The Interaction of Mandarin Fish DDX41 with STING Evokes type I Interferon Responses Inhibiting Ranavirus Replication.

DDX41 is an intracellular DNA sensor that evokes type I interferon (IFN-I) production via the adaptor stimulator of interferon gene (STING), triggering innate immune responses against viral infection. However, the regulatory mechanism of the DDX41-STING pathway in teleost fish remains unclear. The mandarin fish () is a cultured freshwater fish species that is popular in China because of its high market value.

Deletion of the Infectious spleen and kidney necrosis virus ORF069L reduces virulence to mandarin fish Siniperca chuatsi.

Mandarin fish (Siniperca chuatsi) is a significant cultured species with high added value in China. With the expansion of farming, diseases of mandarin fish such as Infectious spleen and kidney necrosis virus (ISKNV) diseases are becoming more and more serious. Human endogenous retrovirus subfamily H long terminal repeat associating protein 2 (HHLA2) is a type 1 transmembrane molecule with three extracellular Ig domains (IgV-IgC-IgV) and plays important roles in the T cell proliferation and tumorigenesis.