The therapeutic potential of exosomes derived from different cell sources in liver diseases.

Exosomes are small nanovesicles with a size of approximately 40-120 nm that are secreted from cells. They are involved in the regulation of cell homeostasis and mediate intercellular communication. In addition, they carry proteins, nucleic acids, and lipids that regulate the biological activity of receptor cells.

C-C chemokine hepatocellular carcinoma motif ligand 5-deficiency promotes hepatocellular carcinoma progression by affecting B cell recruitment.

Objective: To evaluate the expression of C-C motif chemokine ligand 5 (CCL5) in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and to explore its role in regulating the immune microenvironment and the related mechanism in tumor immunity.

Methods: The mRNA expression level of CCL5 in HCC and adjacent non-cancerous tissues was measured by quantitative polymerase chain reaction and the protein expression was examined by immunohistochemistry. Serum CCL5 expression was measured by an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA).

miR-194 inhibits liver cancer stem cell expansion by regulating RAC1 pathway.

Liver cancer stem cells (CSCs) contribute to tumorigenesis, progression, drug resistance and recurrence of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). However, the underlying mechanism for the propagation of liver CSCs remains unclear. Herein, we observed low expression of miR-194 in chemoresistant HCC cells.

Prognostic importance of bile duct invasion in surgical resection with curative intent for hepatocellular carcinoma using PSM analysis.

There is not yet a consensus regarding a difference in prognosis for patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) with and without bile duct invasion (BDI). The present study aimed to clarify the prognostic importance of BDI on the short and long-term outcome of patients with HCC who underwent surgical resection. The present study evaluated HCC with BDI, including peripheral microscopic biliary invasion and revealed that the prognosis of patients with BDI was poorer compared with those without BDI.

Expression and significance of glucose transporter-1, P-glycoprotein, multidrug resistance-associated protein and glutathione S-transferase-π in laryngeal carcinoma.

Increasing glucose transporter-1 (GLUT-1) activity is one of the most important ways to increase the cellular influx of glucose. We previously demonstrated that increased GLUT-1 expression was an independent predictor of survival in patients with laryngeal carcinoma. Thus, GLUT-1 may present a novel therapeutic target in laryngeal carcinoma.

Applied anatomy of small branches of the portal vein in transverse groove of hepatic hilum.

Purpose: The objective of this study was to provide the morphological details on small branches of the portal vein in transverse groove of hepatic hilum.

Methods: According to the surgery significance, the small branches of portal vein in transverse groove of hepatic hilum were named as "Short hepatic portal veins (SHPVs)". SHPVs were minutely dissected in 30 adult cadaveric livers.

KAT5 silencing induces apoptosis of GBC-SD cells through p38MAPK-mediated upregulation of cleaved Casp9.

The poor overall prognosis of Gallbladder carcinoma (GBC) patients and the limited therapeutic regimens for these patients demonstrates the need for better therapeutic modalities, while the growing evidences have indicated that those genes contributed to epigenetic regulation may serve as therapeutic targets. The function of histone acetylation on growth and survival of GBC cells remains unknown. In present study, an RNAi screening of 16 genes involving histone acetyltransferases (HATs) was applied to GBC-SD cells and we found that KAT5 knockdown specifically inhibits the proliferation of GBC-SD cells by casp9-mediated apoptosis.

Early control of short hepatic portal veins in isolated or combined hepatic caudate lobectomy.

Background: Caudate lobectomy has long been considered technically difficult. This study aimed to elaborate the significance of early control of short hepatic portal veins (SHPVs) in isolated hepatic caudate lobectomy or in hepatic caudate lobectomy combined with major partial hepatectomy, and to describe the anatomical characteristics of SHPVs.

Methods: The data of 117 patients who underwent either isolated or combined caudate lobectomy by the same team of surgeons from 2005 to 2009 were retrospectively analyzed.

[Prokaryotic expression and polyclonal antibody preparation of human novel gene CTRP4].

Aim: To further investigate the biological function of human novel gene CTRP4 by constructing the prokaryotic expression vector of human CTRP4, inducing the expression of and purifying hCTRP4-his protein in E.coli, and preparing polyclonal antibody against human CTRP4.

Methods: Human CTRP4 gene was amplified by PCR, digested with enzymes, and subcloned into a his-tagged prokaryotic expression vector to generate a recombinant plasmid named pET-32a-hCTRP4.

Diagnosis and surgical treatment of primary hepatic lymphoma.

Aim: To assess the benefits and limits of surgery for primary hepatic lymphoma (PHL), and probability of survival after postoperative chemotherapy.

Methods: A retrospective analysis was undertaken to determine the results of surgical treatment of PHL over the past 8 years. Only nine patients underwent such treatment.

Sorafenib extends the survival time of patients with multiple recurrences of hepatocellular carcinoma after liver transplantation.

Aim: to determine the efficacy and toxicities of sorafenib in the treatment of patients with multiple recurrences of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) after liver transplantation in a Chinese population.

Methods: twenty patients with multiple recurrences of HCC after liver transplantation were retrospectively studied. They received either transarterial chemoembolization (TACE) or TACE combined with sorafenib.

Hepatic blood inflow occlusion with/without hemihepatic artery control versus the Pringle maneuver in resection of hepatocellular carcinoma: a retrospective comparative analysis.

Background: The Pringle maneuver, which has been the standard for hepatic resection surgery for a long time, has the major flaw of ischemic damage in the liver. The aim of this research was to evaluate hepatic blood inflow occlusion with/without hemihepatic artery control vs. the Pringle maneuver in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) resection.

Treatment of massive pancreaticojejunal anastomotic hemorrhage after pancreatoduodenectomy.

Aim: To compare the treatment modalities for patients with massive pancreaticojejunal anastomotic hemorrhage after pancreatoduodenectomy (PDT).

Methods: A retrospective study was undertaken to compare the outcomes of two major treatment modalities: transcatheter arterial embolization (TAE) and open surgical hemostasis. Seventeen patients with acute massive hemorrhage after PDT were recruited in this study.