Noninvasive assessment of hepatic steatosis grades by ultrasound derived fat fraction in metabolic dysfunction associated steatotic liver disease.

To evaluate the diagnostic performance of ultrasound-derived fat fraction (UDFF) and clinical prediction models in assessing hepatic steatosis grades in MASLD patients, with liver biopsy as reference standard.A total of 85 obese patients who were found to have fatty liver by B-mode ultrasound and underwent UDFF measurement, with liver biopsy available, were enrolled. The diagnostic performance of UDFF, clinical prediction models including fatty liver index (FLI), hepatic steatosis index (HSI), ZheJiang University index (ZJU index) and lipid accumulation product (LAP) for hepatic steatosis was assessed.

Microbiome and metabolome reveal beneficial effects of baicalin on broiler growth performance and intestinal health.

Normal function and health of the intestinal tract were necessary for the growth and development of broilers. Baicalin (BA) possessed a variety of biological activities. The objective of this study was to examine the impact of BA on the growth performance, intestinal barrier function, intestinal microbiota, and mucosal metabolism in broilers.

Clerodane diterpenoids from the vine stems of Fibraurea recisa Pierre and their hepatic gluconeogenesis inhibitory activity.

Fibraurea recisa Pierre is a vine plant and its vine stems are used as a traditional Chinese medicine to treat heat toxin, constipation, diarrhea, sore throat, eye inflammation, carbuncles, and skin ulcers. The alkaloid chemical composition of this plant has been extensively studied; however, investigations into non-alkaloid components remain limited. In this study, phytochemical studies of the vine stems of F.

Proton Versus CyberKnife Therapy Planning for Hypofractionated Treatment of Prostate With Focal Boost.

Purpose: To compare intensity-modulated proton therapy with CyberKnife (CK) therapy for hypo-fractionated treatments of prostate with focal boost, as a first planning study for prostate with dose escalation to a dominant intraprostatic lesion (DIL).

Materials And Methods: Ten patients who possess one DIL in their prostate and their CK plans that were used to treat the planning target volume of prostate were chosen. Six of the plans were further escalated to DIL.

Cis-Regulation of an mA Eraser by an Insertion Variant Associated with Survival of Patients With Non-Small Cell Lung Carcinoma.

N6-methyladenosine (mA) serves as one of the crucial RNA modifications for genes involved in cancer progression. Here, 7273 expression quantitative trait loci potentially regulating 30 m6A pathway genes are identified from the GTEx database, with 69 single nucleotide polymorphisms significantly associated with survival of non-small cell lung carcinoma (NSCLC) patients (n = 1523) from the ongoing genome-wide association study after false positive probability tests. Notably, the rs151198415 locus, situated in a potential enhancer region, demonstrated a prolonged survival effect with the C>CCACG insertion, which is validated in an independent prospective cohort (n = 237), yielding a pooled hazard ratio of 0.

Towards improved spectroscopic applications in multi-gas environments: CO spectral line parameter measurement and analysis.

The ν + 2ν + ν band of CO is dominated by weak absorption lines near 2.0 uμm, which has potential application in planetary atmosphere, astrophysical, and hydrocarbon fuel combustion investigations. High-quality spectral line parameters are the foundation of spectroscopic technology.

Obesity and survival in advanced non-small cell lung cancer patients treated with chemotherapy, immunotherapy, or chemoimmunotherapy: a multicenter cohort study.

Background: The association of body mass index (BMI) with survival outcomes in patients with advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) treated with first-line chemotherapy, immunotherapy, or chemoimmunotherapy is controversial. We aimed to investigate these associations, including associations in male and female patients specifically, in a multicenter cohort study.

Methods: We retrospectively analyzed data from seven cohorts comprising 7021 advanced non-small cell lung cancer patients who received chemotherapy (three cohorts), immunotherapy (two cohorts), and chemoimmunotherapy (two cohorts) from five data sources, including a de-identified nationwide (US-based) NSCLC clinico-genomic database and two randomized, double-blind, phase 3 clinical trials.

The Pivotal Role of Heavy Terpenes and Anthropogenic Interactions in New Particle Formation on the Southeastern Qinghai-Tibet Plateau.

Aerosol particles originating from the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau (QTP) readily reach the free troposphere, potentially affecting global radiation and climate. Although new particle formation (NPF) is frequently observed at such high altitudes, its precursors and their underlying chemistry remain poorly understood. This study presents direct observational evidence of anthropogenic influences on biogenic NPF on the southeastern QTP, near the Himalayas.

Effects of baicalin and chlorogenic acid on growth performance, slaughter performance, antioxidant capacity, immune function and intestinal health of broilers.

This study aimed to investigate the effects of baicalin and chlorogenic acid (BC) on growth performance, intestinal barrier function, antioxidant capacity, intestinal microbiota, and mucosal metabolism in broilers. A total of 720 twenty-one-day-old broilers were randomly allocated into 3 groups, with 6 replicates per group and 40 chickens per replicate. They were fed a basal diet (Con group) or a basal diet supplemented with 250 or 400 mg/kg BC (BC250 and BC400 groups) for 40 consecutive days.

Preparation of microspheres with sustained ketoprofen release by electrospray for the treatment of aseptic inflammation.

The treatment of aseptic inflammation has always been a clinical challenge. At present, non-steroidal drug-loaded microspheres have been widely used in the treatment of aseptic inflammation due to their excellent injectable and sustained release capabilities. In this study, ketoprofen-loaded shellac microspheres (Keto-SLAC) were prepared by electrospray.

Interactions of peroxy radicals from monoterpene and isoprene oxidation simulated in the radical volatility basis set.

Isoprene affects new particle formation rates in environments and experiments also containing monoterpenes. For the most part, isoprene reduces particle formation rates, but the reason is debated. It is proposed that due to its fast reaction with OH, isoprene may compete with larger monoterpenes for oxidants.

Dimethyl fumarate ameliorates chronic stress-induced anxiety-like behaviors by decreasing neuroinflammation and neuronal activity in the amygdala.

Background: Chronic stress-induced neuroinflammation plays a pivotal role in the development and exacerbation of mental disorders, such as anxiety and depression. Dimethyl Fumarate (DMF), an effective therapeutic agent approved for the treatment of multiple sclerosis, has been widely reported to display anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidative effects. However, the impact of DMF on chronic stress-induced anxiety disorders and the exact underlying mechanisms remain largely unknown.

Tailoring Oxygen-Depleted and Unitary TiCT Surface Terminals by Molten Salt Electrochemical Etching Enables Dendrite-Free Stable Zn Metal Anode.

Two-dimensional TiCT MXene materials, with metal-like conductivities and versatile terminals, have been considered to be promising surface modification materials for Zn-metal-based aqueous batteries (ZABs). However, the oxygen-rich and hybridized terminations caused by conventional methods limit their advantages in inhibiting zinc dendrite growth and reducing corrosion-related side reactions. Herein, -O-depleted, -Cl-terminated TiCT was precisely fabricated by the molten salt electrochemical etching of TiAlC, and controlled in situ terminal replacement from -Cl to unitary -S or -Se was achieved.

Global variability in atmospheric new particle formation mechanisms.

A key challenge in aerosol pollution studies and climate change assessment is to understand how atmospheric aerosol particles are initially formed. Although new particle formation (NPF) mechanisms have been described at specific sites, in most regions, such mechanisms remain uncertain to a large extent because of the limited ability of atmospheric models to simulate critical NPF processes. Here we synthesize molecular-level experiments to develop comprehensive representations of 11 NPF mechanisms and the complex chemical transformation of precursor gases in a fully coupled global climate model.

Ultrasonography is an effective method for evaluating hepatosplenic fungal infections in pediatric onco-hematological patients.

Purpose: This prospective study assessed the value of ultrasonography (US) in the evaluation of hepatosplenic fungal infections (HSFI).

Methods: Thirty-two pediatric participants with confirmed onco-hematological diseases and HSFI were included. Lesions in the liver and/or spleen were detected by US, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), or computed tomography (CT).

Feasibility of patient-specific quality assurance (PSQA) for real-time robotic stereotactic body radiotherapy (SBRT) based on tumor motion traces.

Purpose: To design a patient specific quality assurance (PSQA) process for the CyberKnife Synchrony system and quantify its dosimetric accuracy using a motion platform driven by patient tumor traces with rotation.

Methods: The CyberKnife Synchrony system was evaluated using a motion platform (MODUSQA) and a SRS MapCHECK phantom. The platform was programed to move in the superior-inferior (SI) direction based on tumor traces.

Determination and prediction of standardized ileal amino acid digestibility of wheat bran in broiler chickens.

Objective: The objective of this experiment was to determine the standard ileal digestibility (SID) of amino acid (AA) in 10 different sources of wheat bran fed to broilers and establish the SID AA prediction based on the chemical composition.

Methods: A total of 660 1-day-old broilers were randomly divided into 11 treatments with 6 replicates of 10 chickens each. Diets included 10 semi-purified mash diets and 1 nitrogenfree diet.

A retrospective investigation on clinical and radiographic outcomes of distal tibial fractures after intramedullary nailing using the lateral parapatellar extra-articular approach.

Introduction: According to reports, the modified extra-articular parapatellar approach allows the performance of tibial nailing in the semi-extended position without the concern of joint violation. However, there remains no special study that has provided a detailed assessment of the benefits and risks of this approach for treating distal tibial fractures (DTFs). The aim of this retrospective study was to investigate the clinical and radiological outcomes of patients with DTFs after intramedullary nailing using a lateral parapatellar extra-articular (LPE) approach in comparison to using the suprapatellar (SP) and transpatellar (TP) approaches.

Association of metabolomics with PD-1 inhibitor plus chemotherapy outcomes in patients with advanced non-small-cell lung cancer.

Background: Combining immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) with chemotherapy has become a standard treatment for patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) lacking driver gene mutations. Reliable biomarkers are essential for predicting treatment outcomes. Emerging evidence from various cancers suggests that early assessment of serum metabolites could serve as valuable biomarkers for predicting outcomes.