A novel approach to treating post-stroke depression: administration of Botulinum Toxin A via local facial injection.

Background: Post-stroke depression (PSD) is a frequent complication following a stroke, characterized by prolonged feelings of sadness and loss of interest, which can significantly impede stroke rehabilitation, increase disability, and raise mortality rates. Traditional antidepressants often have significant side effects and poor patient adherence, necessitating the exploration of more suitable treatments for PSD. Previous researchers and our research team have discovered that Botulinum Toxin A (BoNT-A) exhibits antidepressant effects.

Targeting the postsynaptic scaffolding protein PSD-95 enhances BDNF signaling to mitigate depression-like behaviors in mice.

Signaling mediated by brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), which is supported by the postsynaptic scaffolding protein PSD-95, has antidepressant effects. Conversely, clinical depression is associated with reduced BDNF signaling. We found that peptidomimetic compounds that bind to PSD-95 promoted signaling by the BDNF receptor TrkB in the hippocampus and reduced depression-like behaviors in mice.

Association analyses between the variants of , and and the efficacy of botulinum toxin A in the treatment of the primary Meige syndrome.

Objective: Individual differences were observed in the clinical efficacy of Botulinum toxin A (BoNT-A) in the treatment of the primary Meige syndrome. Our study aimed to explore the potential associations between the clinical efficacy of BoNT-A in the treatment of the primary Meige syndrome and variants of , and , which are involving in the translocation of the BoNT-A in vivo.

Methods: Patients with the primary Meige syndrome treated with BoNT-A were enrolled.

Comparative effectiveness of two different doses of botulinum toxin A for the treatment of mild to moderate depression.

Objective: Botulinum toxin A has been shown to be effective in managing depression. This study aimed to evaluate the antidepressant and antianxiety effects of two different doses of botulinum toxin A in patients with mild to moderate depression.

Methods: A total of 140 patients diagnosed with mild to moderate depression at the Department of Neurology of the Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University from September 2020 to September 2021 were enrolled for the study.

Evaluation of therapeutic benefits of botulinum toxin for foot dystonia associated with Parkinson's disease.

Background: Foot dystonia occurs in patients with Parkinson's disease (PD) and leads to pain, malformation, and difficulty with walking. Botulinum toxin injections may be effective for foot dystonia, but the extent of improvement and effects on motor function are unclear.

Methods: In this study, we performed botulinum toxin injections for foot dystonia in 25 patients with PD.

Quantitative study of peripapillary retinal nerve fiber layer thickness and peripapillary vessel density in patients with different stages of Parkinson's disease.

Aim: To observe the changes in the thickness of peripapillary retinal nerve fiber layer (pRNFL) and peripapillary vessel density (pVD) in patients with different stages of Parkinson's disease (PD).

Methods: Totally 47 patients (47 eyes) with primary PD were divided into the mild group and the moderate-to-severe group according to Hoehn & Yahr (H&Y) stage. Among them, there were 27 cases (27 eyes) in mild group and 20 cases (20 eyes) in moderate-to-severe group.

SCF/c-Kit-activated signaling and angiogenesis require Gαi1 and Gαi3.

The stem cell factor (SCF) binds to c-Kit in endothelial cells, thus activating downstream signaling and angiogenesis. Herein, we examined the role of G protein subunit alpha inhibitory (Gαi) proteins in this process. In MEFs and HUVECs, Gαi1/3 was associated with SCF-activated c-Kit, promoting c-Kit endocytosis, and binding of key adaptor proteins, subsequently transducing downstream signaling.

Botulinum neurotoxin A ameliorates depressive-like behavior in a reserpine-induced Parkinson's disease mouse model via suppressing hippocampal microglial engulfment and neuroinflammation.

Depression is one of the common non-motor symptoms of Parkinson's disease (PD). In the clinic, botulinum neurotoxin A (BoNT/A) has been used to treat depression. In this study, we investigated the mechanisms underlying the anti-depressive effect of BoNT/A in a PD mouse model.

[Effect of moxibustion with on Aβ-receptor mediated transport and enzymatic degradation in hippocampus in rats with Alzheimer's disease].

Objective: To observe the clinical effect of moxibustion with on Alzheimer's disease (AD) rats, and evaluate its effect on β-amyloid (Aβ) transport and enzymatic degradation proteins, to explore its molecular mechanism for improving cognitive function.

Methods: Sixty SPF-grade male SD rats were randomly divided into a blank group (8 rats), a sham-operation group (8 rats) and a model establishment group (44 rats). The rats in the model establishment group were injected with Aβ- at bilateral ventricles to establish AD model.

Unilateral facial injection of Botulinum neurotoxin A attenuates bilateral trigeminal neuropathic pain and anxiety-like behaviors through inhibition of TLR2-mediated neuroinflammation in mice.

Objectives: In this study, we investigated the possible analgesic effects of Botulinum toxin type A (BoNT/A) on trigeminal neuralgia (TN). A modified TN mouse model was established by chronic constriction injury of the distal infraorbital nerve (dIoN-CCI) in mice, and the possible roles of microglia toll-like receptor 2 (TLR2) and neuroinflammation was investigated.

Methods: Male C57BL/6 mice were divided into 3 groups, including sham group, vehicle-treated TN group and BoNT/A-treated TN group.

Shear wave elastography characteristics of upper limb muscle in rigidity-dominant Parkinson's disease.

Background: Rigidity is one of the major manifestations of Parkinson's disease (PD), but no quantitative and objective imaging method has been developed to measure rigidity. Ultrasound shear wave elastography (SWE) can reflect the stiffness of tissue by providing a quantitative index. Thus, we conducted this study to evaluate the potential clinical value of SWE in assessing rigidity in PD.

Triiodothyronine levels were positively correlated with opening of collateral circulation in cerebral infarction patients with large artery atherosclerosis.

Introduction: Non-thyroidal illness syndrome (NTIS) is one of the signs for poor prognosis of cerebral infarction (CI), but its risk factors had never been explored. In this study, we analyzed the potential effect of collateral circulation on prognosis prediction of triiodothyronine for large artery atherosclerosis cerebral infarction (LAA-CI) patients.

Material And Methods: Clinical data of CI patients between 2012 and 2014 were collected.

The Nrf2 activator MIND4-17 protects retinal ganglion cells from high glucose-induced oxidative injury.

Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is a leading cause of acquired blindness among adults. High glucose (HG) induces oxidative injury and apoptosis in retinal ganglion cells (RGCs), serving as a primary pathological mechanism of DR. MIND4-17 activates nuclear-factor-E2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) signaling via modifying one cysteine (C151) residue of Kelch-like ECH-associated protein 1 (Keap1).

[ infection by blood transfusion：a case report].

This paper reported one acute lymphoblastic leukemia patient who infected with after blood transfusion. Through the epidemiological investigation on this patient and the related blood donors as well as laboratory detections, the source of infection was ascertained. This blood donor was an overseas student from Africa, whose blood sample was positive in the rapid diagnostic test, and the results of microscopic examination of peripheral blood smear and PCR both suggested positive.

SC79, a novel Akt activator, protects dopaminergic neuronal cells from MPP and rotenone.

In pathogenesis of Parkinson's disease (PD), mitochondrial dysfunction causes substantial reactive oxygen species (ROS) production and oxidative stress, leading to dopaminergic (DA) neuronal cell death. Mitochondrial toxins, including MPP (1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium ion) and rotenone, induce oxidative injury in cultured DA neuronal cells. The current study tested the potential effect of SC79, a first-in-class small-molecule Akt activator, against the process.

Efficacy and Safety of Botulinum Toxin Type A in Treating Patients of Advanced Age with Idiopathic Trigeminal Neuralgia.

Objective: To assess the therapeutic efficacy and safety of botulinum toxin type A (BTX-A) for treating idiopathic trigeminal neuralgia (ITN) in patients ≥80 years old.

Methods: Selected patients (=43) with ITN, recruited from the neurology clinic and inpatient department of the Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University between August 2008 and February 2014, were grouped by age, one subset (=14) ≥80 years old and another (=29) <60 years old. Each group scored similarly in degrees of pain registered by the visual analogue scale (VAS).

The Neuroprotection of Low-Dose Morphine in Cellular and Animal Models of Parkinson's Disease Through Ameliorating Endoplasmic Reticulum (ER) Stress and Activating Autophagy.

Parkinson's disease (PD) is a common neurodegenerative disease characterized the progressive loss of dopaminergic (DA) neurons in the substantia nigra pars compacta (SNc). Brain endogenous morphine biosynthesis was reported to be impaired in PD patients and exogenous morphine attenuated 6-hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA)-induced cell death . However, the mechanisms underlying neuroprotection of morphine in PD are still unclear.

Influence of renal function on the association between homocysteine level and risk of ischemic stroke.

We examined whether the association between total homocysteine (tHCY) and risk of ischemic stroke (IS) varies depending on renal function to gain insight into why tHCY-lowering vitamins do not reduce the incidence of cardiovascular disease in clinical trials. We analyzed data from 542 IS patients with large artery atherosclerosis (LAA) or small artery occlusion (SAO) after stratification by estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) to evaluate renal function. We found that tHCY level was positively associated with the occurrence of IS in both LAA (OR: 1.

Transcranial Sonographic Alterations of Substantia Nigra and Third Ventricle in Parkinson's Disease with or without Dementia.

Background: Numerous studies have demonstrated that patients with Parkinson's disease (PD) have a higher prevalence of substantia nigra (SN) hyperechogenicity compared with controls. Our aim was to explore the neuroimaging characteristics of transcranial sonography (TCS) of patients with PD and those with PD with dementia (PDD). The correlation between the echogenicity of the SN and clinical symptoms in Chinese patients with PDD was also assessed.

Two polysomnographic features of REM sleep behavior disorder: Clinical variations insight for Parkinson's disease.

Introduction: Loss of REM sleep muscle atonia (RWA) and dream-enactment behavior (DEB) are two associated features of REM sleep behavior disorder (RBD), which is frequently associated with Parkinson's disease (PD). Few studies have examined both DEB and RWA simultaneously in patients with PD. This study aimed to evaluate relationships between RWA, DEB and clinical characteristics of PD.

Urate promotes SNCA/α-synuclein clearance via regulating mTOR-dependent macroautophagy.

Serum urate levels are reported to be significantly lowered in patients with Parkinson's disease (PD) and inversely correlated to the risk and progression of PD. However, the mechanism by which urate affects PD is poorly understood. Here we showed that treatment with uric acid (UA) resulted in an autophagy activity enhancement in PC12 cells in dose- and time-dependent manners, as indicated by LC3-II increase and P62 decrease.

Transcranial sonography image characteristics in different Parkinson's disease subtypes.

Recently, Parkinson's disease (PD) has been classified into three subtypes: postural instability gait difficulty (PIGD), tremor dominate (TD), and indeterminate PD. Transcranial sonography (TCS) is considered to be an important tool to diagnose PD. However, it is uncertain that whether there are differences in TCS image characteristics in different PD subtypes, so 373 idiopathic PD (188 PIGD, 108 TD, 77 indeterminate PD) were registered and received TCS in our investigation; also, the association between clinical characteristics and TCS results in different PD subtypes was analyzed.

Long-term anti-itch effect of botulinum neurotoxin A is associated with downregulation of TRPV1 and TRPA1 in the dorsal root ganglia in mice.

Itch is a common symptom in patients with skin and systemic diseases, but the effective treatment is limited. Here, we evaluated the anti-itch effects of the botulinum toxin type A (BoNT/A) using acute and chronic dry skin itch mouse models, which were induced by compound 48/80, chloroquine, and a mixture of acetone-diethylether-water treatment, respectively. Pretreatment of intradermal BoNT/A exerted long-term inhibitory effects on compound 48/80-induced and chloroquine-induced acute itch on days 1, 3, 7, and 14, but not on day 21, in mice.