Clusters: Mass-Selected Anion Photoelectron Spectroscopy and Theoretical Calculations.

We investigated the structural characteristics and bonding properties of CrSi ( = 1-12) clusters by using anion photoelectron spectroscopy combined with density functional theory calculations. The experimental and theoretical results reveal that Cr atoms of the most stable structures of CrSi clusters with < 8 are located at the surface, while the most stable structures of CrSi clusters with ≥ 8 have one Cr encapsulated in the cage consisting of the other Cr atom and the Si atoms. The Cr-Cr interaction in the most stable structures of CrSi clusters is strong, except that the Cr-Cr interaction in the lowest lying isomer of the CrSi cluster is weak.