Piezo1 regulates colon stem cells to maintain epithelial homeostasis through SCD1-Wnt-β-catenin and programming fatty acid metabolism.

Piezo1, which maintains the integrity and function of the intestinal epithelial barrier, is essential for colonic epithelial homeostasis. However, whether and how Piezo1 regulates colon stem cell fate remains unclear. Here, we show that Piezo1 inhibition promotes colon stem cell proliferation.

Thaumatin-like Gene Confers to Seed Oil Content and Resistance to in Arabidopsis.

The synergistic optimization of yield and abiotic/biotic resistance is of great significance in plant breeding. However, the genomic mechanisms underlying the selection for environmental adaptation and yield-related traits remain poorly understood. In this study, we identified a thaumatin-like protein (TLP), AtTLP1b, which was shown to pleiotropically regulate seed oil content and resistance to by gene knockout and overexpressing experiments in Arabidopsis.

Underestimated anxiety in chronic diseases: A cross-sectional study on specific risk factors.

Globally, approximately one-third of adults are affected by 1 or multiple chronic diseases, posing a considerable threat to mental health, particularly in relation to mental disorders. The objective of our study was to investigate the associations between chronic diseases and anxiety levels, as well as to identify the risk factors that contribute to the occurrence of anxiety in patients with chronic diseases. This cross-sectional survey was conducted from January 1, 2023, to January 1, 2024 at the First People's Hospital of Hangzhou Lin'an District.

Ironmaking and steelmaking process research on Chinese long ring pommel Dao in Han dynasty.

The long ring pommel Dao (a kind of single-edged blade), a significant indigenous Chinese weaponry innovation of the Western Han Dynasty, is researched this study. Employing a comparative research methodology, we conduct a scientific analysis of samples excavated from the tombs of marquisates across various regions of China, spanning from the northern to the southern extremities. This analysis encompasses metallographic examination, inclusion composition analysis, and scanning electron microscopy (SEM), complemented by the application of a metallurgical kinetic model to reconstruct key smelting operations.

Gram-positive probiotics improves acetaminophen-induced hepatotoxicity by inhibiting leucine and Hippo-YAP pathway.

Objectives: Drug-induced liver injury (DILI) can be improved by modulating gut microbiota. We aimed to investigate a probiotic mixture comprising Bifidobacterium Longum, Streptococcus thermophilus, and Lactobacillus delbrueckii subspecies bulgaricus (BSL) in mitigating acetaminophen induced liver injury (AILI), and to elucidate the underlying mechanisms.

Methods: Gut bacterial communities were analyzed in fecal samples from patients with DILI and healthy controls.

Pressure-Assisted Anisotropy in Carbon Nanofiber Films for Smart Electromagnetic Interference Shielding and Joule Heating.

Intelligent electromagnetic interference (EMI) shielding materials with adjustable properties and performances are garnering significant attention due to the escalating complexity of application scenarios for electronic devices. Also, the trend of miniaturization is calling for lightweight and multifunctional materials. Here, the preparation of highly aligned carbon nanofiber film (a-CNFF) by electrospinning technology and a two-stage carbonization process is proposed, in which the pressurization strategy in the carbonization process promotes the development of highly aligned fiber network structures.

Mulberry leaves supplementation modulates ruminal and fecal bacterial community and metabolites in growing mutton sheep.

Mulberry leaves, a traditional Chinese medicine with the values of medicine and food, are rich in various active ingredients and nutrients. Gastrointestinal bacteria are recognized to play a crucial role in food digestion, nutrient metabolism and the host immune health. However, the modulations of mulberry leaves on microbiota and metabolites remain insufficiently understood.

Macrophage peroxisomes guide alveolar regeneration and limit SARS-CoV-2 tissue sequelae.

Peroxisomes are vital but often overlooked metabolic organelles. We found that excessive interferon signaling remodeled macrophage peroxisomes. This loss of peroxisomes impaired inflammation resolution and lung repair during severe respiratory viral infections.

Altered white matter microstructural integrity in patients with postherpetic neuralgia: a combined DTI and DTI-NODDI study.

Background: Postherpetic neuralgia (PHN) is a debilitating condition resulting from herpes zoster infection, characterized by persistent pain that significantly impacts quality of life. This study aimed to investigate the white matter microstructural alterations associated with PHN and to assess the relationship between diffusion metrics and clinical symptoms.

Methods: A total of 29 patients with PHN, 28 patients recovering from herpes zoster (RHZ), and 27 healthy controls (HC) were recruited, and clinical assessments were obtained to evaluate pain intensity and psychological distress.

Identification of a group of 9-amino-acridines that selectively downregulate regulatory T cell functions through FoxP3.

FoxP3 regulatory T cells (Tregs) are responsible for immune homeostasis by suppressing excessive anti-self-immunity. Tregs facilitate tumor growth by inhibiting anti-tumor immunity. Here, we explored the targeting of FoxP3 as a basis for new immunotherapies.

The Diagnostic Value of Interleukin-2 and Interferon-γ Induced by Fusion Protein (ESAT-6/CFP-10/Rv1985c) for Active Mycobacterium tuberculosis Infection.

Objective: This study aimed to evaluate the diagnostic ability of interleukin 2 (IL-2) and interferon gamma (IFN-γ) release assay induced by the fusion protein (ESAT-6/CFP-10/Rv1985c) for detecting active tuberculosis (ATB) in clinically visiting patients.

Methods: A total of 970 subjects (215 in ATB group and 755 in non-ATB group) underwent both an interferon-γ release assay (IGRA) and a TB-DNA PCR assay. Using clinical diagnosis as the gold standard, both qualitative and quantitative test results for IL-2 and IFN-γ were analyzed.

MAEMC-NET: a hybrid self-supervised learning method for predicting the malignancy of solitary pulmonary nodules from CT images.

Introduction: Pulmonary granulomatous nodules (PGN) often exhibit similar CT morphological features to solid lung adenocarcinomas (SLA), making preoperative differentiation challenging. This study aims to address this diagnostic challenge by developing a novel deep learning model.

Methods: This study proposes MAEMC-NET, a model integrating generative (Masked AutoEncoder) and contrastive (Momentum Contrast) self-supervised learning to learn CT image representations of intra- and inter-solitary nodules.

A Machine Learning Model for Post-Concussion Musculoskeletal Injury Risk in Collegiate Athletes.

Background: Emerging evidence indicates an elevated risk of post-concussion musculoskeletal (MSK) injuries in collegiate athletes; however, identifying athletes at highest risk remains to be elucidated.

Objective: The purpose of this study was to model post-concussion MSK injury risk in collegiate athletes by integrating a comprehensive set of variables by machine learning.

Methods: A risk model was developed and tested on a dataset of 194 athletes (155 in the training set and 39 in the test set) with 135 variables entered into the analysis, which included participant's heath and athletic history, concussion injury and recovery specific criteria, and outcomes from a diverse array of concussions assessments.

MAPK and STAT3 Inhibitors Modulate FoxP3 Expression and Regulatory T Cell Function.

Regulatory T cells (Tregs) are a subset of T cells defined by the expression of Forkhead box protein P3 (FoxP3) playing a crucial role in regulating effector T cell activity. Tregs accumulate in the tumor microenvironment facilitating tumor growth. Thus, targeting FoxP3 Tregs could improve cancer immunotherapies.

ArfGAP2 promotes STING proton channel activity, cytokine transit, and autoinflammation.

Stimulator of interferon genes (STING) transmits signals downstream of the cytosolic DNA sensor cyclic guanosine monophosphate-AMP synthase (cGAS), leading to transcriptional upregulation of cytokines. However, components of the STING signaling pathway, such as IRF3 and IFNAR1, are not essential for autoinflammatory disease in STING gain-of-function (STING-associated vasculopathy with onset in infancy [SAVI]) mice. Recent discoveries revealed that STING also functions as a proton channel that deacidifies the Golgi apparatus.

Default mode network-basal ganglia network connectivity predicts the transition to postherpetic neuralgia.

Background: Neuroimaging studies have revealed aberrant network functional connectivity in postherpetic neuralgia (PHN) patients. However, there is a lack of knowledge regarding the relationship between the brain network connectivity during the acute period and disease prognosis.

Objective: The purpose of this study was to detect characteristic network connectivity in the process of herpes zoster (HZ) pain chronification and to identify whether abnormal network connectivity in the acute period can predict the outcome of patients with HZ.

Decoding the Implications of Zinc in the Development and Therapy of Leukemia.

Zinc plays a central role in the hematological development. Therapeutic interventions with zinc are shown to improve the health status of patients with malignancies by stimulating the immune system and reducing side effects. Despite the abnormal zinc homeostasis in leukemia, the role and mechanisms of zinc signaling in leukemia development remain poorly understood.

Thermostable terahertz metasurface enabled by graphene assembly film for plasmon-induced transparency.

With the increasing demand on high-density integration and better performance of micro-nano optoelectronic devices, the operation temperatures are expected to significantly increase under some extreme conditions, posing a risk of degradation to metal-based micro-/nano-structured metasurfaces due to their low tolerance to high temperature. Therefore, it is urgent to find new materials with high-conductivity and excellent high-temperature resistance to replace traditional micro-nano metal structures. Herein, we have proposed and fabricated a thermally stable graphene assembly film (GAF), which is calcined at ultra-high temperature (~ 3000 ℃) during the reduction of graphite oxide (GO).

Comparative Transcriptome Analysis of Gene Expression Between Female and Monoecious L.

Background: Spinach ( L.) is an important leafy vegetable with dioecious and occasional monoecious plants. Monoecious lines are more suitable for hybrid production than dioecious lines due to their extended flowering period.

Metacavities by harnessing the linear-crossing metamaterials.

The formed optical cavity mode intensively relies on the size and geometry of optical cavity. When the defect or impurity exists inside the cavity, the formed cavity mode will be destroyed. Here, we propose a metacavity consisting of arrays of linear-crossing metamaterials (LCMMs) with abnormal dispersion, where each LCMM offers both the directional propagation channel for all incident angles and the negative refraction across its neighboring LCMMs.

Transcriptome and DNA methylation analysis of the goat pineal gland during puberty.

Previous studies have confirmed that methylation regulates gene transcription in the hypothalamus-pituitary-gonadal axis during puberty initiation, but little is known about the regulation of DNA methylation on gene expression in the pineal gland. To screen pineal gland candidate genes related to the onset of goat puberty and regulated by genome methylation, we collected pineal glands from prepubertal and pubertal female goats, then, determined the DNA methylation profile by whole genome bisulfite sequencing and the transcriptome by RNA sequencing on Illumina HiSeqTM2500. We analyzed differentially expressed genes between the Pre group and Pub group using the DESeq2 software (version 1.

MnSOD non-acetylation mimic knock-in mice exhibit dilated cardiomyopathy.

Manganese superoxide dismutase (MnSOD/SOD2) is an essential mitochondrial enzyme that detoxifies superoxide radicals generated during oxidative respiration. MnSOD/SOD2 lysine 68 acetylation (K68-Ac) is an important post-translational modification (PTM) that regulates enzymatic activity, responding to nutrient status or oxidative stress, and elevated levels have been associated with human illness. To determine the in vivo role of MnSOD-K68 in the heart, we used a whole-body non-acetylation mimic mutant (MnSOD) knock-in mouse.

Unveiling the role of microRNAs in nonhost resistance to Sclerotinia sclerotiorum: Rice-specific microRNAs attack the pathogen via cross-kingdom RNAi.

The development of rapeseed with high resistance against the pathogen Sclerotinia sclerotiorum is impeded by the lack of effective resistance resources within host species. Unraveling the molecular basis of nonhost resistance (NHR) holds substantial value for resistance improvement in crops. In the present study, small RNA sequencing and transcriptome sequencing were carried out between rice (a nonhost species of S.

Angle-independent topological interface states in one-dimensional photonic crystal heterostructures containing hyperbolic metamaterials.

Topological interface states (TISs), known for their distinctive capabilities in manipulating electromagnetic waves, have attracted significant interest. However, in conventional all-dielectric one-dimensional photonic crystal (1DPC) heterostructures, TISs strongly depend on incident angle, which limits their practical applications. Here, we realize an angle-independent TIS in 1DPC heterostructures containing hyperbolic metamaterials (HMMs) for transverse magnetic polarized waves.

The Effect of Conditioned Medium from Angiopoietin-1 Gene-Modified Mesenchymal Stem Cells on Wound Healing in a Diabetic Mouse Model.

Introduction: Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have been introduced as a promising treatment for diabetic wounds. The effects of stem cell therapy are thought to be caused by bioactive molecules secreted by stem cells. Stem cell-based gene therapies can target bioactive molecules.