Dosimetric investigation of couch rotation angles in non-coplanar VMAT plans for lung cancer SBRT.

Background: This study aimed to investigate the effect of couch rotation angles on non-coplanar volumetric modulated arc therapy (ncVMAT) plan for stereotactic body radiotherapy (SBRT) in lung cancer patients and to evaluate the feasibility of clinically applying ncVMAT for SBRT.

Methods: Twenty-four lung cancer patients with a single lesion eligible for SBRT were enrolled in the study. Seven dual partial-arc VMAT plans with varying couch angles were designed for every patient.

The E3 ubiquitin ligase COP1 and transcription factors HY5 and RHD6 integrate light signaling and root hair development.

Light signaling plays a substantial role in regulating plant development, including the differentiation and elongation of single-celled tissue. However, the identity of the regulatory machine that affects light signaling on root hair cell (RHC) development remains unclear. Here, we investigated how darkness inhibits differentiation and elongation of RHC in Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana).

Membrane Interactions of GET1 and GET2 Facilitate Fiber Cell Initiation through the Guided Entry of the TA Protein Pathway in Cotton.

The guided entry of TA proteins (GET) pathway, which is responsible for the post-translational targeting and insertion of the tail-anchored (TA) protein into the endoplasmic reticulum (ER), plays an important role in physiological processes such as protein sorting, vesicle trafficking, cell apoptosis, and enzymatic reactions in which the GET1/2 complex is indispensable. However, a comprehensive study of the and genes and the GET pathway in cotton has not yet been carried out. Here, 12 and 21 genes were identified in nine representative plant species, and the phylogenetic relationships, gene structures, protein motifs, cis-regulatory elements (CREs), and temporal and spatial expression profiles were analyzed thoroughly.

Autoimmune complications of tyrosine kinase inhibitors in cancer therapy: Clinical insights, mechanisms, and future perspectives.

The tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) have emerged as a promising class of novel anticancer drugs, achieving significant success in clinical applications. However, the risk of autoimmune diseases associated with these drugs has raised widespread concerns. In this review, TKI-induced autoimmune diseases are reviewed in order to understand this complex phenomenon through clinical research and molecular mechanism exploration.

Phytochemicals, Two New Sulphur Glycosides and Two New Natural Products, from Shepherd's Purse Seed and Their Activities.

Two new sulfur glycosides, bursapastoris A-B (-), were extracted and isolated from shepherd's purse seed, along with two new natural products, 11-(methylsulfinyl)undecanoic acid () and 10-(methylsulfinyl)decanoic acid (). Their structures were determined though infrared spectroscopy, one-dimensional nuclear magnetic resonance (H and C), and electrospray ionization mass spectrometry. Additionally, the structures of - were further identified by two-dimensional nuclear magnetic resonance (HMBC, HSQC, H-H COSY, and NOESY).

Cotton Pectate Lyase GhPEL48_Dt Promotes Fiber Initiation Mediated by Histone Acetylation.

, a Pectate lyase (PEL, EC4.2.2.

Identification and Prediction of Differentially Expressed MicroRNAs Associated with Detoxification Pathways in Larvae of .

poses a severe threat to crops, causing substantial economic losses. The increased use of chemical pesticides has led to resistance in populations. Micro ribonucleic acids (MicroRNAs or miRNAs) are pivotal in insect growth and development.

Microfiber/Nanofiber/Attapulgite Multilayer Separator with a Pore-Size Gradient for High-Performance and Safe Lithium-Ion Batteries.

Lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) have an extremely diverse application nowadays as an environmentally friendly and renewable new energy storage technology. The porous structure of the separator, one essential component of LIBs, provides an ion transport channel for the migration of ions and directly affects the overall performance of the battery. In this work, we fabricated a composite separator (GOP-PH-ATP) via simply laminating an electrospun polyvinylidene fluoride-hexafluoropropylene (PVDF-HFP) nanofibrous membrane coated with attapulgite (ATP) nanoparticles onto a PP nonwoven microfibrous fabric, which exhibits a unique porous structure with a pore-size gradient along the thickness direction that ranges from tens of microns to hundreds of nanometers.

YTE-17 inhibits colonic carcinogenesis by resetting antitumor immune response via Wnt5a/JNK mediated metabolic signaling.

The density and composition of lymphocytes infiltrating colon tumors serve as predictive factors for the clinical outcome of colon cancer. Our previous studies highlighted the potent anti-cancer properties of the principal compounds found in (YTE-17), attributing these effects to the regulation of multiple signaling pathways. However, knowledge regarding the mechanism and effect of YTE-17 in the prevention of colorectal cancer is limited.

A novel single nucleotide mutation of TFL1 alters the plant architecture of Gossypium arboreum through changing the pre-mRNA splicing.

A single nucleotide mutation from G to A at the 201st position changed the 5' splice site and deleted 31 amino acids in the first exon of GaTFL1. Growth habit is an important agronomic trait that plays a decisive role in the plant architecture and crop yield. Cotton (Gossypium) tends to indeterminate growth, which is unsuitable for the once-over mechanical harvest system.

Under-Oil Superhydrophilic/Superhydrophobic Janus Nanofibrous Membrane for Highly Efficient Separation of Surfactant-Stabilized Water-in-Oil Emulsions.

Highly efficient separation of surfactant-stabilized water-in-oil emulsions with both a high separation efficiency and high permeation flux is still challenging. In this work, an under-oil superhydrophilic/superhydrophobic Janus membrane was fabricated by combining an electrospun poly(vinylidene fluoride-co-hexafluoropropylene) (PVDF-HFP) membrane and its modified membrane composited with poly(ethylene glycol) diacrylate (PEGDA). The incorporation of PEGDA is realized by in situ ultraviolet (UV)-initiated polymerization during the electrospinning process, and it endows the upper layer with unique under-oil superhydrophilicity that is very important for the demulsification of water-in-oil emulsions.

Quality of life and its influencing factors on children with asthma in China: a comparative study before and during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Objective: This study compares the level of quality of life (QoL) and its influencing factors on children with asthma before and during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Methods: The study carried out cross-sectional surveys on children with asthma and their parents in China before and during the epidemic. Data were collected using a demographic questionnaire, the Family Management Scale for Children with Asthma (FMSCA), and the Pediatric Asthma Quality of Life Questionnaire (PAQLQ).

inhibits tryptophan metabolism via the AhR/β-catenin signaling pathway to counter the progression of colorectal cancer.

(), a gram-negative anaerobic bacterium, is selectively decreased in the fecal microbiota of patients with colorectal cancer (CRC), but its molecular mechanism in CRC development remains inconclusive. In this study, we first confirmed the inhibitory effect of on CRC formation and analyzed the metabolic role of intestinal flora in human Polyps, A-CRA (advanced colorectal adenoma) and CRC samples. To better clarify the role of in CRC development, a pseudo-germ-free (GF) azoxymethane (AOM)/dextran sulfate sodium (DSS) mouse model was established, followed by infection with or without .

Phytochemical Constituents from the Seeds of Capsella bursa-pastoris and Their Antioxidant Activities.

Phytochemical investigation of 70% EtOH extract of the seeds of Capsella bursa-pastoris led to the isolation of a new cyclobutane organic acid (1), and fourteen known compounds, including two organosulfur compounds (2, 3), two quinonoids (4, 5), five flavonoids (6-10), three sterols (11-13) and two other types (14, 15). The structures of the compounds were elucidated by extensive spectroscopic analyses as well as comparison of their spectroscopic data with those reported in the literature. The antioxidant capacities of all compounds and extractive fractions were evaluated by the 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical-scavenging test and ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) assay.

Dissection of a rapidly evolving wheat resistance gene cluster by long-read genome sequencing accelerated the cloning of Pm69.

Gene cloning in repeat-rich polyploid genomes remains challenging. Here, we describe a strategy for overcoming major bottlenecks in cloning of the powdery mildew resistance gene (R-gene) Pm69 derived from tetraploid wild emmer wheat. A conventional positional cloning approach was not effective owing to suppressed recombination.

Skeleton Synthesis of a Plant-Derived Radioprotective Alkaloid Born to Produce a Novel Fused Heterocycle.

Alkaloids are a material treasure bestowed on humans by nature owing to their numerous biological activities. Orychophragine D, an alkaloid isolated from the seeds of was identified as bearing a novel skeleton and proved to have an excellent radioprotective effect. Different from the common alkaloid structure, the main block of orychophragine D is constructed of an oxotriazine and an oxopiperazine, which are connected in parallel by a C-N bond.

Haplotype Analysis Sheds Light on the Genetic Evolution of the Powdery Mildew Resistance Locus in Species.

Wheat powdery mildew ( f. sp. , , recently clarified as s.

Intracellular Reactive Oxygen Species-Aided Localized Cell Death Contributing to Immune Responses Against Wheat Powdery Mildew Pathogen.

Reactive oxygen species (ROS)- and hypersensitive response (HR)-mediated cell death have long been known to play critical roles in plant immunity to pathogens. Wheat powdery mildew caused by f. sp.

Suppression of the target of rapamycin kinase accelerates tomato fruit ripening through reprogramming the transcription profile and promoting ethylene biosynthesis.

Tomato fruit ripening is a unique process of nutritional and energy metabolism. Target of rapamycin (TOR), a conserved serine/threonine protein kinase in eukaryotes, controls cell growth and metabolism by integrating nutrient, energy, and hormone signals. However, it remains unclear whether TOR participates in the modulation of tomato fruit ripening.

Discovery of pentacyclic triterpenoid glycosides with anti-proliferative activities from Ardisialindleyana.

One new pentacyclic triterpenoid glycoside, ardisiapunine E (1), along with two known compounds were isolated from the root of Ardisia lindleyana D.Dietr. Their structures were elucidated by H and C NMR, DEPT, HMBC, HSQC, H-H COSY and NOESY spectroscopic analyses, ESI-MS, and literature.

Exosomes derived from MDR cells induce cetuximab resistance in CRC via PI3K/AKT signaling‑mediated Sox2 and PD‑L1 expression.

The anti-EGFR antibody cetuximab is used as a first-line targeted therapeutic drug in colorectal cancer. It has previously been reported that the efficacy of the EGFR antibody cetuximab is limited by the emergence of acquired drug resistance. In our previous study the transmissibility effect of exosomes from drug resistant tumor cells to sensitive tumor cells was identified.

First Report of Powdery Mildew Caused by on in China.

Humulus scandens, (Lour.) Merr., is a climbing herb which are used as traditional Chinese medicine, a raw material for papermaking, making soap, and replacing hops H.

Reference genes selection of Paeonia ostii 'Fengdan' under osmotic stresses and hormone treatments by RT-qPCR.

Background: Tree peony possess significant ornamental, medicinal and oil values. Osmotic stresses including dehydratiuon and salinity limit the expansion of cultivation area of tree peony. Information on reference genes selection under osmotic stress and hormone stimulation of tree peony still limited.