Application of GC-MS coupled with chemometrics for scanning serum metabolic biomarkers from renal fibrosis rat.

Renal interstitial fibrosis closely relates to chronic kidney disease and is regarded as the final common pathway in most cases of end-stage renal disease. Metabolomic biomarkers can facilitate early diagnosis and allow better understanding of the pathogenesis underlying renal fibrosis. Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC/MS) is one of the most promising techniques for identification of metabolites.

Picrorhiza scrophulariiflora improves accelerated atherosclerosis through inhibition of redox-sensitive inflammation.

Background: Accumulation of advanced glycation end products (AGEs) or advanced oxidation protein products (AOPPs) has been identified as a risk factor for accelerated atherosclerosis seen in diabetes and chronic kidney disease. However, little is known about the intervention for atherogenesis associated with these oxidized proteins. The rhizome of Picrorhiza scrophulariiflora (PS) has long been used to treat inflammatory diseases as a traditional medication.

Renoprotection of Optimal Antiproteinuric Doses (ROAD) Study: a randomized controlled study of benazepril and losartan in chronic renal insufficiency.

The Renoprotection of Optimal Antiproteinuric Doses (ROAD) study was performed to determine whether titration of benazepril or losartan to optimal antiproteinuric doses would safely improve the renal outcome in chronic renal insufficiency. A total of 360 patients who did not have diabetes and had proteinuria and chronic renal insufficiency were randomly assigned to four groups. Patients received open-label treatment with a conventional dosage of benazepril (10 mg/d), individual uptitration of benazepril (median 20 mg/d; range 10 to 40), a conventional dosage of losartan (50 mg/d), or individual uptitration of losartan (median 100 mg/d; range 50 to 200).

Level of asymmetric dimethylarginine and carotid atherosclerosis in patients with chronic kidney disease.

Objective: To determine the association between asymmetric dimethylarginine (ADMA), an endogenous inhibitor of nitric oxide (NO) synthase, with atherosclerosis in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD).

Methods: One hundred thirty-eight CKD patients were enrolled in this study. Serum levels of L-arginine, ADMA, and SDMA were measured by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC).

Advanced oxidation protein products accelerate atherosclerosis through promoting oxidative stress and inflammation.

Objective: Increased level of plasma advanced oxidation protein products (AOPPs) has been found in patients with uremia and nonuremic subjects with coronary artery disease. This study was conducted to test the hypothesis that AOPPs play a causal role in atherosclerosis.

Methods And Results: Hypercholesterolemic (0.

Efficacy and safety of benazepril for advanced chronic renal insufficiency.

Background: Angiotensin-converting-enzyme inhibitors provide renal protection in patients with mild-to-moderate renal insufficiency (serum creatinine level, 3.0 mg per deciliter or less). We assessed the efficacy and safety of benazepril in patients without diabetes who had advanced renal insufficiency.

[Changes of serum asymmetric dimethylarginine in essential hypertension before and after the treatment].

Objective: To investigate the relationship between serum asymmetric dimethylarginine (ADMA) and blood pressure as well as target organ damage in essential hypertension, and to evaluate the effects of enalapril and losartan on them.

Methods: Forty-two newly diagnoszed patients with essential hypertension were randomly divided into enalapril-treated group and losartan-treated group. Serum ADMA, L-arginine, and nitric oxide( NO) were measured before and after the treatment for 8 weeks.

[Advanced glycation end products accelerate atherosclerosis via enhancement of oxidative stress].

Objective: To investigate the effect of advanced glycation end products (AGE) on atheromatous plaque formation and its possible mechanisms.

Methods: Fifty rabbits were randomly divided into five groups of 10 rabbits: group A, fed with hypercholesterolemic diet and injected intravenously with AGE modified rabbit serum albumin (AGE-RSA); group B, fed with hypercholesterolemic diet and injected with unmodified RSA; group C, fed with hypercholesterolemic diet; group D, fed with normal diet alone: and group E, fed with normal diet and injected with AGE-RSA. Ten weeks after the rabbits were killed.

[Proteins modified with glycation or oxidation products accelerate atherosclerosis in experimental hypercholesterolemic rabbits].

Objective: To investigate whether advanced glycation end products (AGE) or advanced oxidative protein products (AOPP) contributes to atherogenesis in experimental hypercholesterolemic rabbits.

Methods: Hypercholesterolemic (0.5% wt/wt diet) rabbits received repeated intravenous injections of either AGE modified rabbit serum albumin (AGE-RSA) or AOPP modified RSA (AOPP-RSA) for 10 weeks.

[Serum nitric oxide and D-dimer before and after administering antihypertensive drugs in essential hypertension].

Objective: To investigate the relationship among serum nitric oxide, D-dimer, blood pressure, dangerous states and target organ damage in essential hypertension and to evaluate the effects of enalapril and terazosin.

Methods: Fifty-five patients were randomized into the enalapril group and terazosin group, each group receiving enalapril and terazosin respectively for 8 weeks. Serum nitric oxide and D-dimer were measured before and after the treatment.

[Relationship between serum asymmetric dimethylarginine and blood pressure in patients with chronic renal failure].

Objective: To investigate the relationship between serum assymmetric dimethylarginine and blood pressure in patients with chronic renal failure.

Methods: We examined the levels of asymmetric dimethylarginine (ADMA) in the serum and urine of 29 hemodialysis patients using the HPLC method, and assessed the relationship between serum ADMA and blood pressure.

Results: The level of serum ADMA was higher, but the level of urinary ADMA was lower in the patients with chronic renal failure than those in the controls.