Introduction: We aimed to evaluate the local incidences of hydronephrosis and renal impairment in the presence of severe uterovaginal or vault prolapse, and determine whether treatment by surgery or ring pessary resulted in the resolution of hydronephrosis in these patients.
Methods: This was a retrospective case study of 121 patients who presented with severe uterovaginal or vault prolapse. All patients who had fourth degree uterovaginal or vault prolapse, and underwent renal ultrasonography and renal function blood tests were included in the study.
Objective: To audit our experience of the diagnosis and treatment of vaginal intraepithelial neoplasia (VAIN) in Kandang Kerbau Women's Hospital, Singapore.
Methods: The clinical records of the patients diagnosed as having VAIN at our institution in the calendar year 2009 were periodically reviewed until March 2011.
Results: There were 21 cases of VAIN.