Anatomical and immunohistochemical analyses of the fusion of the premaxillary-maxillary suture in human fetuses.

Purpose: The development of the premaxillary-maxillary suture (PMS) in human fetuses and a possible association between the fusion time of the PMS and maxillary deficiency were investigated. Expression of transforming growth factor beta (TGF-β1 and TGF-β3) and of fibulins (fibulin‑1 and fibulin-5) were also investigated.

Methods: We analyzed 36 human fetus cadavers (19 males, 17 females; average age 23.

The Characteristics and Distribution of Nerve Plexuses in the Dartos Fascia From Concealed Penis Children.

The purpose of this study is to analyze the nerve plexus distribution in dartos fascia of concealed penis (CP). A total of 28 CP patients met ASA categories I and II were included, with median age of 3.5 years (8 months-5 years).

Synergism of rMV-Hu191 with cisplatin to treat gastric cancer by acid sphingomyelinase-mediated apoptosis requiring integrity of lipid raft microdomains.

Background: DDP-based chemotherapy is one of the first-line treatment in GC. However, the therapeutic efficacy of DDP is limited due to side effects. Therefore, it is of great significance to develop novel adjuvants to synergize with DDP.

A recombinant Chinese measles virus vaccine strain rMV-Hu191 inhibits human colorectal cancer growth through inducing autophagy and apoptosis regulating by PI3K/AKT pathway.

The potential therapeutic effects of oncolytic measles virotherapy have been verified against plenty of malignancies. However, the oncolytic effects and underlying mechanisms of the recombinant Chinese measles virus vaccine strain Hu191 (rMV-Hu191) against human colorectal cancer (CRC) remain elusive. In this study, the antitumor effects of rMV-Hu191 were evaluated in CRC both in vitro and in vivo.

Primary and secondary postoperative hemorrhage in pediatric tonsillectomy.

Background: Tonsillectomy is the most common procedure for treatment of pediatric recurrent acute tonsillitis and tonsillar enlargement that contributes to obstructive sleep apnea hypopnea syndrome. Postoperative hemorrhage of tonsillectomy is a life-threatening complication.

Aim: To identify the risk factors that may contribute to primary and secondary post-operative hemorrhage in pediatric tonsillectomy.

A recombinant measles virus vaccine strain rMV-Hu191 has oncolytic effect against human gastric cancer by inducing apoptotic cell death requiring integrity of lipid raft microdomains.

Live-attenuated strain of measles virus (MV) has oncolytic effect. In this study, the antitumor effect of rMV-Hu191, a recombinant Chinese Hu191 MV generated in our laboratory by efficient reverse genetics system, was evaluated in gastric cancer (GC). From our data, rMV-Hu191 induced cytopathic effects and inhibited tumor proliferation both in vitro and in vivo by inducing caspase-dependent apoptosis.

[Age distribution characteristics of intestinal segmented filamentous bacteria and their relationship with intestinal mucosal immunity in children].

Objective: To investigate the age distribution characteristics of intestinal segmented filamentous bacteria (SFB) in children and their relationship with intestinal mucosal immunity.

Methods: The fresh feces of 177 children and the ileocecal fluid of 47 children during colonoscopy were collected. The SFB was determined by real-time PCR.

Association of T-helper cell cytokine level with age in patients with biliary atresia: a preliminary study.

Background: The pathogenesis of biliary atresia (BA) is associated with an inflammatory process involving the biliary tree. This study aimed to investigate the association of T-helper cell cytokine levels with age in patients with BA.

Methods: Twenty-eight patients with BA were divided into three groups according to their age (< 2 months, 2-3 months, and ≥ 3 months).

Phalangeal microgeodic syndrome in childhood.

Background: Phalangeal microgeodic syndrome is an uncommon benign self-limiting condition that often occurs during cold weather. The etiology and the pathogenesis of the disease remain unclear.

Objective: To report a series of children with phalangeal microgeodic syndrome.

The antitumor effect of static and extremely low frequency magnetic fields against nephroblastoma and neuroblastoma.

Certain magnetic fields (MF) have potential therapeutic antitumor effect whereas the underlying mechanism remains undefined. In this study, a well-characterized MF was applied to two common childhood malignancies, nephroblastoma and neuroblastoma. This MF has a time-averaged total intensity of 5.

A highly malignant case of neuroblastoma with substantial increase of single-nucleotide variants and normal mismatch repair system: A case report.

Rationale: Neuroblastoma is a common abdominal malignancy in children. The chemoresistant and relapsed cases have poor prognosis. The genetic background and the mechanism of resistance remain unelucidated.

Autophagy Inhibition in Childhood Nephroblastoma and the Therapeutic Significance.

Background: Autophagy is a physiological pathway characterized by lysosomedependent self-digestion to recycle damaged or superfluous cellular content. Deregulation of autophagy hampers the maintenance of cellular homeostasis and contributes to tumorigenesis. However, during anticancer therapy, autophagy activation contributes to development of resistance.

Epigenetics of Notch1 regulation in pulmonary microvascular rarefaction following extrauterine growth restriction.

Background: Extrauterine growth restriction (EUGR) plays an important role in the developmental origin of adult cardiovascular diseases. In an EUGR rat model, we reported an elevated pulmonary arterial pressure in adults and genome-wide epigenetic modifications in pulmonary vascular endothelial cells (PVECs). However, the underlying mechanism of the early nutritional insult that results in pulmonary vascular consequences later in life remains unclear.

Epigenetics of hyper-responsiveness to allergen challenge following intrauterine growth retardation rat.

Background: Epidemiological studies have revealed that intrauterine growth retardation (IUGR) or low birth weight is linked to the later development of asthma. Epigenetic regulatory mechanisms play an important role in the fetal origins of adult disease. However, little is known regarding the correlation between epigenetic regulation and the development of asthma following IUGR.

Primary atypical teratoid/rhabdoid tumor of central nervous system in children: a clinicopathological analysis and review of literature in China.

Atypical teratoid/rhabdoid tumor (AT/RT) is a very rare and highly malignant embryonal tumor in the central nervous system (CNS). Five patients (4 girls and 1 boy) with AT/RT were treated in our hospital. The clinical histories, symptoms, neuroimaging aspects, therapies, histological and immunohistochemical findings and follow-up information were reviewed.

Splenic hamartomas in two children.

Hamartomas are extremely rare splenic benign tumours in children. We present two cases, both in boys (6 and 8 years old), with left upper quadrant abdominal pain that were otherwise asymptomatic. Both patients showed a splenic mass on preoperative ultrasonography and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI).

Noninvasive perioperative evaluation of right ventricular function in children with tetralogy of Fallot.

Early and accurate noninvasive means of identifying right ventricular (RV) dysfunction in children with tetralogy of Fallot (TOF) are needed. RV function was examined using tissue Doppler imaging (TDI), strain rate (SR), and strain analysis (SA) in children before (N = 37) and after (6-12 months; N = 32) TOF repair, and in a control group of children (N = 37). Plasma concentrations of N-terminal pro-brain natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP) and matrix metalloproteinase 9 (MMP-9) were measured.

[The impact of dietary methionine-restriction on tight junction expression and function in a rat colonitis model].

Objective: To study the impact of methionine restriction (MetR) on mucosal histopathology, permeability and tight junction composition in a dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced colitis model, and to explore its underlying mechanism.

Methods: SD rats were randomly divided into 4 groups: normal rats fed by a complete amino acid (AA group) diet, normal rats fed by MetR diet (MetR group), DSS treated rats fed by a complete amino acid (DSS+AA group) and DSS treated rats fed by MetR diet (DSS+MetR group), each group had 15 rats.Abdominal aorta blood sampling was taken at day 21 after DSS model been established to analyze blood routine examination, liver and kidney function and level of electrolyte.

[Infantile polycystic kidney disease: a case report and literature review].

Objective: To summarize the clinical characteristics, diagnosis, treatments and outcomes of perinatal autosomal recessive polycystic kidney disease.

Methods: The clinical data of one case with infantile polycystic kidney disease diagnosed in perinatal stage and the reports of 11 cases seen in the past 15 years searched in Pubmed, OVID and Elsevier and CNKI, Wanfang database by using the polycystic kidney disease, infant, perinatal, autosomal recessive and case report as keyword were reviewed and analyzed.

Results: The infant was characterized by huge kidneys, severe respiratory and renal compromise.

Epigenetics of hypoxic pulmonary arterial hypertension following intrauterine growth retardation rat: epigenetics in PAH following IUGR.

Background: Accumulating evidence reveals that intrauterine growth retardation (IUGR) can cause varying degrees of pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) later in life. Moreover, epigenetics plays an important role in the fetal origin of adult disease. The goal of this study was to investigate the role of epigenetics in the development of PAH following IUGR.

[Changes in tight junction protein expression and permeability of colon mucosa in rats with dextran sulfate sodium-induced inflammatory bowel disease].

Objective: To develop an experimental rat model of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) by administration of dextran sulfate sodium (DSS), and to observe changes in the tight junction protein expression and permeability of colon mucosa.

Methods: Male Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats were randomly divided into control (n=27) and IBD model groups (n=27). In the IBD model group, IBD was induced by 6-day administration of 3% DSS in water followed by 14-day administration of water only.

[Effect of zinc deficiency on intestinal mucosal morphology and digestive enzyme activity in growing rat].

Objective: In this study, a growing rat model of zinc deficiency was established to investigate the effect of zinc deficiency on intestinal mucosal morphology and digestive enzyme activity as well as to provide a scientific basis for zinc supplementation therapy in patients with diarrhea.

Method: Three-week-old weaned Sprague-Dawley male rats (n = 30) were randomly divided into 3 groups with 10 in each: rats in the control group (ZA) were fed with a normal diet containing 30 µg/g zinc; rats in the zinc deficient group (ZD) were fed with a zinc-deficient diet containing 0.4 µg/g zinc (refer to AIN-76 formula); and rats in the paired fed group (PF) were fed with a normal diet, but the food intake was limited to intake of rats in ZD group in the previous day.