Ligliptin for treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus with early renal injury: Efficacy and impact on endogenous hydrogen sulfide and endothelial function.

Background: Diabetes is a clinically common chronic disease, and its incidence has been increasing in recent years. Diabetes is believed to accelerate the process of atherosclerosis in patients, and abnormal endothelial function is an important factor leading to diabetic kidney damage.

Aim: To investigate the efficacy of ligliptin in the treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) with early renal injury and its effect on serum endogenous hydrogen sulfide (HS), endothelial cell particles, and endothelial function.

Effects of glucose and insulin on the H9c2 (2-1) cell proliferation may be mediated through regulating glucose transporter 4 expression.

Background: The change of glucose transporter 4 (GLUT4) expression could influence glucose uptake in the myocardial cells and then effect myocardial metabolism, which maybe one of the factor for the diabetes cardiovascular disease. This study aimed to explore the influence of glucose and insulin at different concentrations on H9c2 (2-1) cell proliferation and its GLUT4 expression in vitro, and evaluate the correlation between myocardial cells proliferation and GLUT4 expression. This might be helpful for understanding the relationship between glucose metabolism and cardiovascular disease.

Basal insulin therapy strategy is superior to premixed insulin therapy in the perioperative period blood glucose management.

Background: The probability and risk of operations increase in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. For diabetic patients, blood glucose control is a key factor to improving the prognosis of surgery. During perioperative period, insulin therapy is usually advised to be used for surgical patients with type 2 diabetes.

Chemerin and apelin are positively correlated with inflammation in obese type 2 diabetic patients.

Background: As two novel adipocytokines, chemerin and apelin play a key role in the pathological process of insulin resistance (IR), glucose metabolism and obesity, researchers have found that the levels of chemerin and apelin changed significantly in type 2 diabetic patients with obesity, however, the underlying mechanism involved remains unclear. The aim of this study was to investigate whether chemerin and apelin play an important role in the pathophysiologic proceeding of diabetes.

Methods: This study enrolled 81 newly diagnosed obese type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) patients (T2DM group, n = 81).

[A genetic and clinical study in a family with familial hypercholesterolemia].

Objective: To investigate the low density lipoprotein receptor (LDLR) gene and apolipoprotein (Apo) B gene mutation in a Chinese family with familial hypercholesterolemia (FH) and give the kindreds clinical check-ups.

Methods: After physical examination, the kindreds underwent ECG and ultrasound checks. Blood samples were tested for lipid profiles.

Dynamic expression of glucose transporters 1 and 3 in the brain of diabetic rats with cerebral ischemia reperfusion.

Background: Blood glucose control improves the outcome of diabetic patients with stroke, but the target range of blood glucose control remains controversial. The functional recruitment of ischemia penumbra is extremely important to the recovery after stroke. The present study aimed to explore the expression of brain-type glucose transporters (GLUT1 and GLUT3) in cerebral ischemic penumbra at different blood glucose levels and different ischemic-reperfusion time in diabetic hypoxia-ischemia rats.

Mesenchymal stem cell therapy for diabetes through paracrine mechanisms.

Type 1 diabetes is a chronic disorder characterized by the destruction of pancreatic islet beta-cells through autoimmune assault. Insulin replacement is the current main therapeutic approach. In recent years, several studies have showed that mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) transplantation can improve the metabolic profiles of diabetic animal models.

[Clinical evaluation of efficacy and safety of nateglinide in the treatment of type 2 diabetes].

Objective: To evaluate the efficacy and safety of nateglinide, a new antidiabetic agent, in the treatment of type 2 diabetes.

Methods: A total of 219 treatment-naïve patients with type 2 diabetes from 6 centers were enrolled in this study and blindly divided into nateglinide group (n = 105) and repaglinide group (n = 114). In all patients, the disease was confirmed for at least three months.

Influence of blood glucose on the expression of glucose trans-porter proteins 1 and 3 in the brain of diabetic rats.

Background: The delivery of glucose from the blood to the brain involves its passage across the endothelial cells of the blood-brain barrier (BBB), which is mediated by the facilitative glucose transporter protein 1 (GLUT(1)), and then across the neural cell membranes, which is mediated by GLUT(3). This study aimed to evaluate the dynamic influence of hyperglycemia on the expression of these GLUTs by measuring their expression in the brain at different blood glucose levels in a rat model of diabetes. This might help to determine the proper blood glucose threshold level in the treatment of diabetic apoplexy.

Adipocytokines and breast cancer risk.

Background: Many researches suggested that obesity increased the risk of breast cancer, but the mechanism was currently unknown. Adipocytokines might mediate the relationship. Our study was aimed to investigate the relationship between serum levels of resistin, adiponectin and leptin and the onset, invasion and metastasis of breast cancer.

Differentiation of bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells from diabetic patients into insulin-producing cells in vitro.

Background: Stem cells, which have the ability to differentiate into insulin-producing cells (IPCs), would provide a potentially unlimited source of islet cells for transplantation and alleviate the major limitations of availability and allogeneic rejection. Therefore, the utilization of stem cells is becoming the most promising therapy for diabetes mellitus (DM). Here, we studied the differentiation capacity of the diabetic patient's bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) and tested the feasibility of using MSCs for beta-cell replacement.