Succinate metabolism and its regulation of host-microbe interactions.

Succinate is a circulating metabolite, and the relationship between abnormal changes in the physiological concentration of succinate and inflammatory diseases caused by the overreaction of certain immune cells has become a research focus. Recent investigations have shown that succinate produced by the gut microbiota has the potential to regulate host homeostasis and treat diseases such as inflammation. Gut microbes are important for maintaining intestinal homeostasis.

The short- and long-term efficacy analysis of stereotactic surgery combined external ventricular drainage in the treatment of the secondary intraventricular hemorrhage.

Objective: To evaluate the clinical value of minimally invasive stereotactic puncture therapy (MISPT) combined with external ventricular drainage (EVD) on secondary intraventricular hemorrhage (SIVH).

Methods: A retrospective analysis of the patients of intraventricular hemorrhage from May 2013 to January 2015 was conducted in our hospital, according to the enrollment criterion; of which 40 patients were treated by MISPT combined with EVD (ME group) and 45 patients by conventional craniotomy combined with EVD (CE group). Related indicators were compared in the two groups of patients with short- and long-term efficacy.