Tough and Functional Hydrogel Coating by Electrostatic Spraying.

Hydrogel coatings impart superior surface properties to materials, but their application on large and complicated substrates is hindered by two challenges: limited wetting conditions and intricate curing processes. To overcome the challenges, lyophilized adhesive hydrogel powders (LAHPs) are developed, which consist of poly(acrylic acid-co-3-(trimethoxysilyl)propyl methacrylate) crosslinked with chitosan. These powders are electrostatic sprayed onto substrates to address wetting issues and rehydrated to form bulk hydrogel coatings to circumvent curing challenges.

Ghrelin Inhibits Inflammasomes Activation in Astrocytes, Alleviates Pyroptosis, and Prevents Lipopolysaccharide-induced Depression-like Behavior in Mice.

Depression is the leading cause of disability worldwide and places a significant burden on society. Neuroinflammation is closely associated with the pathophysiology of depression. Increasing evidence suggests that astrocytes, as the most abundant glial cells in the brain, are involved in the occurrence and development of depression due to morphological abnormalities and dysfunction.

Potassium Nitrate in Heart Failure With Preserved Ejection Fraction: A Randomized Clinical Trial.

Importance: Nitric oxide deficiency may contribute to exercise intolerance in patients with heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF). Prior pilot studies have shown improvements in exercise tolerance with single-dose and short-term inorganic nitrate administration.

Objective: To assess the impact of chronic inorganic nitrate administration on exercise tolerance in a larger trial of participants with HFpEF.

Switchable Fluorescence of a Mechanical Stimulus-Responsive Au-P-S Complex.

The reaction of [(3-bdppmapy)(AuCl)] with NaHmna (3-bdppmapy = N,N'-bis-(diphenylphosphanylmethyl-3-aminopytidine, Hmna = 2-mercaptonicotinic acid)) resulted in a tetranuclear Au-P-S complex [(3-bdppmapy)(AuHmna)(AuCl)] () which emitted bright yellow fluorescence at 542 nm under 377 nm excitation (QY = 5.3%, = 0.83 ns).

Biomimetic Nanostructured Polyimine Aerogels with Graded Porosity, Flame Resistance, Intrinsic Superhydrophobicity, and Closed-Loop Recovery.

Polymer aerogels, with their porous and lightweight features, excel in applications such as energy storage, absorption, and thermal insulation, making them a sought-after new material. However, the covalent cross-linking networks of current polymer aerogels result in unsustainable manufacturing and processing practices, persistently depleting our finite natural resources and causing significant global environmental impacts. Herein, we have constructed a high-performance dynamic covalent cross-linking aerogel network using biobased materials, with its structure and green sustainability akin to those of plants in nature.

Kynureninase induce cuproptosis resistance in gastric cancer progression through downregulating lipotic acid synthetase mediated non-canonical mechanism.

Background: Gastric cancer (GC) is among the most malignant tumors, with the lowest five-year survival rate, and limited treatment options. Kynureninase (KYNU), is a key molecule in tryptophan metabolism and promotes tumor progression and immunosuppression. Cuproptosis is a non-apoptotic cell death mechanism, primarily due to oxidative stress caused by copper ion accumulation, that is related to tumor progression and drug resistance.

Iron Oxide Nanoparticles Induce Macrophage Secretion of ATP and HMGB1 to Enhance Irradiation-Led Immunogenic Cell Death.

ATP (adenosine triphosphate) and HMGB1 (high mobility group box 1 protein) are key players in treatments that induce immunogenic cell death (ICD). However, conventional therapies, including radiotherapy, are often insufficient to induce ICD. In this study, we explore a strategy using nanoparticle-loaded macrophages as a source of ATP and HMGB1 to complement radiation-induced intrinsic and adaptive immune responses.

Electromagnetic-Driven Spider-Inspired Soft Robot Using Electroelastic Materials and Conductive Actuators.

Soft robots have developed gradually in the fields of portability, high precision, and low noise level due to their unique advantages of low noise and low energy consumption. This paper proposes an electromagnetically driven elastomer, using gelatin and glycerol (GG) as matrix materials and a mixture of multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) and Ag NWs (MA) as the conductive medium. Inchworm-inspired and spider-inspired soft robots have been developed, demonstrating fast movement speed, flexibility, and loading performance.

Chemical Basis and Molecular Mechanism of Aged Qingzhuan Tea Alleviating DSS-Induced Colitis.

Scope: Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) poses a serious threat to human health. Qingzhuan tea (QZT), especially aged QZT, was concerned to have a potential effect on the prevention of colitis. In this study, we aim to assess the feasibility of different aged QZT on the alleviation of colitis induced by DSS.

Activation of IP10/CXCR3 Signaling is Highly Coincidental with PrP Deposition in the Brains of Scrapie-Infected Mice.

Objective: To analyze the relationship between Chemokine IP10 and its receptor CXCR3 during prion infection.

Methods: We investigated the increases in IP10 signals, primarily localized in neurons within the brains of scrapie-infected mice, using western blotting, ELISA, co-immunoprecipitation, immunohistochemistry, immunofluorescence assays, and RT-PCR.

Results: Both CXCR3 levels and activation were significantly higher in the brains of scrapie-infected mice and prion-infected SMB-S15 cells.

Comparative Analysis of Gut Microbiota Between Wild and Captive Guizhou Snub-Nosed Monkey ().

Maintaining a healthy status is crucial for the successful captive breeding of critically endangered , it is conducive to ex situ conservation of this species and rejuvenation of its population. However, changes in the feeding environment and food can affect the composition and function of the gut microbiota in , ultimately impacting its health and adaptation. Herein, 16S rRNA gene sequencing was employed to determine the gut microbiota composition and functional variations between wild and captive populations.

Effects of dietary probiotic ( I9, G15, or X13) on growth, digestive enzyme activities, immunity, and intestinal microbiota of Pacific white shrimp ().

Pacific white shrimp () is one of the most productive and economically important species globally. However, the development and continuous expansion of the farming scale led to an increase in the risk of disease occurrence in shrimp farming. The application of probiotics as an effective method for controlling diseases in aquaculture has been widely considered.

Gut mycobiome alterations and network interactions with the bacteriome in patients with atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease.

The connection between the gut mycobiome and atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ACVD) is largely uncharted. In our study, we compared the gut fungal communities of 214 ACVD patients with those of 171 healthy controls using shotgun metagenomic sequencing and examined their interactions with gut bacterial communities and network key taxa. The gut mycobiome composition in ACVD patients is significantly different, showing a rise in opportunistic pathogens like , , and , with and showing the most significant changes (Wilcoxon rank-sum test, < 0.

Ultrasound-Triggered Nanogel Boosts Chemotherapy and Immunomodulation in Colorectal Cancer.

Chemotherapy is the primary therapy for colorectal cancer. However, its efficacy has been limited by chemoresistance, which is mainly caused by inadequate intratumoral drug accumulation and immunosuppressive microenvironments. To address these limitations, we developed a low-intensity ultrasound (LIU)-controlled and charge-reversible nanogel (R-NG), utilizing conjugated chitosan-polypyrrole polymers linked via thioketal bonds, with TiO absorbed onto its surface.

Short-Term Effects of Poly-L-Lactic Acid-b-Polyethylene Glycol Microsphere Injection on Different Adipose Tissue Types in Rats.

Background: Wrinkles and sagging, characteristics of aging, are associated with reductions in collagen and fat. Poly-L-lactic acid (PLLA) is widely used clinically as a tissue filler owing to its good biocompatibility and ability to improve wrinkles and signs of aging. Despite extensive studies of the mechanism of action of PLLA when used as a dermal filler, few studies have examined its effects on adipose tissue.

A predictive model for cerebellar mutism syndrome based on lesion map in children with medulloblastoma.

Background: This study aimed to establish a voxel-based map to predict the occurrence of cerebellar mutism syndrome (CMS) and investigate the relationship between CMS and motor dysfunction.

Method: This multicenter study cohort included 224 patients diagnosed with medulloblastoma at Beijing Children's Hospital (n = 88) and Beijing Tiantan Hospital (n = 136). The dataset was randomly divided into training (n = 95), test (n = 41), and validation (n = 88) datasets.

Prospective analysis of the effects of mutation on local tumor progression and overall survival after radiofrequency ablation for colorectal liver metastases.

Objectives: To investigate the effects of mutation on local tumor progression (LTP) and overall survival (OS) after radiofrequency ablation (RFA) for colorectal liver metastases (CRLMs).

Methods: This prospective study consecutively enrolled patients with CRLM who underwent ultrasound-guided RFA between June 2020 and July 2022. mutation status was analyzed via the amplification refractory mutation system PCR method.

Eutrophication-Driven Changes in Plankton Trophic Interactions: Insights from Trade-Offs in Functional Traits.

Understanding how plankton trophic interactions, particularly phytoplankton nutrient uptake and zooplankton grazing, respond to eutrophication is important for maintaining aquatic ecosystem functions and developing effective mitigation strategies. Phytoplankton exhibit trade-offs in functional traits between growth rate and antipredation defense, thereby regulating these trophic interactions. However, the combined effects of eutrophication and such trait-based regulation on plankton communities and interactions remain poorly understood.

Study for Hydrogen Migration Characteristics in the Elbow of a Hydrogen-Doped Natural Gas Pipeline under Normal Transport and Shutdown Conditions.

During the transportation of hydrogen-doped natural gas (HCNG), there is a risk of uneven distribution of hydrogen at the elbow, causing hydrogen damage to the pipeline. Therefore, based on the basic principles of computational fluid dynamics, this paper uses a hybrid model to describe the flow process of HCNG in an elbow. The results show that under normal transportation, the hydrogen volume fraction varies within 0.

Characteristics of soil water-heat-salt coupling and crop response relationships in saline soils under freezing saline water irrigation.

Frozen saline water irrigation (FSWI) is a method of effectively utilizing saline water to alleviate water scarcity. However, the coupled relationships among water, heat, and salt in soil irrigated with frozen saline water and the key influencing factors of FSWI on crop growth have not been clarified. Here, we conducted two consecutive years of in situ field plot experiments that focused on the freeze-thaw period (FTP) and crop growth period (CGP).

Enhancing Bone Regeneration and Osteogenic Quality by -HA Internalized Osteoblasts Synergized with ON Protein: Mechanistic Insights.

Bone scaffolds offer hope for oral jawbone repair, yet improving their osteogenic performance remains a clinical challenge. This study investigates a novel approach to enhance early bone formation and osteogenic quality by coloading hydroxyapatite (HA)─internalized osteoblasts (OHA) and osteonectin (ON) onto various scaffolds. Our findings demonstrated that the OHA could effectively facilitate the early bone regeneration by providing rapid calcium and phosphorus ion release via lysosome-mediated HA degradation, while the ON protein helps in ion deposition, cell proliferation, and matrix mineralization.

Target-conditioned diffusion generates potent TNFR superfamily antagonists and agonists.

Despite progress in designing protein-binding proteins, the shape matching of designs to targets is lower than in many native protein complexes, and design efforts have failed for the tumor necrosis factor receptor 1 (TNFR1) and other protein targets with relatively flat and polar surfaces. We hypothesized that free diffusion from random noise could generate shape-matched binders for challenging targets and tested this approach on TNFR1. We obtain designs with low picomolar affinity whose specificity can be completely switched to other family members using partial diffusion.