Adsorption and desorption of bis-(3-sulfopropyl) disulfide during Cu electrodeposition and stripping at Au electrodes.

The adsorption and desorption of bis-(3-sulfopropyl) disulfide (SPS) on Cu and Au electrodes and its electrochemical effect on Cu deposition and dissolution were examined using cyclic voltammetry stripping (CVS), field-emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). SPS dissociates into 3-mercapto-1-propanesulfonate when it is contacted with Au and Cu electrodes, producing Cu(I)- and Au(I)-thiolate species. These thiolates couple with chloride ions and promote not only the reduction of Cu(2+) in Cu deposition but also the oxidation of Cu(0) to Cu(+) in Cu stripping.

Electrodeposition of copper on a Pt(111) electrode in sulfuric acid containing poly(ethylene glycol) and chloride ions as probed by in situ STM.

This study employed real-time in situ STM imaging to examine the adsorption of PEG molecules on Pt(111) modified by a monolayer of copper adatoms and the subsequent bulk Cu deposition in 1 M H(2)SO(4) + 1 mM CuSO(4)+ 1 mM KCl + 88 μM PEG. At the end of Cu underpotential deposition (~0.35 V vs Ag/AgCl), a highly ordered Pt(111)-(√3 × √7)-Cu + HSO(4)(-) structure was observed in 1 M H(2)SO(4) + 1 mM CuSO(4).

In situ STM imaging of bis-3-sodiumsulfopropyl-disulfide molecules adsorbed on copper film electrodeposited on Pt(111) single crystal electrode.

The adsorption of bis-3-sodiumsulfopropyldi-sulfide (SPS) on metal electrodes in chloride-containing media has been intensively studied to unveil its accelerating effect on Cu electrodeposition. Molecular resolution scanning tunneling microscopy (STM) imaging technique was used in this study to explore the adsorption and decomposition of SPS molecules concurring with the electrodeposition of copper on an ordered Pt(111) electrode in 0.1 M HClO(4) + 1 mM Cu(ClO(4))(2) + 1 mM KCl.

Effect of chloride ions on the adsorption of 3-mercapto-1-propanesulfonic acid and bis(3-sulfopropyl)-disulfide on a Au(111) surface.

In situ scanning tunneling microscopy (STM) and cyclic voltammetry (CV) were used to study the adsorption of 3-mercapto-1-propanesulfonic acid (MPS) and bis(3-sulfopropyl)-disulfide (SPS) on Au(111) electrode in a HClO(4) aqueous solution. Chloride ions were introduced into the electrolyte solution, and their effect on the adsorption behavior of MPS and SPS was investigated. The CV results show that SPS and MPS molecules preferentially adsorb on the Au(111) surface compared to chloride ions, and furthermore, chloride ion can induce the adsorption of thiol molecules on the Au(111) surface.

In situ STM revelation of the adsorption and polymerization of aniline on Au(111) electrode in perchloric acid and benzenesulfonic acid.

In situ scanning tunneling microscopy (STM) was used to study the adsorption and polymerization of aniline on Au(111) single-crystal electrode in 0.1 M perchloric acid and 0.1 M benzenesulfonic acids (BSA) containing 30 mM aniline, respectively.

Revelation of the spatial structures and polymerization of aniline on Au(100) electrode by in situ scanning tunnelling microscopy.

In situ STM imaging of Au(100) electrode in 1 M HClO4 + 0.03 M aniline revealed highly ordered aniline adlattices of (2 radical 2 x 4 radical 2)R45 degrees and (radical 10 x radical 10)R18 degrees and polyaniline molecules exhibiting wiggling conformations at potentials negative and positive of 0.95 V (vs.

3-Mercapto-1-propanesulfonic acid and Bis(3-sulfopropyl) disulfide adsorbed on Au(111): in situ scanning tunneling microscopy and electrochemical studies.

3-Mercapto-1-propanesulfonic acid (MPS) and bis(3-sulfopropyl) disulfide (SPS) adsorbed on a Au(111) electrode were studied by using in situ scanning tunneling microscopy (STM). Although the adsorptions of MPS and SPS are known to be oxidative and reductive, respectively, on an Au(111) electrode, these two admolecules behave similarly in terms of phase evolution, surface coverage, potential for stripping, and characteristics of cyclic voltammetry. However, different adsorption mechanisms of these molecules result in different structures.