Development and validation of a green and sustainable procedure for the preparation of Perilla frutescens extracts.

A procedure combining supercritical CO and ultrasound-assisted (USC-CO) extraction was developed to obtain rosmarinic acid (RA)-rich extracts from Perilla frutescens. Based on extraction yields and efficiencies, USC-CO was considered the best extraction method among the methods studied for obtaining RA from P. frutescens.

Protective effects of Dendrobium candidum Wall ex Lindl. on high-fat diet-induced liver damage in mice.

D. candidum Wall. ex Lindl.

A green approach for the extraction and characterization of oridonin and ursolic and oleanolic acids from Rabdosia rubescens and its kinetic behavior.

An ultrasound-assisted supercritical carbon dioxide (USC-CO) procedure was developed for the extraction of ursolic acid, oleanolic acid and oridonin from Rabdosia rubescens, with yields that were 9.84-10.46 and 15.

Clinical Evaluation of IntelliPlex™ KRAS G12/13 Mutation Kit for Detection of KRAS Mutations in Codon 12 and 13: A Novel Multiplex Approach.

Background: Colorectal cancer (CRC) is among the most frequently occurring cancers worldwide and its incidence is forecasted to increase. Testing for KRAS (Kirsten rat sarcoma viral oncogene homolog) mutations in colorectal tissue biopsy samples has become a crucial tool to guide therapeutic decisions for personalized treatment.

Objective: The objective of this study was to determine the diagnostic sensitivity and specificity of the IntelliPlex™ KRAS G12/13 Mutation Kit using clinical specimens compared to Sanger sequencing as the reference method.

HDAC1,2 Knock-Out and HDACi Induced Cell Apoptosis in Imatinib-Resistant K562 Cells.

Since imatinib (Glivec or Gleevec) has been used to target the BCR-ABL fusion protein, chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) has become a manageable chronic disease with long-term survival. However, 15%-20% of CML patients ultimately develop resistance to imatinib and then progress to an accelerated phase and eventually to a blast crisis, limiting treatment options and resulting in a poor survival rate. Thus, we investigated whether histone deacetylase inhibitors (HDACis) could be used as a potential anticancer therapy for imatinib-resistant CML (IR-CML) patients.

HDAC1 and HDAC2 Double Knockout Triggers Cell Apoptosis in Advanced Thyroid Cancer.

Anaplastic thyroid carcinoma (ATC) and squamous thyroid carcinoma (STC) are both rare and advanced thyroid malignancies with a very poor prognosis and an average median survival time of 5 months and less than 20% of affected patients are alive 1 year after diagnosis. The clinical management of both ATC and STC is very similar because they are not particularly responsive to radiotherapy and chemotherapy. This inspired us to explore a novel and effective clinically approved therapy for ATC treatment.

CRISPR/Cas9 Genome Editing of Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor Sufficiently Abolished Oncogenicity in Anaplastic Thyroid Cancer.

Anaplastic carcinoma of the thyroid (ATC), also called undifferentiated thyroid cancer, is the least common but most aggressive and deadly thyroid gland malignancy of all thyroid cancers. The aim of this study is to explore essential biomarker and use CRISPR/Cas9 with lentivirus delivery to establish a gene-target therapeutic platform in ATC cells. At the beginning, the gene expression datasets from 1036 cancers from CCLE and 8215 tumors from TCGA were collected and analyzed, showing EGFR is predominantly overexpressed in thyroid cancers than other type of cancers ( = 0.

Development and characterization of a green procedure for apigenin extraction from Scutellaria barbata D. Don.

This study compared the use of ultrasound-assisted supercritical CO (USC-CO) extraction to obtain apigenin-rich extracts from Scutellaria barbata D. Don with that of conventional supercritical CO (SC-CO) extraction and heat-reflux extraction (HRE), conducted in parallel. This green procedure yielded 20.

The Application of Non-Invasive Apoptosis Detection Sensor (NIADS) on Histone Deacetylation Inhibitor (HDACi)-Induced Breast Cancer Cell Death.

Breast cancer is the most common malignancy in women and the second leading cause of cancer death in women. Triple negative breast cancer (TNBC) subtype is a breast cancer subset without ER (estrogen receptor), PR (progesterone receptor) and HER2 (human epidermal growth factor receptor 2) expression, limiting treatment options and presenting a poorer survival rate. Thus, we investigated whether histone deacetylation inhibitor (HDACi) could be used as potential anti-cancer therapy on breast cancer cells.

Regulatory Efficacy of Brown Seaweed Lessonia nigrescens Extract on the Gene Expression Profile and Intestinal Microflora in Type 2 Diabetic Mice.

Scope: In this study, the antidiabetic activity of Lessonia nigrescens ethanolic extract (LNE) is investigated in streptozotocin (SZT)-induced type 2 diabetic mice fed with a high-sucrose/high-fat diet.

Methods And Results: Ultra high performance liquid chromatography coupled with photo-DAD and electospray ionization-mass spectrometry (ESI-MS) is employed to analyze the major compounds in LNE. The components of the intestinal microflora in type 2 diabetic mice are analyzed by high-throughput next-generation 16S rRNA gene sequencing.

Hepatoprotective effects of raspberry (Rubus coreanus Miq.) seed oil and its major constituents.

Raspberry seed is a massive byproduct of raspberry juice and wine but usually discarded. The present study employed a microwave-assisted method for extraction of raspberry seed oil (RSO). The results revealed that omega-6 fatty acids (linoleic acid and γ-linolenic acid) were the major constituents in RSO.

Isotypes of autoantibodies against differentially expressed novel malondialdehyde-modified peptide adducts in serum of Taiwanese women with rheumatoid arthritis.

Unlabelled: This study identified and validated four differentially expressed novel malondialdehyde (MDA)-modified peptide adducts and evaluated autoantibodies against native and MDA-modified peptides among Taiwanese women patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA), osteoarthritis (OA) and healthy controls (HCs). Ig kappa chain C region, alpha-1-antitrypsin, alpha-2-macroglobulin, and apolipoprotein B-100 exhibiting 2-fold differences in relative modification ratios were identified by concanavalin A (Con A) affinity chromatography, 1D SDS-PAGE, in-gel digestion, nano-LC/MS/MS and nano-LC/MS using pooled serum-derived Con A-captured proteins from 9 RA and 9 age-matched HCs. Furthermore, the levels of proteins, serum MDA, and MDA-modified protein adducts were further validated against individual serum from 20 RA and 20 HCs, and autoantibodies against native and their MDA-modified peptides used 45 RA, 30 OA and 45 HCs.

A rapid and quantitative method to detect human circulating tumor cells in a preclinical animal model.

Background: As cancer metastasis is the deadliest aspect of cancer, causing 90% of human deaths, evaluating the molecular mechanisms underlying this process is the major interest to those in the drug development field. Both therapeutic target identification and proof-of-concept experimentation in anti-cancer drug development require appropriate animal models, such as xenograft tumor transplantation in transgenic and knockout mice. In the progression of cancer metastasis, circulating tumor cells (CTCs) are the most critical factor in determining the prognosis of cancer patients.

Evaluation of occupation hot exposure in industrial workplaces in a subtropical country.

Objectives: The objective of this study has been to evaluate the occupational heat exposure of 12 workers at 5 plants in a subtropical country.

Material And Methods: The heat stresses and strain on workers in 5 plants were assessed by the International Organization for Standardization (ISO) 7243 index (wet bulb globe temperature - WBGT) and the ISO 7933 index (maximum allowable exposure time - D).

Results: Results indicated that 42% of the subjects (5 workers) surpassed the WBGT limits.

Production of oridonin-rich extracts from Rabdosia rubescens using hyphenated ultrasound-assisted supercritical carbon dioxide extraction.

Background: Among active components in Rabdosia rubescens, oridonin has been considered a key component and the most valuable compound because it has a wide range of activities beneficial to human health. To produce a high-quality oridonin extract, an alternative hyphenated procedure involving an ultrasound-assisted and supercritical carbon dioxide (HSC-CO ) extraction method to extract oridonin from R. rubescens was developed in this study.

Extraction of α-humulene-enriched oil from clove using ultrasound-assisted supercritical carbon dioxide extraction and studies of its fictitious solubility.

Clove buds are used as a spice and food flavoring. In this study, clove oil and α-humulene was extracted from cloves using supercritical carbon dioxide extraction with and without ultrasound assistance (USC-CO2 and SC-CO2, respectively) at different temperatures (32-50°C) and pressures (9.0-25.

Comparative analysis of novel autoantibody isotypes against citrullinated-inter-alpha-trypsin inhibitor heavy chain 3 (ITIH3)(542-556) peptide in serum from Taiwanese females with rheumatoid arthritis, primary Sjögren's syndrome and secondary Sjögren's syndrome in rheumatoid arthritis.

Unlabelled: The purpose of this study was to discover and validate inter-alpha-trypsin inhibitor heavy chain H3 (ITIH3) as novel biomarkers, and evaluate autoantibody isotypes against an unmodified and citrullinated ITIH3(542-556) peptide among Taiwanese female patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA), primary Sjögren's syndrome (pSS), secondary Sjögren's syndrome in rheumatoid arthritis (RA-sSS), and healthy controls (HCs). We used concanavalin A (Con A) affinity chromatography, 1-D SDS-PAGE, and label-free nano-LC-MS/MS to screen biomarker candidates (serum-derived Con A-captured proteins) and then identify PTMs of validated biomarkers (serum proteins) using pooled serum from 7 RA-sSS female patients and 7 age-matched HCs (the discovery set). Furthermore, the protein level and autoantibody isotype analyses were further validated against individual serum from 18 HCs, 18 RA, 18 pSS, and 18 RA-sSS patients (the validation set).

Determination of Oleanolic and Ursolic Acids in Hedyotis diffusa Using Hyphenated Ultrasound-Assisted Supercritical Carbon Dioxide Extraction and Chromatography.

Oleanolic acid (OA) and ursolic acid (UA) were extracted from Hedyotis diffusa using a hyphenated procedure of ultrasound-assisted and supercritical carbon dioxide (HSC-CO2) extraction at different temperatures, pressures, cosolvent percentages, and SC-CO2 flow rates. The results indicated that these parameters significantly affected the extraction yield. The maximal yields of OA (0.

Development and validation of a modified ultrasound-assisted extraction method and a HPLC method for the quantitative determination of two triterpenic acids in Hedyotis diffusa.

In the present study, the oleanolic acid (OA) and ursolic acid (UA) contents ofHedyotis diffusa and H. corymbosa were determined by a rapid, selective and accurate method combining modified ultrasound-assisted extraction (MUAE) and HPLC. Compared with traditional extraction methods, MUAE reduced the extraction time, the extraction temperature and the solvent consumption and maximized the extraction yields of OA and UA.

Ultrasound-assisted extraction and quantitation of oils from Syzygium aromaticum flower bud (clove) with supercritical carbon dioxide.

This study evaluated ultrasound-assisted supercritical carbon dioxide (USC-CO2) extraction for determining the extraction yields of oils and the contents of eugenol, β-caryophyllene, eugenyl acetate and α-humulene from clove buds. Compared to traditional SC-CO2 extraction, USC-CO2 extraction might provide a 13.5% increase in the extraction yield for the oil while utilizing less severe operating parameters, such as temperature, pressure, CO2 flow rate and the time consumed by the process.

Development of a hyphenated procedure of heat-reflux and ultrasound-assisted extraction followed by RP-HPLC separation for the determination of three flavonoids content in Scutellaria barbata D. Don.

A hyphenated procedure of heat-reflux and ultrasound-assisted extraction (HUAE), and an accurate high-performance liquid chromatographic (HPLC) method were developed for the determination of apigenin, baicalin and luteolin content in Scutellaria barbara D. Don. The suitable HUAE conditions for the extraction of target compounds from the herb were identified as an ultrasonic frequency of 40kHz, power of 185W, duty cycle of 75% (intermittent sonication), mean particle size of 0.

Optimisation of an ultrasound-assisted extraction followed by RP-HPLC separation for the simultaneous determination of oleanolic acid, ursolic acid and oridonin content in Rabdosia rubescens.

Introduction: Rabdosia rubescens is a commonly used herb in traditional Chinese medicine and contains diterpenoids, triterpenoids and various other compounds. Among these components, oridonin, oleanolic acid and ursolic acid have gained considerable interest concerning anti-cancer activities. However, there is no suitable currently available method for the simultaneous evaluation of these three bioactive compounds in R.

Effects of UV irradiation on humic acid removal by ozonation, Fenton and Fe⁰/air treatment: THMFP and biotoxicity evaluation.

Effects of UV irradiation on humic acid (HA) removal by Fe(0)/air, ozonation and Fenton oxidation were investigated. The trihalomethane forming potential (THMFP) and toxicity of treated solutions were also evaluated. The experimental conditions were ozone of 21 mg min(-1), H(2)O(2) of 8 × 10(-4)M, Fe(0) of 20 g L(-1), air flow of 5 L min(-1), and UVC of 9 W.

Effects of dissolved oxygen on dye removal by zero-valent iron.

Effects of dissolved oxygen concentrations on dye removal by zero-valent iron (Fe(0)) were investigated. The Vibrio fischeri light inhibition test was employed to evaluate toxicity of decolorized solution. Three dyes, Acid Orange 7 (AO7, monoazo), Reactive Red 120 (RR120, diazo), and Acid Blue 9 (AB9, triphenylmethane), were selected as model dyes.