Dibohemamines I-O from Streptomyces sp. GZWMJZ-662, an endophytic actinomycete from the medicinal and edible plant Houttuynia cordata Thunb.

A chemical investigation of Streptomyces sp. GZWMJZ-662, an endophytic actinomycete isolated from Houttuynia cordata Thunb., has yielded eleven bohemamine dimers (1-11).

Postoperative diarrhea in Crohn's disease: Pathogenesis, diagnosis, and therapy.

Diarrhea is a frequent symptom in postoperative patients with Crohn's diseases (CD), and several different mechanisms likely account for postoperative diarrhea in CD. A targeted strategy based on a comprehensive understanding of postoperative diarrhea is helpful for better postoperative recovery.

Current status of novel biologics and small molecule drugs in the individualized treatment of inflammatory bowel disease.

Treatment strategies for inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) are rapidly evolving with the development of biologics and small molecule drugs (SMDs). However, these drugs are not guaranteed to be effective in all patients, and a "ceiling effect" of biologic monotherapy may occur. This issue highlights an unmet need for optimizing the use of biologics and predicting therapeutic responses.

Perforating and nonperforating indications in repeated surgeries for Crohn's disease.

Background: Despite advances in medical therapy for Crohn's disease (CD), most patients with CD require repeated resection surgeries.

Aim: To analyze the perforating and nonperforating indications of repeated CD operations and identify the anastomosis characteristics for postoperative CD.

Methods: We retrospectively reviewed 386 patients who underwent at least one resection for CD between 2003 and 2013.

Risk Factors for Worsening of Bone Loss in Patients Newly Diagnosed with Inflammatory Bowel Disease.

Background: Bone loss is common in patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). The aim of the present study was to determine the prevalence of metabolic bone disease in patients newly diagnosed with IBD and to identify the risk factors for bone loss over time.

Methods: We performed a retrospective, both cross-sectional and longitudinal, study to extract the risk factors of bone loss (including osteopenia and osteoporosis) in patients newly diagnosed with IBD, using dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA).

Role of mesenteric component in Crohn's disease: A friend or foe?

Crohn's disease (CD) is a complex and relapsing gastrointestinal disease with mesenteric alterations. The mesenteric neural, vascular, and endocrine systems actively take part in the gut dysbiosis-adaptive immunity-mesentery-body axis, and this axis has been proven to be bidirectional. The abnormalities of morphology and function of the mesenteric component are associated with intestinal inflammation and disease progress of CD responses to afferent signals, neuropeptides, lymphatic drainage, adipokines, and functional cytokines.

Comparison of primary anastomosis and staged surgery in emergency treatment of complicated Crohn's disease.

Objectives: Staged surgery (SS) and primary anastomosis (PA) are alternatives to emergency surgery in Crohn's disease (CD). This study aimed to compare postoperative patient outcomes and medical cost of SS and PA for CD emergencies.

Methods: Consecutive patients with CD undergoing emergency surgery between December 1997 and January 2017 in three centers were included.

The Diagnostic Accuracy of Magnetic Resonance Imaging in Restaging of Rectal Cancer After Preoperative Chemoradiotherapy: A Meta-Analysis and Systematic Review.

Objective: To evaluate the overall diagnostic value of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in restaging of rectal cancer after preoperative chemoradiotherapy based on qualified studies.

Methods: PubMed, Cochrane, and EMBASE database were searched by the index words to identify the qualified studies, and relevant literature sources were also searched. The latest research was done in April 2019.

Prospective evaluation of intestinal decompression in treatment of acute bowel obstruction from Crohn's disease.

Background: Conservative therapy for Crohn's disease (CD)-related acute bowel obstruction is essential to avoid emergent surgery. The present study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of using a long intestinal decompression tube (LT) in treatment of CD with acute intestinal obstruction.

Methods: This is a prospective observational study.

[Evaluation of Uterine Tumor Angiogenesis with Quantitative Magnetic Resonance Imaging Perfusion Parameters].

The development and metastasis of uterine tumors depend highly on tumor angiogenesis. Multiphase dynamic contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging can quantitatively describe the hemodynamic changes of uterine tumors based on a variety of tracer kinetic models and time-signal curves and by simulating the distribution of contrast inside and outside the blood vessels. Functional parameters can accurately and noninvasively assess tumor angiogenesis.

12-Acetyloxyperforatin, a New Limonoid from .

A new A, D-seco limonoid, named 12-acetyloxyperforatin (), along with three known ones, were isolated from the leaves of . Their structures were elucidated on the basis of spectroscopic analysis, including extensive NMR techniques and computational modelling. These compounds showed no inhibitory activity against the 11-HSD1 enzyme.

Bisindolylmaleimide alkaloid BMA-155Cl induces autophagy and apoptosis in human hepatocarcinoma HepG-2 cells through the NF-κB p65 pathway.

Bisindolylmaleimides, a series of derivatives of a PKC inhibitor staurosporine, exhibit potential as anti-cancer drugs and have received considerable attention in clinical trials. This study aims to investigate the effects of a bisindolylmaleimide alkaloid 155Cl (BMA-155Cl) with a novel structure on autophagy and apoptosis in human hepatocarcinoma HepG-2 cells in vitro and in vivo. The cell poliferation was assessed with a MTT assay.

Endoscopic closure instead of surgery to close an ileal pouch fistula with the over-the-scope clip system.

An ileal pouch fistula is an uncommon complication after an ileal pouch anal anastomosis. Most patients who suffer from an ileal pouch fistula will need surgical intervention. However, the surgery can be invasive and has a high risk compared to endoscopic treatment.

Marine natural products sourced from marine-derived Penicillium fungi.

Marine micro-organisms have been proven to be a major source of marine natural products (MNPs) in recent years, in which filamentous fungi are a vital source of bioactive natural products for their large metagenomes and more complex genetic backgrounds. This review highlights the 390 new MNPs from marine-derived Penicillium fungi during 1991 to 2014. These new MNPs are categorized based on the environment sources of the fungal hosts and their bioactivities are summarized.

Docosahexaenoic Acid Attenuated Experimental Chronic Colitis in Interleukin 10-Deficient Mice by Enhancing Autophagy Through Inhibition of the mTOR Pathway.

Background: In the battle against Crohn's disease, autophagy stimulation is a promising therapeutic option-one both new and newly rediscovered. In experimental models, docosahexaenoic acid (DHA)-a long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acid-has been demonstrated to be useful in the treatment of inflammatory bowel disease through inhibition of the nuclear factor-κB pathway. However, the impact of DHA on autophagy in the colon remains unclear.

DHA protects against experimental colitis in IL-10-deficient mice associated with the modulation of intestinal epithelial barrier function.

A defect in the intestinal barrier is one of the characteristics of Crohn's disease (CD). The tight junction (TJ) changes and death of epithelial cells caused by intestinal inflammation play an important role in the development of CD. DHA, a long-chain PUFA, has been shown to be helpful in treating inflammatory bowel disease in experimental models by inhibiting the NF-κB pathway.

Celastrol ameliorates experimental colitis in IL-10 deficient mice via the up-regulation of autophagy.

Background: Celastrol had been proved effective in the treatment for IBD, probably with the modulation of oxidative stress, inflammatory cytokines and intestinal homeostasis. This study was aimed to investigate whether celastrol could ameliorate the inflammation of IL-10 deficient mice, a murine model of Crohn's disease (CD) with the induction of autophagy.

Material And Methods: The mice included were divided into four groups, ##WT group, IL-10(-/-) group, Cel group and Control group (celastrol+3-Methyladenine).

Effectiveness of a clinical pathway for inpatients undergoing ileal/ileocecal resection for chronic radiation enteritis with intestinal obstruction.

Surgery is associated with elevated morbidity and mortality in chronic radiation enteritis (CRE). The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of a fast-track clinical pathway (CP) on postoperative outcomes in patients undergoing ileal/ileocecal resection for CRE with intestinal obstruction. There were 85 patients with CRE (January 2011 to March 2013) with intestinal obstruction admitted to our department for ileal/ileocecal resection.

Impact of enteral nutrition on energy metabolism in patients with Crohn's disease.

Aim: To investigate the impact of enteral nutrition (EN) on the body composition and metabolism in patients with Crohn's disease (CD).

Methods: Sixty-one patients diagnosed with CD were enrolled in this study. They were given only EN (enteral nutritional suspension, TPF, non-elemental diet) support for 4 wk, without any treatment with corticosteroids, immunosuppressive drugs, infliximab or by surgical operation.

Preparation and characterization of a novel extracellular polysaccharide with antioxidant activity, from the mangrove-associated fungus Fusarium oxysporum.

Marine fungi are recognized as an abundant source of extracellular polysaccharides with novel structures. Mangrove fungi constitute the second largest ecological group of the marine fungi, and many of them are new or inadequately described species and may produce extracellular polysaccharides with novel functions and structures that could be explored as a source of useful polymers. The mangrove-associated fungus Fusarium oxysporum produces an extracellular polysaccharide, Fw-1, when grown in potato dextrose-agar medium.

Thromboelastography can Identify Postoperative Active Bleeding and Evaluate Blood Product Requirements in Abdominal Surgery.

Background/aims: Hemorrhage after abdominal surgery remains a frequent clinical complication, and associated with prolonged length of stay, increased complications and mortality. Indication of blood product requirements accurately and promptly is very important for recovery of patients. Thrombelastography (TEG) as a tool for evaluation of bleeding and effects of blood components and blood products is increasing.

Restricted intravenous fluid regimen reduces fluid redistribution of patients operated for abdominal malignancy.

Background/aims: Recent studies indicate that perioperative fluid restriction leads to better preserved clinical data as well as reduced complication rates. This study aimed to determine the probable mechanism of fluid restriction influence on the complication rate of patients undergoing gastrointestinal surgery for malignancy.

Methodology: Patients (n = 174) undergoing restricted fluid regimen (R group) or standard fluid regimen (S group) were included in this prospective, randomized trial over 16 months.

Confusing untypical intestinal Behcet's disease: Skip ulcers with severe lower gastrointestinal hemorrhage.

Behcet's disease (BD) is a rare and life-long disorder characterized by inflammation of blood vessels throughout the body. BD was originally described in 1937 as a syndrome involving oral and genital ulceration in addition to ocular inflammation. Intestinal BD refers to colonic ulcerative lesions documented by objective measures in patients with BD.

Conservative treatment of early postoperative small bowel obstruction with obliterative peritonitis.

Aim: To investigate the effect of somatostatin and dexamethasone on early postoperative small bowel obstruction with obliterative peritonitis (EPSBO-OP).

Methods: This prospective randomized study included 70 patients diagnosed with EPSBO-OP from June 2002 to January 2009. Patients were randomized into two groups: a control group received total parenteral nutrition and nasogastric (NG) tube feeding; and an intervention group received, in addition, somatostatin and dexamethasone treatment.

[A comparative study of induction of remission and cost-effectiveness of enteral nutrition versus infliximab in moderate-to-severe Crohn's disease].

Objective: To compare the induction of remission and cost-effectiveness of enteral nutrition (EN) and infliximab (IFX) in moderate-to-severe active Crohn's disease(CD).

Methods: Moderate-to-severe active CD patients were divided into IFX group and EN group. Remission rate, time to remission and treatment cost were compared between the two groups.