Improvement of Electromagnetic Side-Channel Information Measurement Platform.

Research has shown that when a microcontroller (MCU) is powered up, the emitted electromagnetic radiation (EMR) patterns are different depending on the executed instructions. This becomes a security concern for embedded systems or the Internet of Things. Currently, the accuracy of EMR pattern recognition is low.

Optimal Growth Conditions for Forming -Axis (002) Aluminum Nitride Thin Films as a Buffer Layer for Hexagonal Gallium Nitride Thin Films Produced with In Situ Continual Radio Frequency Sputtering.

Aluminum nitride (AlN) thin-film materials possess a wide energy gap; thus, they are suitable for use in various optoelectronic devices. In this study, AlN thin films were deposited using radio frequency magnetron sputtering with an Al sputtering target and N as the reactive gas. The N working gas flow rate was varied among 20, 30, and 40 sccm to optimize the AlN thin film growth.

HKUST-1 nano metal-organic frameworks combined with ZnGaO:Cr near-infrared persistent luminescence nanoparticles for imaging and tumor chemodynamic and photothermal synergic therapy.

The multifunctional theranostic nanoplatform based on the combination of persistent luminescent nanoparticles (PLNPs) and metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) has both imaging and tumor therapeutic drug-loading functions, providing a new strategy for accurate and effective tumor diagnosis and treatment. Herein, the near-infrared (NIR) PLNP SiO@ZnGaO:Cr was combined with HKUST-1 MOFs to form a core-shell structure theranostic nanoplatform which possessed the triple function of autofluorescence-free NIR PersL bioimaging, tumor chemodynamic therapy (CDT), and tumor photothermal therapy (PTT). Also, the photothermal conversion efficiency reached 58.

Improving Device Characteristics of Dual-Gate IGZO Thin-Film Transistors with Ar-O Mixed Plasma Treatment and Rapid Thermal Annealing.

In this study, high-performance indium-gallium-zinc oxide thin-film transistors (IGZO TFTs) with a dual-gate (DG) structure were manufactured using plasma treatment and rapid thermal annealing (RTA). Atomic force microscopy measurements showed that the surface roughness decreased upon increasing the O ratio from 16% to 33% in the argon-oxygen plasma treatment mixture. Hall measurement results showed that both the thin-film resistivity and carrier Hall mobility of the Ar-O plasma-treated IGZO thin films increased with the reduction of the carrier concentration caused by the decrease in the oxygen vacancy density; this was also verified using X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy measurements.

Acute myocarditis presenting as accelerated junctional rhythm in Graves' disease: A case report.

Background: Acute myocarditis is an acute myocardium injury that manifests as arrhythmia, dyspnea, and elevated cardiac enzymes. Acute myocarditis is usually caused by a viral infection but can sometimes be caused by autoimmunity. Graves' disease is an autoimmune disease that is a rare etiology of acute myocarditis.

The construction of a novel luminescent lanthanide framework for the selective sensing of Cu and 4-nitrophenol in water.

It is challenging to develop highly stable lanthanide luminescent sensors for detecting heavy metal ions and nitroaromatics in view of the human health and environmental security. To this end, two water stable Ln-MOFs with the chemical constitution of {[Ln(HL)]·3DMF·3H2O}n (Ln = Eu, LZG-Eu and Ln = Tb, LZG-Tb) have been developed solvothermally using a multidentate ligand (H4L) with the central phenyl backbone bisubstituted by 2,6-pyridine-dicarboxylic acid at the para-position, H4L = 1,4-bis(2',2'',6',6''-tetracarboxy-1,4':4,4''-pyridyl)benzene. Single crystal analysis demonstrates that two novel Ln-MOFs feature 4,4,4-connected nets with an unprecedented topology symbol of {42·6·83}2{42·62·82}{42·84} and contain two kinds of one-dimensional channels.

Effective luminescence sensing of Fe, CrO, MnO and 4-nitrophenol by lanthanide metal-organic frameworks with a new topology type.

Lanthanide MOFs (Ln-MOFs), {[Ln(L)(HO)]·5HO·6DMAC}, [Ln = Eu(1) and Tb(2); HL = 4,4'-(((5-carboxy-1,3-phenylene)bis(azanediyl))bis(carbonyl)) dibenzoic acid, DMAC = N,N'-dimethylacetamide], with a new topology type have been isolated. Single crystal X-ray diffraction indicates that complexes 1 and 2 are isostructural with binuclear [Eu(COO)] secondary building units as 7-connected nodes and HL ligands as 3-connected nodes and can be viewed as a (5,7)-connected 3D framework with a new topological point symbol of {3·4·5} {3·4·5·6}. Complexes 1 and 2 exhibit an excellent luminescence sensing response to inorganic ions Fe, CrO, MnO and 4-nitrophenol, with a low detection limit and high K value.

Smart MMP2-Responsive Nanoprobe for Activatable Fluorescence Imaging-Guided Local Triple-Combination Therapies with Single Light.

Elaborately designed stimuli-responsive smart systems simultaneously enabling activatable imaging and selective treatment are highly desirable for precise diagnosis and therapy of cancer. Herein, such a smart theranostic nanoprobe composed of hollow gold nanospheres (HAuNs), photosensitizer (PS), matrix metalloproteinase 2 (MMP2) substrate peptide, and model drug doxorubicin (DOX) was designed. In the design, HAuNs served as the acceptor of Förster resonance energy transfer (FRET), photothermal therapy (PTT) reagent, and nanocarrier.

[Variation of the growth, fruiting and resistance to disease and insect of the half-sib families of Pinus koraiensis superior trees.].

We investigated the growth traits (tree height, diameter at the breast, crown diameter), fruiting traits (total number of cones in 7 consecutive fruiting years) and resistance to disease and insect of 551 half-sib families of Pinus koraiensis superior trees in 29-year-old in Hongwei seed orchard of Lushuihe, Jilin Province, with the method of multi-trait comprehensive evaluation and combining with six traits. The results showed that all the traits were significantly different among different families or blocks. Phenotypic variation coefficient of different traits ranged from 13.

Eu/Eu-Based Smart Duplicate Responsive Stimuli and Time-gated Nanohybrid for Optical Recording and Encryption.

With the rapid development of information science, it is urgent that memory devices possessing high security, density, and desirable storage ability should be developed. In this work, a smart duplicate response of stimuli has been developed and a time-gate nanohybrid based on variable valence Eu/Eu coencapsulated has been fabricated and acts as active material in the multilevel and multidimensional memory devices. The luminescence lifetime of Eu in this nanohybrid gave a stimuli response due to which the energy level of the coordinated ligand could be modulated.

Coordination-Driven Self-Assembled Zn-Ln Metallocycles Based on a Salicylamide Imine Ligand: Synthesis, Structure, and Selective Luminescence Enhancement Induced by OAc.

Five heterometallic Zn-Ln macrocycles based on a salicylamide imine multidentate unsymmetrical ligand HL [1-(2-hydroxy-3-methoxy-benzamido)-2-(2-hydroxy-3-methoxy-benzylideneamino)-ethane] have been prepared via a coordination-driven self-assembly strategy. Single-crystal X-ray diffraction analysis reveals that the five metallocycles are isomorphic with a formula of [ZnLnL(OH)(NO)(HO)]·3NO· nCHCN (ZnLn-1, where Ln = Pr, Nd, Eu, Tb, or Yb; for ZnPr-1, n = 4; for ZnNd-1, ZnEu-1, and ZnTb-1, n = 2; for ZnYb-1, n = 3), where six octadentate ligands L and two in situ-formed μ-OH ions bridged the alternating Zn-Ln-Zn subunits into a macrocycle. Along with the structural novelty, ZnNd-1 shows distinctive enhanced emission in the visible and near-infrared range upon addition of OAc.

Novel double layer lanthanide metal-organic networks for sensing applications.

A trifunctional aromatic building block (HL) containing three different types of functional groups (carboxyl C([double bond, length as m-dash]O)OH, aldehyde C([double bond, length as m-dash]O)H, and O-ether) was applied for the hydrothermal synthesis of two novel lanthanide 2D coordination polymers [Ln(μ-HL)(μ-L)(phen)] {Ln = Tb (1) and Eu (2); HL = 5-methoxy-(4-benzaldehyde)-1,3-benzene dicarboxylic acid; phen = 1,10-phenanthroline}. Both compounds 1 and 2 are isostructural and reveal very complicated 2D metal-organic double layers with the 3,4L27 topology. The presence of free aldehyde groups positioned outside of the double layers opens up a possibility of using them as functional groups toward sensing amines and small organic molecules.

A core-shell metal-organic-framework (MOF)-based smart nanocomposite for efficient NIR/HO-responsive photodynamic therapy against hypoxic tumor cells.

Core-shell MOF-based smart nanocomposite UCNPs/MB@ZIF-8@catalase (UCNPs = upconversion nanoparticles; MB = methylene blue; ZIF = zeolitic imidazolate framework) has been constructed for bio-imaging and efficient NIR/HO-responsive photodynamic therapy against hypoxic tumor cells. The nanoporous MOF shell can prevent aggregation of photosensitizers and serve as an efficient self-sufficient oxygen gas acceptor.

NIR light/H2O2-triggered nanocomposites for a highly efficient and selective synergistic photodynamic and photothermal therapy against hypoxic tumor cells.

In this work, smart near-infrared (NIR) light/H2O2-triggered and O2-evolving nanocomposites were designed and applied for efficient production of (1)O2 by converting a deeply penetrating NIR light into a visible light to excite the photosensitizers and achieve a self-sufficiency of the O2 generation in the photodynamic therapy process to overcome the hypoxia-induced drug resistance.

An Elaborate Supramolecular Assembly for a Smart Nanodevice for Ratiometric Molecular Recognition and Logic Gates.

Ingenious approaches to supramolecular assembly for fabricating smart nanodevices is one of the more significant topics in nanomaterials research. Herein, by using surface quaternized cationic carbon dots (CDots) as the assembly and fluorescence platform, anionic sulfonatocalix[4]arene with modifiable lower and upper rims as a connector, as well as in situ coordination of Tb(3+) ions, we propose an elaborate supramolecular assembly strategy for the facile fabrication of a multifunctional nanodevice. The dynamic equilibrium characteristics of the supramolecular interaction can eventually endow this nanodevice with functions of fluorescent ratiometric molecular recognition and as a nano-logic gate with two output channels.

A multifunctional nanocomposite for luminescence resonance energy transfer-guided synergistic monitoring and therapy under single near infrared light.

By utilizing a drug coordinated to Eu(3+) as a blocker of luminescence resonance energy transfer from the Eu(3+) complex to gold nanotriangles, we successfully implemented multiple functions into one nanocomposite; it operates under single near infrared light and is efficient for the temperature/luminescence monitoring of drug release and synergistic turning-on of photothermal chemotherapy.

Proanthocyanidins Extracted from Rhododendron pulchrum Leaves as Source of Tyrosinase Inhibitors: Structure, Activity, and Mechanism.

The objective of this study was to assess the structure, anti-tyrosinase activity, and mechanism of proanthocyanidins extracted from Rhododendron pulchrum leaves. Results obtained from mass spectra of matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS) and high performance liquid chromatography electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (HPLC-ESI-MS) revealed that proanthocyanidins were complex mixtures of procyanidins, prodelphinidins, propelargonidins, and their derivatives, among which procyanidins were the main components. The anti-tyrosinase analysis results indicated that the mixtures were reversible and mixed competitive inhibitors of tyrosinase.

Multistimuli-Responsive Luminescence of Naphthalazine Based on Aggregation-Induced Emission.

Stimuli-responsive luminescent materials, which are dependent on changes in physical molecular packing modes, have attracted more and more interest over the past ten years. In this study, 2,2-dihydroxy-1,1-naphthalazine was synthesized and shown to exhibit different fluorescence emission in solution and solid states with characteristic aggregation-induced emission (AIE) properties. A remarkable change in the fluorescence of 2,2-dihydroxy-1,1-naphthalazine occurred upon mechanical grinding, heating, or exposure to solvents.

Investigation of the Optoelectronic Properties of Ti-doped Indium Tin Oxide Thin Film.

In this study, direct-current magnetron sputtering was used to fabricate Ti-doped indium tin oxide (ITO) thin films. The sputtering power during the 350-nm-thick thin-film production process was fixed at 100 W with substrate temperatures increasing from room temperature to 500 °C. The Ti-doped ITO thin films exhibited superior thin-film resistivity (1.

Photodimerization behaviour of 1D-3D Zn(II) coordination polymers with tetrazolyl styrylpyridine.

The [2 + 2] photodimerization of tetrazolyl styrylpyridine leads to single-crystal-to-single-crystal transformations of four Zn(II) coordination polymers with 1D-3D structures, exhibiting controllable reaction extent, luminescence decrease or blue shift, and a two-step reaction process with a phase transition point.

A lanthanide salen "square prism" and a wrapped exo-lanthanide salen "double decker".

An erbium(iii) salen "square prism" and a supramolecular aggregate of exo-erbium(iii) salen "double-decker" cations wrapped by an anionic cuprous cyanide network were prepared from N,N'-ethylene bis[4-(diethylamino)salicylideneimine. Both erbium(iii) edifices show fine-structure near-infrared (NIR) luminescence under the excitation in the visible light area. Here we provide a novel and efficient method for stabilizing non-isolable lanthanide edifices in the solid state.

Energy band structure tailoring of vertically aligned InAs/GaAsSb quantum dot structure for intermediate-band solar cell application by thermal annealing process.

This study presents an band-alignment tailoring of a vertically aligned InAs/GaAs(Sb) quantum dot (QD) structure and the extension of the carrier lifetime therein by rapid thermal annealing (RTA). Arrhenius analysis indicates a larger activation energy and thermal stability that results from the suppression of In-Ga intermixing and preservation of the QD heterostructure in an annealed vertically aligned InAs/GaAsSb QD structure. Power-dependent and time-resolved photoluminescence were utilized to demonstrate the extended carrier lifetime from 4.

Quantum control study of ultrafast optical responses in semiconductor quantum dot devices.

Two quantum control spectroscopic techniques were applied to study InAs quantum dot (QD) devices, which contain different strain-reducing layers. By adaptively control light matter interaction, a delayed resonant response from the InAs QDs was found to be encoded into the optimal phase profile of ultrafast optical pulse used. We verified the delayed resonant response to originate from excitons coupled to acoustic phonons of InAs QDs with two-dimensional coherent spectroscopy.