Chronic pretreatment of metformin is associated with the reduction of the no-reflow phenomenon in patients with diabetes mellitus after primary angioplasty for acute myocardial infarction.

Introduction: Metformin is one of the most commonly prescribed antihyperglycemic agents for the treatment of type 2 diabetes. However, little is known about the effect of metformin on no-reflow in diabetic patients.

Aim: In this study, we investigated retrospectively whether chronic pretreatment with metformin was associated with no-reflow in diabetic patients who underwent primary coronary intervention for acute myocardial infarction (AMI).

The effect of statins on the no-reflow phenomenon: an observational study in patients with hyperglycemia before primary angioplasty.

Background: An association between admission plasma glucose levels and an increased risk of no-reflow has been well documented. Although HMG-CoA reductase inhibitor (statin) therapy can reduce no-reflow, little is known about its effect on no-reflow in patients with hyperglycemia. In the present study, we investigated whether pretreatment with a statin could reduce no-reflow in patients with hyperglycemia, who underwent primary coronary intervention for acute myocardial infarction (AMI).

Intravenous adenosine reduces myocardial no-reflow by decreasing endothelin-1 via activation of the ATP-sensitive K+ channel.

Unlabelled: It has been verified that adenosine can attenuate myocardial no-reflow. However, the effects of adenosine on adenosine triphosphate-sensitive K+ (KATP) channel and endothelin-1 (ET-1) are unknown.

Methods: Forty mini-swines were randomized into 5 study groups: 8 in the control group, 8 in the adenosine pretreatment group, 8 in the glibenclamide (K(ATP) channel blocker)-treated group, 8 in the adenosine and glibenclamide-pretreated group and 8 in the sham-operated group.

Remote periconditioning reduces myocardial no-reflow by the activation of K ATP channel via inhibition of Rho-kinase.

Unlabelled: Remote periconditioning is induced by brief cycles of ischemia and reperfusion of a remote organ applied during sustained myocardial ischemia. It remains unknown whether the remote periconditioning reduces myocardial no-reflow. The adenosine triphosphate-sensitive potassium (K(ATP)) channel opening and inhibition of Rho-kinase may be the important mechanism of protection against myocardial no-reflow.

Comparison of in-hospital and long-term outcomes between a Cypher stent and a Taxus stent in Chinese diabetic patients with coronary artery disease.

Background: The sirolimus and paclitaxel distribution patterns and tissue residence time may be modified in atherosclerotic lesions for patients with diabetes, and the biological mechanisms of action for these agents differ significantly. Previous clinical trials have yielded discrepant results of major adverse cardiac events and restenosis between a sirolimus-eluting stent and a paclitaxel-eluting stent in coronary artery disease. Therefore, this study was conducted to compare in-hospital and long-term clinical outcomes between patients receiving sirolimus-eluting stent (Cypher or Cypher Select stent) and paclitaxel-eluting stent (Taxus Express stent) after percutaneous intervention (PCI) in Chinese patients with diabetes.

Effect of statin therapy on reperfusion arrhythmia in patients who underwent successful primary angioplasty.

Background: In animal models, pretreatment with statin can prevent reperfusion arrhythmia. In the observational study, we investigated whether pretreatment with statin may prevent reperfusion arrhythmia in patients who underwent primary coronary intervention for acute myocardial infarction (AMI).

Method And Results: A total of 226 consecutive patients who underwent successful primary angioplasty for a first AMI were studied.

Chronic pretreatment of ACEI reduces no-reflow in patients with acute myocardial infarction treated with primary angioplasty.

Background: In animal models, pretreatment with angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor (ACEI) can reduce no-reflow. In the present study, we investigated whether pretreatment with ACEI may prevent no-reflow in patients who underwent primary coronary intervention for AMI.

Method And Results: A total of 259 consecutive patients who underwent primary angioplasty for a first AMI were studied.

Apolipoprotein E polymorphism influences lipid phenotypes in Chinese families with familial combined hyperlipidemia.

Background: Apolipoprotein E (apoE) polymorphism is associated with changes in the lipoprotein profile of individuals with familial combined hyperlipidemia (FCHL), but its effects on the lipoprotein profiles of members of Chinese families with FCHL remain uncertain.

Methods And Results: 43 FCHL families (n=449) and 9 normolipidemic families (n=73) were recruited to assess the influence of apoE polymorphism on plasma lipids. The relative frequency of the epsilon4 allele in affected and unaffected FCHL relatives, spouses and normolipidemic members was 13.

Patients with low high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol or smoking are more likely to develop myocardial infarction among subjects with a visible lesion or stenosis in coronary artery.

Background: Traditional contrast coronary arteriography affords only an indirect view of aspects of atheromata related to their propensity to trigger thromboses, so it is urgent to recognize the vulnerable person who is more likely to develop myocardial infarction (MI) among patients with visible lesion or stenosis in coronary artery.

Methods And Results: Two hundred and eighty-eight patients (144 MI patients, 144 controls) who had either a visible lesion or differing extent of stenosis in 1 or more major coronary arteries were consecutively enrolled. Lipid profile, C-reactive protein (CRP), smoking, hypertension, dyslipidemia and diabetes were analyzed for their association with MI.

[Glycolytic and fatty acid metabolic enzyme changes early after acute myocardial ischemia].

Objective: To explore the changes of mRNA and protein expressions of glycolytic and fatty acid metabolic enzymes early after acute myocardial ischemia.

Methods: Twelve dogs were randomly divided into 3 groups (sham, 20 min ischemia and 40 min ischemia, n = 4 each). Myocardial samples from ischemic and nonischemic zone were obtained for histology examination, and the mRNA expressions for Phosphofructokinase (PFK), Glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GAPDH), GLUT1, GLUT4, Medium-chain acyl-CoA dehydrogenase (MCAD) and Heart-fatty acid binding protein (H-FABP) were determined by Real Time PCR-SYBR Green RT-PCR.

Apolipoprotein B is associated with metabolic syndrome in Chinese families with familial combined hyperlipidemia, familial hypertriglyceridemia and familial hypercholesterolemia.

There is a paucity of data concerning the metabolic syndrome (MetS) in families with familial combined hyperlipidemia (FCHL), familial hypertriglyceridemia (FHTG), familial hypercholesterolemia (FH) and normolipidemic families in China. This study investigated the prevalence of MetS in these families and explored potential factors relevant to MetS. We recruited 70 families with 560 individuals > or = 20 years of age, including 43 FCHL families with 379 individuals, 3 FHTG families with 30 individuals, 16 FH families with 102 individuals and 8 normolipidemic families with 49 individuals.

Associations of apolipoprotein B with pulse pressure and glucose in Chinese families with familial combined hyperlipidemia.

Familial combined hyperlipidemia (FCHL), with a marked elevation of apolipoprotein B (apoB), is estimated to cause 10-20% of premature coronary artery disease. However, little data are available to demonstrate the associations of apoB with pulse pressure and glucose levels in FCHL families in China. This study was to investigate the potential influence factors for blood pressure and glucose phenotypes in FCHL families by multiple linear regression analysis.

[Apolipoprotein B is associated with metabolic syndrome in Chinese pedigrees with familial hyperlipidemia].

Objective: To investigate the prevalence of metabolic syndrome (MS) as well as the potential predictors in families with familial combined hyperlipidemia (FCHL), familial hypertriglyceridemia (FHTG), familial hypercholesterolemia (FH) and normolipidemic families in China.

Methods: The prevalence of MS was identified among 70 different families with 560 individuals aged > or = 20, including 43 FCHL families with 379 individuals, 3 FHTG families with 30 individuals, 16 FH families with 102 individuals and 8 normolipidemic families with 49 individuals. Diagnosis of MS was based on the modified criteria of National Cholesterol Education Program, US, substituting body mass index for waist circumference.

[Chlamydia pneumoniae infection increases the risk of coronary artery disease in the patients with dyslipidemia].

Objective: To investigates the role of chlamydia pneumoniae (CP) infection in the development of coronary artery disease (CAD) in the patients with dyslipidemia, and to examine the gender related differences in this role.

Methods: 523 inpatients with dyslipidemia and 1196 inpatients without dyslipidemia tested for specific CP IgG by enzyme-linked immunoassay. Multivariate analyses were performed in the patients with and without dyslipidemia, and in the subgroups of male and female dyslipidemic patients to get the adjusted odds ratio (OR) (95% confidence intervals) of CAD for a given risk factor.

Smoking increases the risk of coronary artery disease in Chinese with Chlamydia pneumoniae infection.

Background: The infection with Chlamydia pneumoniae (Cp) has been claimed to associate with coronary artery disease (CAD). However, the seroepidemiological study of association between Cp infection and CAD still remains a source of controversy. The aim of the present study is to investigate the possible association of Cp infection with CAD in Chinese mainland population and the potential role of Cp infection combined with the traditional risk factors in CAD.

[An association of apolipoprotein B with pulse pressure in Chinese pedigrees with familial combined hyperlipidemia].

Objective: To investigate the influencing factors of blood pressure phenotypes and the distribution of FDH in FCHL families.

Methods: Forty-two FCHL families with 435 members, 147 consanguine members and 90 members without consanguinity from Beijing area were studied. Eleven of the 42 FCHL families (26.

[Association of herpes simplex virus type2 infection with dyslipidemia in Chinese].

Objective: To investigate the relationship between herpes simplex virus type 2 (HSV-2) infection and dyslipidemia.

Methods: ELISA was used to detect the specific IgG to HSV-2 in the samples of peripheral blood collected in succession from 1 244 inpatients, 408 with dyslipidemia and 836 controls without dyslipidemia. Univariate and multivariate analyses were preformed.