Heterosis formation mechanism, prediction methods, and their application and prospect in pig production.

Heterosis is the phenomenon that the hybrid offspring outperform two-parent population. Hybridisation has been widely used in plant and animal production as it effectively improves the growth and developmental performance, reproductive performance and disease resistance of the offspring. Hybridization can effectively improve the growth and development performance, reproductive performance and disease resistance of offspring, so it is widely used in animal and plant production.

Zn-Mediated Fragmentation of -Alkoxyphthalimides Enabling the Synthesis of -Difluoroalkenes.

Zn-mediated generation of alkoxyl radicals from -alkoxyphthalimides emerged as an efficient approach for forming diverse and valuable alkyl radicals through β-scission or a hydrogen atom transfer process. The alkyl radical species can be further trapped by α-trifluoromethyl alkenes to construct a series of -difluoroalkenes.

Resveratrol improves estrus disorder induced by bisphenol A through attenuating oxidative stress, autophagy, and apoptosis.

Bisphenol A (BPA), as a widely used plasticizer, is easily absorbed by animals and humans. It has certain toxic effects on various tissues, including liver, heart, kidney, testis, and ovary. The toxic effects of BPA on animal reproduction have aroused widespread concern, but its regulatory mechanism and antidote in female animals estrus cycle remain unclear.

LncIMF2 promotes adipogenesis in porcine intramuscular preadipocyte through sponging MiR-217.

Intramuscular fat is positively related to meat quality including tenderness, flavor, and juiciness. Long noncoding RNA (LncRNA) plays a vital role in regulating adipogenesis. However, it is largely unknown about lncRNAs associated with porcine intramuscular adipocyte adipogenesis.

Urolithin A exerts antiobesity effects through enhancing adipose tissue thermogenesis in mice.

Obesity leads to multiple health problems, including diabetes, fatty liver, and even cancer. Here, we report that urolithin A (UA), a gut-microflora-derived metabolite of pomegranate ellagitannins (ETs), prevents diet-induced obesity and metabolic dysfunctions in mice without causing adverse effects. UA treatment increases energy expenditure (EE) by enhancing thermogenesis in brown adipose tissue (BAT) and inducing browning of white adipose tissue (WAT).

Evaluation of ε-polylysine as antimicrobial alternative for liquid-stored boar semen.

ε-polylysine (ε-PL) has potent antibacterial effects and is often used in the food industry. However, no studies have clarified the antibacterial effects of ε-PL during storage of boar semen. In this study, boar semen samples were diluted with BTS buffer supplemented with different concentrations (0, 0.

Differences between porcine longissimus thoracis and semitendinosus intramuscular fat content and the regulation of their preadipocytes during adipogenic differentiation.

Intramuscular fat (IMF) plays an important role in pork quality. However, differences in the adipogenic regulation of IMF content between pig longissimus thoracis (LT) and semitendinosus (ST) remain unclear. Here, we found that IMF content of 180-day-old pig LT was greater than that of pig ST.

PDGFRα Regulated by miR-34a and FoxO1 Promotes Adipogenesis in Porcine Intramuscular Preadipocytes through Erk Signaling Pathway.

Suitable intramuscular fat (IMF) content improves porcine meat quality. The vital genes regulating IMF deposition are necessary for the selection and breeding of an IMF trait. However, the effect and mechanism of on IMF deposition are still unclear.

miR-425-5p Inhibits Differentiation and Proliferation in Porcine Intramuscular Preadipocytes.

Intramuscular fat (IMF) content affects the tenderness, juiciness, and flavor of pork. An increasing number of studies are focusing on the functions of microRNAs (miRs) during porcine intramuscular preadipocyte development. Previous studies have proved that miR-425-5p was enriched in porcine skeletal muscles and played important roles in multiple physiological processes; however, its functions during intramuscular adipogenesis remain unclear.

Sirt1 AS lncRNA interacts with its mRNA to inhibit muscle formation by attenuating function of miR-34a.

Recent studies demonstrate the functions of long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) in mediating gene expression at the transcriptional or translational level. Our previous study identified a Sirt1 antisense (AS) lncRNA transcribed from the Sirt1 AS strand. However, its role and regulatory mechanism is still unknown in myogenesis.

Mulberry 1-Deoxynojirimycin Inhibits Adipogenesis by Repression of the ERK/PPARγ Signaling Pathway in Porcine Intramuscular Adipocytes.

Intramuscular fat (IMF), which is modulated by adipogenensis of intramuscular adipocytes, plays a key role in pork quality associated with marbling, juiceness, and flavor. However, the regulatory mechanism of 1-deoxynojirimycin (DNJ) on adipogenesis is still unknown. Here, we found that both DNJ (2.

3,3'-Diindolylmethane increases bone mass by suppressing osteoclastic bone resorption in mice.

3,3'-Diindolylmethane (DIM), a major acid-condensation product or metabolite of indole-3-carbinol which is found in cruciferous vegetables, has been shown to have anticancer, anti-inflammatory, and multiple immune stimulating effects. However, its function in bone metabolism is poorly understood. This study evaluated the effect of DIM on bone mass in mice under physiological and pathological conditions.

Knockdown of CTRP6 inhibits adipogenesis via lipogenic marker genes and Erk1/2 signalling pathway.

C1q/tumor necrosis factor-related protein 6 (CTRP6), an adipose-tissue secretory factor, plays an important role in inflammatory reaction and carcinogenesis. However, the biological function of CTRP6 in adipogenesis remains unclear. In this study, we examined the effects of CTRP6 knockdown on lipogenesis of 3T3-L1 adipocytes.

Aryl hydrocarbon receptors in osteoclast lineage cells are a negative regulator of bone mass.

Aryl hydrocarbon receptors (AhRs) play a critical role in various pathological and physiological processes. Although recent research has identified AhRs as a key contributor to bone metabolism following studies in systemic AhR knockout (KO) or transgenic mice, the cellular and molecular mechanism(s) in this process remain unclear. In this study, we explored the function of AhR in bone metabolism using AhR(RANKΔOc/ΔOc) (RANK(Cre/+);AhR(flox/flox)) mice.

Identification, stability and expression of Sirt1 antisense long non-coding RNA.

Natural antisense transcripts (NATs) exist ubiquitously as pivotal molecules to regulate coding gene expression. Sirtuin 1 (Sirt1) is a NAD-dependent deacetylase which is involved in myogenesis. However, whether Sirt1 transcribes NAT during C2C12 differentiation is still unknown.

Knockdown of PU.1 AS lncRNA inhibits adipogenesis through enhancing PU.1 mRNA translation.

PU.1 is an Ets family transcription factor involved in the myelo-lymphoid differentiation. We have previously demonstrated that PU.

Sirt1 attenuates camptothecin-induced apoptosis through caspase-3 pathway in porcine preadipocytes.

Adipose tissue is an important energy reservoir, and its over-development results in obesity in humans or body fat over-deposition in livestock. Loss of preadipocytes through apoptosis has been proposed as an alternative way to reduce adipose tissue mass. At present, the effect and regulatory mechanism of Sirt1 and camptothecin on porcine preadipocyte apoptosis are still largely unknown.

Effects of low-density lipoproteins extracted from different avian yolks on boar spermatozoa quality following freezing-thawing.

Low-density lipoproteins (LDL) is known to protect boar sperm during freezing-thawing, but little information is known about the effects of LDL extracted from different avian egg yolks on post-thaw boar semen quality. The purpose of this study was to compare and analyze the effects of LDL at various concentrations and different species on boar sperm quality after freezing-thawing. LDL extracted from the yolk of hen egg, duck egg, quail egg, pigeon egg or ostrich egg was added to the extender at the concentrations of 0.

Lentivirus-mediated Sirt1 shRNA and resveratrol independently induce porcine preadipocyte apoptosis by canonical apoptotic pathway.

The effects of Sirt1 gene and resveratrol on porcine preadipocyte apoptosis have not been characterized. Here, we investigated the apoptotic effects of Sirt1 and resveratrol on porcine preadipocytes, finding that resveratrol-induced preadipocyte apoptosis and up-regulated protein levels of Sirt1. Intriguingly, Sirt1 knockdown by RNAi also resulted in preadipocyte apoptosis.

Tissue expression of porcine FoxO1 and its negative regulation during primary preadipocyte differentiation.

The Forkhead transcription factor O 1 (FoxO1) gene plays an important role in the integration of hormone-activated signaling pathways with the complex transcriptional cascade that promotes clonal cell line differentiation. However, tissue expression of porcine FoxO1 and its function during porcine preadipocyte differentiation remained poorly understood. In the present study, we investigated tissue expressions of FoxO1 in pig by real time quantitative RT-PCR (qRT-PCR) and western blotting, and explored its role in porcine preadipocytes differentiation by RNA interference technique and qRT-PCR.

[Expression of FoxO1 mRNA in muscle tissue of Bamei, Landrace and Landrace x Bamei].

Total RNA was extracted from soleus muscle, gastrocnemius muscle and extensor digitorum longus in hind leg of the 6-month-old male Bamei, Landrace, and the crossbred pigs (LandracexBamei). The primers of pig FoxO1 were designed and synthesized according to its homologous sequences of human, chimpanzee and rat. The optimal reaction condition and system of PCR was sieved to clone pig FoxO1 gene.

Modulation of Sirt1 by resveratrol and nicotinamide alters proliferation and differentiation of pig preadipocytes.

Sirt1, a NAD(+)-dependent histone deacetylase, may regulate senescence, metabolism, and apoptosis. In this study, primary pig preadipocytes were cultured in DMEM/F12 medium containing 10% fetal bovine serum (FBS) with or without reagents affecting Sirt1 activity. The adipocyte differentiation process was visualized by light microscopy after Oil red O staining.

[Sirt1: a novel adipocyte and myocyte regulatory factor].

Sirt1 (Sirtuin type 1), a member of the conserved sirtuin family, is a NAD+ -dependent histone deacetylase. It is intimately related to cell proliferation, differentiation, apoptosis, and metabolism. Its role in senescence and metabolism has recently come to light.

[Effects of resveratrol on pig primary preadipocytes proliferation, differentiation and transcription expression of Sirt1 gene].

1 approximately 3 days old Piglet's primary preadipocytes in vitro were cultured and treated with 0micromol/L (control group), 10microlmol/L (lower dose group), 20micromol/L(middle dose group) and 50micromol/L, 100micromol/L (higher dose group) RES. Cell proliferation and viability were analyzed by MTT assay. The degree of differentiation and adipogenesis were measured by Oil Red O staining extraction assay and the expression of Sirt1 (sirtuin) mRNA were detected by RT-PCR.