Differences in the spectral characteristics of dissolved organic matter binding to Cu(II) in wetland soils with moisture gradients.

The environmental behavior of heavy metals in soil is significantly regulated by their binding with dissolved organic matter (DOM), which is affected by soil moisture contents. However, the mechanism of this interaction in soils with varying moisture is still not well understood. Using a combination of ultrafiltration, Cu(II) titration, and multispectral (ultraviolet-visible absorption, 3D fluorescence, Fourier transform infrared) analysis techniques, we studied the differences in the spectral characteristics and Cu(II) binding properties of soil dissolved organic matter (DOM) and its different molecular weight (MW) fractions with moisture gradients.

Role of molecular weight-dependent spectral properties in regulating Cu(II) binding by dissolved organic matter from different sources.

The complexation of metals with dissolved organic matter (DOM) under different compositions and molecular weights (MWs) will result in different environmental fate and toxicity, but the specific role and impact of DOM MWs remain less well understood. This study explored the metal binding characteristics by DOM with different MWs from different sources, including sea, river, and wetland waters. The results of fluorescence characterization showed that the >1 kDa high-molecular-weight (HMW)-DOM were mainly from terrestrial sources while the low-molecular-weight (LMW)-DOM fractions were mostly from microbial sources.

Sulfate concentrations affect sulfate reduction pathways and methane consumption in coastal wetlands.

Coastal wetlands are an important source of methane emissions, and understanding the mechanisms that control methane emissions from coastal wetlands is of great significance to global warming. Anaerobic oxidation of methane driven by sulfate is an important process to prevent methane emissions from coastal wetlands. The effects of environmental changes on this process and the function of the sulfate-methane transition zone (SMTZ) are poorly understood.

Ophthalmic Manifestations of Facial Dog Bites in Children.

Purpose: To characterize ophthalmic manifestations and periocular injuries of pediatric facial dog bites.

Methods: A retrospective review of all children younger than 18 years who sought medical attention after a dog bite to the face between January 1, 2003 and May 22, 2014 was performed at a large tertiary pediatric hospital. Data on type and location of injury, surgical intervention, and complications were collected.

Traumatic orbital encephalocele: Presentation and imaging.

Objective: Traumatic orbital encephalocele is a rare but severe complication of orbital roof fractures. We describe 3 cases of orbital encephalocele due to trauma in children.

Methods: Retrospective case series from the University of Wisconsin - Madison and Medical College of Wisconsin.

Osseointegrated implants for orbito-facial prostheses: Preoperative planning tips and intraoperative pearls.

Purpose: Implant-retained facial prostheses are becoming increasingly sophisticated. We describe our experience with successful implant placement.

Methods: Retrospective case series.

Treating Buccinator With Botulinum Toxin in Patients With Facial Synkinesis: A Previously Overlooked Target.

Objective: Synkinesis after facial nerve injury produces functional and cosmetic concerns for patients. The purpose of this study was to review the authors' experience of treating buccinator synkinesis with botulinum toxin.

Methods: This was a retrospective medical records review.

Intrathecal injection of lentivirus-mediated glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor RNA interference relieves bone cancer-induced pain in rats.

Bone cancer pain is a common symptom in cancer patients with bone metastases and the underlying mechanisms are largely unknown. The aim of this study is to explore the endogenous analgesic mechanisms to develop new therapeutic strategies for bone-cancer induced pain (BCIP) as a result of metastases. MRMT-1 tumor cells were injected into bilateral tibia of rats and X-rays showed that the area suffered from bone destruction, accompanied by an increase in osteoclast numbers.

Perioperative pregabalin for attenuation of postoperative pain after eyelid surgery.

Purpose: To examine the effect of a 1-time dose of pregabalin (Lyrica) on the perception of pain and analgesic consumption after oculofacial plastic surgery.

Methods: In this prospective, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial, patients presenting to the oculofacial plastic surgery service at University of Colorado Eye Center for functional eyelid surgery and who met the study criteria were consecutively enrolled between October 2011 and September 2012. Subjects were randomized to either placebo or 150 mg pregabalin administered 15 minutes to an hour prior to the procedure.

[Construction of recombinant over expression vector of PENK gene and the function study of PENK gene].

Objective: To construct recombinant over expression vector of Homo sapiens proenkephalin (PENK) gene and explore the function of PENK gene.

Methods: Fragment containing PENK ORF gene was inserted into vector plasmid HIV, then the recombinant over was confirmed by enzyme digestion and sequencing. Lentivirus containing the recombinant over expression vector was produced by virus packaging with 293Ta cell,and then the lentivirus was transfected into HT1080 cell and the virus titer was estimated.

Performance characteristics of a straight versus bent 25-gauge vitrector.

Background And Objective: During vitrectomy in phakic patients, lens damage can occur while shaving the peripheral vitreous. Modifying the vitrector with a slight bend can diminish this risk.

Materials And Methods: To assess whether the bent vitrector performs to standard, the cutting and aspiration functionality of a straight and bent cutter was tested on both the vitreous from an enucleated porcine eye and balanced salt solution.

Clinical features and treatment of pediatric orbit fractures.

Purpose: To describe a series of orbital fractures and associated ophthalmic and craniofacial injuries in the pediatric population.

Methods: A retrospective case series of 312 pediatric patients over a 9-year period (2002-2011) with orbit fractures diagnosed by CT.

Results: Five hundred ninety-one fractures in 312 patients were evaluated.

Pediatric facial fractures from dog bites.

Purpose: To report a series of pediatric facial fractures associated with dog bites.

Methods: Retrospective review of all dog bite injuries to the face with facial fractures in children from January 1, 2003, to October 31, 2011, at Children's Hospital Colorado (Aurora, Colorado). Patient demographics, location and number of fractures, clinical course, surgical repair, and complications were recorded and analyzed using Excel statistical software.

Pediatric orbital floor fractures.

Purpose: To summarize the unique aspects of orbital floor fractures in children with regard to clinical presentation, management, and outcomes.

Methods: MEDLINE was searched using PubMed for English-language articles on orbital floor fractures in children. All 154 indexed articles pertaining to floor fractures in patients under 18 years of age in PubMed were reviewed.

The Confusion Assessment Method: a systematic review of current usage.

Objectives: To examine the psychometric properties, adaptations, translations, and applications of the Confusion Assessment Method (CAM), a widely used instrument and diagnostic algorithm for identification of delirium.

Design: Systematic literature review.

Setting: Not applicable.

Applicability of the Chinese Beck Depression Inventory.

Using a sample of 329 currently depressed patients from 24 hospitals across China, this study assesses the reliability and validity of the Chinese version of Beck Depression Inventory (CBDI). Even though the internal reliability and the concurrent validity were good (Cronbach alpha = 0.846; r = 0.