NaV(PO) cathode materials for advanced sodium-ion batteries: Modification strategies and density functional theory calculations.

With the rapid development of electric vehicles and smart grids, the demands for energy supply systems such as secondary batteries are increasing exponentially. Despite the world-renowned achievements in portable devices, lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) have struggled to meet the demands due to the constraints of total lithium resources. As the most promising alternative to LIBs, sodium-ion batteries (SIBs) are generating widespread research enthusiasm around the world.

Identification of serum tsRNA-Thr-5-0015 and combined with AFP and PIVKA-II as novel biomarkers for hepatocellular carcinoma.

Accumulating evidence has shown that tRNA-derived small RNAs (tsRNAs) play crucial roles in malignant tumor development. However, whether serum tsRNAs can act as potential biological markers for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) are still largely unknown. In the current study, a novel tsRNA, namely tsRNA-Thr-5-0015, was prominently elevated in the sera of HCC patients than that of hepatitis cases and healthy check-ups, and it was related with TNM stage and lymphatic metastasis of HCC patients.

Heterogeneous enhancer states orchestrate β cell responses to metabolic stress.

Obesity-induced β cell dysfunction contributes to the onset of type 2 diabetes. Nevertheless, elucidating epigenetic mechanisms underlying islet dysfunction at single cell level remains challenging. Here we profile single-nuclei RNA along with enhancer marks H3K4me1 or H3K27ac in islets from lean or obese mice.

Immunomodulatory effects of Fructus corni acidic polysaccharide and its selenium nanoparticles composites in hepatocellular carcinoma.

Natural polysaccharides have promising application prospects in cancer immunotherapy due to their excellent biocompatibility and immunomodulatory effects. In this study, an acidic polysaccharide (FCP-3) from Fructus corni with good immunomodulatory effects was extracted. Stable polysaccharide‑selenium nanoparticles composites (FCP-SeNPs) were synthesized to enhance the immunoregulatory effects of FCP-3.

Highly expressed B3GALT5-AS1 contributes to gastric cancer progression by recruiting WDR5 to mediate B3GALT5 and regulating β-catenin/ZEB1 axis.

Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) play an important role in the progression of gastric cancer (GC), but its specific regulatory mechanism remains to be further studied. We previously identified that lncRNA B3GALT5-AS1 was upregulated in GC serum. Here, we investigated the functions and molecular mechanisms of B3GALT5-AS1 in GC tumorigenesis.

Sodium compensation: a critical technology for transforming batteries from sodium-starved to sodium-rich systems.

Sodium-ion batteries (SIBs) have attracted wide attention from academia and industry due to the low cost and abundant sodium resources. Despite the rapid industrialization development of SIBs, it still faces problems such as a low initial coulombic efficiency (ICE) leading to a significant decrease in battery energy density (., 20%).

Single-atom catalysts for electrocatalytic nitrate reduction into ammonia.

Ammonia (NH) is a versatile and important compound with a wide range of uses, which is currently produced through the demanding Haber-Bosch process. Electrocatalytic nitrate reduction into ammonia (NRA) has recently emerged as a sustainable approach for NHsynthesis under ambient conditions. However, the NRA catalysis is a complex multistep electrochemical process with competitive hydrogen evolution reaction that usually results in poor selectivity and low yield rate for NHsynthesis.

Preparation and Performance Evaluation of Polysaccharide-Iron Complex of .

An innovative iron supplement crucial for treating iron-deficiency anemia was developed in this study. Polysaccharide was extracted from leaves using a microwave-assisted hot water method, and subsequently, the polysaccharide-iron complex was synthesized through co-thermal synthesis with FeCl. The physicochemical properties, structure, and thermal stability of the complex were analyzed using FE-SEM, SEC-MALLS, FT-IR, XRD, and DSC techniques.

Disentangling transcriptomic heterogeneity within the human subgenual anterior cingulate cortex.

The subgenual anterior cingulate cortex (sgACC) is a critical site for understanding the neural correlates of affect and emotion. While the activity of the sgACC is functionally homogenous, it is comprised of multiple Brodmann Areas (BAs) that possess different cytoarchitectures. In some sgACC BAs, Layer 5 is sublaminated into L5a and L5b which has implications for its projection targets.

Ultrathin NiO nanosheets anchored to a nitrogen-doped dodecahedral carbon framework for aqueous potassium-ion hybrid capacitors.

Hierarchical porous structures and well-modulated interfacial interactions are essential for the performance of electrode materials. The energy storage performance can be promoted by regulating the diffusion behavior of the electrolyte and constructing a coupled interaction at heterogeneous interfaces. Herein, we have synthesized ultrathin NiO nanosheets anchored to nitrogen-doped hierarchical porous carbon (NiO/N-HPC) and applied it to construct aqueous potassium ion hybrid capacitors (APIHCs).

Dynamical Janus Interface Design for Reversible and Fast-Charging Zinc-Iodine Battery under Extreme Operating Conditions.

Aqueous zinc (Zn) iodine (I) batteries have emerged as viable alternatives to conventional metal-ion batteries. However, undesirable Zn deposition and irreversible iodine conversion during cycling have impeded their progress. To overcome these concerns, we report a dynamical interface design by cation chemistry that improves the reversibility of Zn deposition and four-electron iodine conversion.

Systematic assessment of serum i-tRF-AsnGTT in gastric cancer: a potential clinical biomarker.

Since gastric cancer shows no apparent signs in its early stages, most patients are diagnosed later with a poor prognosis. We therefore seek more sensitive and specific GC biomarkers. Small RNAs formed from tRNAs represent a novel class of non-coding RNAs that are highly abundant in bodily fluids and essential to biological metabolism.

Molecular and cellular rhythms in excitatory and inhibitory neurons in the mouse prefrontal cortex.

Previous studies have shown that there are rhythms in gene expression in the mouse prefrontal cortex (PFC); however, the contribution of different cell types and potential variation by sex has not yet been determined. Of particular interest are excitatory pyramidal cells and inhibitory parvalbumin (PV) interneurons, as interactions between these cell types are essential for regulating the excitation/inhibition balance and controlling many of the cognitive functions regulated by the PFC. In this study, we identify cell-type specific rhythms in the translatome of PV and pyramidal cells in the mouse PFC and assess diurnal rhythms in PV cell electrophysiological properties.

Model-based multifacet clustering with high-dimensional omics applications.

High-dimensional omics data often contain intricate and multifaceted information, resulting in the coexistence of multiple plausible sample partitions based on different subsets of selected features. Conventional clustering methods typically yield only one clustering solution, limiting their capacity to fully capture all facets of cluster structures in high-dimensional data. To address this challenge, we propose a model-based multifacet clustering (MFClust) method based on a mixture of Gaussian mixture models, where the former mixture achieves facet assignment for gene features and the latter mixture determines cluster assignment of samples.

Ultrasensitive detection of chlortetracycline in animal-origin food using molecularly imprinted electrochemical sensor based on SnS/ZnCo-MOF and AuNPs.

The chlortetracycline (CTC) residue in food poses a threat to human health. Therefore, developing sensitive, convenient and selective analytical methods for CTC detection is crucial. This study innovatively uses tin disulfide/bimetallic organic framework (SnS/ZnCo-MOF) nanocomposites in conjunction with gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) to co-modify a glassy carbon electrode (GCE).

Cell-type and sex-specific rhythmic gene expression in the nucleus accumbens.

Circadian rhythms are critical for human health and are highly conserved across species. Disruptions in these rhythms contribute to many diseases, including psychiatric disorders. Previous results suggest that circadian genes modulate behavior through specific cell types in the nucleus accumbens (NAc), particularly dopamine D1-expressing medium spiny neurons (MSNs).

Metabolomic analysis reveals the changing trend and differential markers of volatile and nonvolatile components of Artemisiae argyi with different aging years.

Introduction: Artemisia argyi Folium (AAF) is a traditional medicinal herb and edible plant. Analyzing the differential metabolites that affect the efficacy of AAF with different aging years is necessary.

Objective: The aim of the study was to investigate the changing trend and differential markers of volatile and nonvolatile metabolites of AAF from different aging years, which are necessary for application in clinical medicine.

Rational Design of an In-Situ Polymer-Inorganic Hybrid Solid Electrolyte Interphase for Realising Stable Zn Metal Anode under Harsh Conditions.

The in-depth understanding of the composition-property-performance relationship of solid electrolyte interphase (SEI) is the basis of developing a reliable SEI to stablize the Zn anode-electrolyte interface, but it remains unclear in rechargeable aqueous zinc ion batteries. Herein, a well-designed electrolyte based on 2 M Zn(CFSO)-0.2 M acrylamide-0.

Towards a biomimetic cellular structure and physical morphology with liposome-encapsulated agarose sol systems.

The cytoplasm, serving as the primary hub of cellular metabolism, stands as a pivotal cornerstone for the harmonious progression of life. The ideal artificial cell should not only have a biomembrane structure system similar to that of a cell and the function of carrying genetic information, but also should have an intracellular environment. In this pursuit, we employed a method involving the incorporation of glycerol into agarose, resulting in the formation of agarose-glycerol mixed sol (AGs).

Inhibition of Vanadium Cathodes Dissolution in Aqueous Zn-Ion Batteries.

Aqueous zinc-ion batteries (AZIBs) have experienced a rapid surge in popularity, as evident from the extensive research with over 30 000 articles published in the past 5 years. Previous studies on AZIBs have showcased impressive long-cycle stability at high current densities, achieving thousands or tens of thousands of cycles. However, the practical stability of AZIBs at low current densities (<1C) is restricted to merely 50-100 cycles due to intensified cathode dissolution.

Effects of lactic acid bacteria on antioxidant activity in vitro and aroma component of tea.

tea is a popular functional health drink in Asian countries, but its unique herbal aroma is difficult for consumers to accept. The effects of four lactic acid bacteria strains (, , and ) fermentation on the physicochemical property, antioxidant activity in vitro and aroma component of leaves were studied. Within the four strains, the sample by fermentation showed the higher concentrations of chlorogenic acid, geniposidic acid and stronger antioxidant activity in vitro.

Comparative rhythmic transcriptome profiling of human and mouse striatal subregions.

The human striatum can be subdivided into the caudate, putamen, and nucleus accumbens (NAc). In mice, this roughly corresponds to the dorsal medial striatum (DMS), dorsal lateral striatum (DLS), and ventral striatum (NAc). Each of these structures have some overlapping and distinct functions related to motor control, cognitive processing, motivation, and reward.