[Screening of different metabolites in teenage football players after exercise fatigue].

To investigate the changes of metabolites of teenage football players after exercise-induced fatigue. Twelve male teenage football players (14～16 yrs) were selected as experimental subjects in this study. And an exercise model including aerobic and anaerobic exercise as one group exercise was established by using power bicycle: completion 6 min 150 W load, 60～65 r/min of riding exercise and 30 s of riding exercise which load was the maximum speed set by the tester's weight.

Outcome of Chinese patients with hepatitis B at 96 weeks after functional cure with IFN versus combination regimens.

Background & Aims: Nucleotides with add-on interferon treatment (NUC-IFN) provide significantly higher rates of hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) loss in patients with chronic hepatitis B (CHB). This study aimed to investigate the sustainability of HBsAg loss and the prevention of clinical relapse.

Methods: Patients with CHB who achieved HBsAg loss and HBV DNA levels <20 IU/ml after IFN or NUC-IFN therapy were enrolled and followed up for 96 weeks.

Developmental Consequences of Prenatal Telbivudine Exposure during the Third Trimester.

Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection is a global health issue. Mother-to-child transmission (MTCT) is the most prominent route for chronic HBV infection in Asian countries. Although standard immunoprophylaxis has been effective in preventing MTCT, a significantly higher rate of MTCT has been observed among mothers with high levels of viremia.

Predictors of sustained functional cure in hepatitis B envelope antigen-negative patients achieving hepatitis B surface antigen seroclearance with interferon-alpha-based therapy.

Hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) loss is considered a functional cure in chronic hepatitis B (CHB). However, the durability of HBsAg loss after stopping treatment remains unknown. This study aimed to assess the sustained functional cure achieved by interferon therapy in hepatitis B envelope antigen (HBeAg)-negative CHB patients.

Association of Cytokines with Alanine Aminotransferase, Hepatitis B Virus Surface Antigen and Hepatitis B Envelope Antigen Levels in Chronic Hepatitis B.

Background: Cytokines play an important role in occurrence and recovery of hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection. The aim of this study was to investigate the changes of cytokines concentration and its correlation to alanine aminotransferase (ALT), HBV deoxyribonucleic acid (HBV-DNA), hepatitis B envelope antigen (HBeAg), and HBV surface antigen (HBsAg) in the development of chronic hepatitis B (CHB).

Methods: Thirteen healthy individuals (HI), 30 chronic HBV-infected patients in immune tolerant (IT) phase, and 55 CHB patients were enrolled between August 2015 and May 2017.

Quantitation of Plasmacytoid Dendritic Cells in Chronic Hepatitis B Patients with HBeAg Positivity During PEG-IFN and Entecavir Therapy.

Plasmacytoid dendritic cells (pDCs) are crucial for control of chronic hepatitis B (CHB) virus infection. In this study, we evaluated the frequencies of pDCs and expression of functional molecules on pDCs in patients treated with PEG-IFN-α-2a or entecavir (ETV) and investigated changes during treatment. The mean fluorescence intensity of CD86 (CD86MFI) on the surface of pDCs and frequencies of pDCs and CD86 pDCs in peripheral blood were measured.

Plasmacytoid Dendritic Cell Function and Cytokine Network Profiles in Patients with Acute or Chronic Hepatitis B Virus Infection.

Background: Plasmacytoid dendritic cells (pDCs) and cytokines play an important role in occurrence and recovery of hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection. The aim of this study was to explore the frequency and function of pDC and serum cytokine network profiles in patients with acute or chronic HBV infection.

Methods: The healthy individuals (HI group), hepatitis B envelope antigen (HBeAg)-positive chronic HBV patients in immune tolerance (IT) phase (IT group), HBeAg-positive chronic HBV patients (CHB group), and acute HBV patients (AHB group) were enrolled in this study.

Negative Correlation of Serum Hepatitis B Surface Antigen and Hepatitis B e Antigen Levels with the Severity of Liver Inflammation in Treatment-naïve Patients with Chronic Hepatitis B Virus Infection.

Background: Estimating the grades of liver inflammation is critical in the determination of antiviral therapy in patients chronically infected with hepatitis B virus (HBV). The aim of this study was to investigate the correlation of serum levels of hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) and hepatitis B e antigen (HBeAg) with the liver inflammation grades in treatment-naïve patients with chronic HBV infection.

Methods: We retrospectively enrolled 584 treatment-naïve HBeAg-positive patients who underwent liver biopsy in Ditan Hospital from January 2008 to January 2016.

Heterosexual transmission of HIV and related risk factors among serodiscordant couples in Henan province, China.

Background: HIV transmission between discordant couples has become an important source of new infections in China. To describe the seroconversion rate among serodiscordant couples and to identify salient behavioral and clinical risk factors including ART that affect heterosexual HIV transmission risk among couples in rural China.

Methods: Longitudinal follow-up of an open cohort of HIV serodiscordant couples took place between 2007 and 2011 in Zhumadian, a city in southern Henan province in China, where blood plasma selling in 1990s led to a regional HIV epidemic.

[Relationship between the clustering of risk factors and the prevalence of hypertension in the community residents living in Shanghai].

Objective: To study the association between the clustering manifestation of factors as overweight and central obesity, family heredity, immoderate alcohol drinking, tobacco smoking, hyperlipidemia, hyperglycemia and the prevalence of hypertension.

Methods: Data was from a program related to the comprehensive prevention and control strategies on cardiac-cerebral vascular disease carried out in the communities of Shanghai, to describe the relationship between the clustering of risk factors and hypertension. This program included 15 158 people with complete data at the age of 35 - 74, from 2008 - 2011.

[Association study for gene polymorphism of folic acid/homocysteine metabolic pathway and nonsyndromic cleft lip with or without cleft palate in Chinese populations].

Objective: To explore the association between 18 candidate genes encoding enzymes on the folate/homocysteine metabolism pathway and non-syndromic cleft lip with or without cleft palate (NSCL/P) in Chinese populations.

Methods: A total of 806 NSCL/P trios were drawn by an international consortium, which conducted a genome-wide association study using a case-parent trio design to investigate genes affecting risks to NSCL/P. The transmission disequilibrium test (TDT) was used for deviation from Mendelian expectations for 257 SNPs in 18 folate/homocysteine metabolism-related genes.

[Application of statistics on chronic-diseases-relating observational research papers].

Objective: To study the application of statistics on Chronic-diseases-relating observational research papers which were recently published in the Chinese Medical Association Magazines, with influential index above 0.5.

Methods: Using a self-developed criterion, two investigators individually participated in assessing the application of statistics on Chinese Medical Association Magazines, with influential index above 0.

[A comparative study on blood pressure, obesity, smoking and alcohol drinking behavior in Chinese twins reared apart and together].

Objective: To test the potential feasibility for studies conducted in twins reared apart and together from the Chinese National Twin Registry (CNTR) and to answer the question whether the rearing environment affects chronic disease risk factors.

Methods: The samples were composed of twins from two sub-registries, which included 503 twin pairs in Lishui and 505 twin pairs in Qingdao.

Results: There was a big difference in the rates of twins reared apart in different areas (from 0.

[Application of health vignettes in correcting self-reported health condition].

To introduce the application of vignettes in the survey on health condition, we took the Hangzhou health survey as an example. We tried to find the respondents' health judgment standard by using vignettes first and discovered the population's demographic characteristics as sex, age, years of schooling and income etc. could influence the self-reported health condition on the response category cut-points.

Interactions of renin-angiotensin system gene polymorphisms and antihypertensive effect of benazepril in Chinese population.

Aim: Angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors are widely used antihypertensive drugs with individual response variation. We studied whether interactions of AGT, AGTR1 and ACE2 gene polymorphisms affect this response.

Materials & Methods: Our study is based on a 3-year field trial with 1831 hypertensive patients prescribed benazepril.

[Cost-effectiveness of female sex worker interventions by using SEX 2.0 Tool in Dehong prefecture, Yunnan province].

Objective: To perform cost-effectiveness analysis of interventions in female sex workers in Dehong prefecture in China, with an aim of providing evidence for rational resource allocation in female sex worker interventions in the future.

Methods: The data of expenses for female sex worker interventions in Dehong from 2005 - 2007 were obtained through questionnaire survey. Meanwhile, the data from baseline survey in 2004, from surveillance of female sex workers from 2005 through 2007 as well as from the special survey on sexual transmission in 2007 were collected.

[Correlation of angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 gene polymorphism with antihypertensive effects of benazepril].

Objective: To explore the correlation of rs2106809 from angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 gene with antihypertensive effects of benazepril, as well as its interactions with polymorphisms of angiotensinogen(AGT) and angiotensin II type 1 receptor(AGTR1) gene.

Methods: Correlation between rs2106809 and blood pressure reduction was estimated based on a field trail with 1 831 hypertensive patients using benazepril for 2 weeks. Generalized multifactor dimensionality reduction (GMDR) was used to explore the interactions of rs2106809 and 8 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of AGTR1 gene and 3 SNPs of AGT gene.

[Study of twin-birth on genetic or environmental determinants of male Chinese smoking initiation].

Objective: To determine the role of genetic and environmental factors in the onset of smoking in Chinese male twins.

Methods: Retrospective data on initiation and age at onset of smoking, reported by 1,006 adult twin pairs [aged 18 year-old or more, 638 pairs of monozygotic (MZ) twins and 368 pairs of dizygotic (DZ) twins] were analyzed to calculate the heritability of smoking behavior and smoking initiation.

Results: Different from western culture, 66.

[Correspondence analysis on the types of social support and the role of the supporters towards people living with HIV/AIDS in rural areas, Henan province].

Objective: To explore the relationship between types of social support and roles of supporters, on people living with HIV/AIDS, in rural areas of Henan province.

Methods: A rural area from Henan province where the main route of HIV transmission was through blood collection was selected as the research site. Survivors registered in that area were randomly selected as subjects.

Inhibition of brown adipose tissue thermogenesis by neurons in the ventrolateral medulla and in the nucleus tractus solitarius.

Neurons in the ventrolateral medulla (VLM) and in the nucleus tractus solitarius (NTS) play important roles in the regulation of cardiovascular and other autonomic functions. In the present study, we demonstrate an inhibition of brown adipose tissue (BAT) thermogenesis evoked by activation of neurons in the VLM, as well as by neurons in the intermediate NTS, of chloralose/urethane-anesthetized, artificially ventilated rats. Activation of neurons in either rostral VLM or caudal VLM with N-methyl-d-aspartate (12 nmol) reversed the cold-evoked increase in BAT sympathetic nerve activity (SNA), BAT temperature, and end-expired CO(2).

Expression and prognostic significance of THBS1, Cyr61 and CTGF in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma.

Background: Thrombospondin1 (THBS1), cystene-rich protein 61 (Cyr61) and connective tissue growth factor (CTGF) are all involved in the transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-beta) signal pathway, which plays an important role in the tumorigenesis. The purpose of this study is to explore the expression and prognostic significance of these proteins in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC).

Methods: We used immunohistochemistry and western blotting to examine the expression status of THBS1, Cyr61 and CTGF in ESCC.