Parathyroid carcinoma: Report of 10 patients and literature review.

Objective: Parathyroid carcinoma (PC) is a rare disease with high rates of misdiagnosis and recurrence. This report summarized the clinical and pathological characteristics of 10 patients with PC at our hospital, to improve the early recognition and prognosis of PC.

Methods: The clinical manifestations, imaging findings, pathological features, treatments, and prognostic data of 10 patients diagnosed with PC at the First Medical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital from 2003 to 2021 were analyzed.

Clinical data analysis of 22 cases with hypoparathyroidism misdiagnosed as epilepsy.

Objective: Patients with hypoparathyroidism always present with recurrent tetany caused by hypocalcemia. These patients are usually misdiagnosed with epilepsy and incorrectly treated with anti-epileptic drugs. This research analyzed clinical data about 22 patients with hypoparathyroidism misdiagnosed as epilepsy and summarized the clinical experience for reducing misdiagnosis and incorrect therapy about hypoparathyroidism.

Insulinoma misdiagnosed as epilepsy in 44 Chinese patients.

Objective: Insulinoma is a rare pancreatic neuroendocrine tumor that can spontaneously produce excess endogenous insulin, resulting in recurrent and serious hypoglycemia. Patients with insulinoma always have intermittent neuroglycopenia, which has been frequently reported as being misdiagnosed as epilepsy. In this report, we analyzed the clinical data of patients with confirmed insulinoma who had ever been misdiagnosed to have epilepsy.

Paget's disease of bone: Report of 11 cases.

Background: Paget's disease of bone (PDB) is a rare metabolic bone disease in China and is characterized by increased bone resorption and disorganized bone formation. The main clinical symptoms of PDB are focal or multiple bone pain and deformity with high disability. The disease has high missed diagnosis and misdiagnosis rates.

Bilateral adrenocortical adenomas causing adrenocorticotropic hormone-independent Cushing's syndrome: A case report and review of the literature.

Background: Adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH)-independent Cushing's syndrome (CS) is mostly due to unilateral tumors, with bilateral tumors rarely reported. Its common causes include primary pigmented nodular adrenocortical disease, ACTH-independent macronodular adrenal hyperplasia, and bilateral adrenocortical adenomas (BAAs) or carcinomas. BAAs causing ACTH-independent CS are rare; up to now, fewer than 40 BAA cases have been reported.

Chinese consensus on management of tyrosine kinase inhibitor-associated side effects in gastrointestinal stromal tumors.

Tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) have improved the overall survival of patients with gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GISTs), but their side effects can impact dose intensity and, consequently, the clinical benefit. To date, no guideline or consensus has been published on the TKI-associated adverse reactions. Therefore, the Chinese Society of Surgeons for Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumor of the Chinese Medical Doctor Association organized an expert panel discussion involving representatives from gastrointestinal surgery, medical oncology, cardiology, dermatology, nephrology, endocrinology, and ophthalmology to consider the systemic clinical symptoms, molecular and cellular mechanisms, and treatment recommendations of GISTs.

Thyrotrophic status in patients with pituitary stalk interruption syndrome.

Pituitary stalk interruption syndrome (PSIS) is associated with simultaneous or subsequent pituitary hormone deficiencies (PHDs). Although the clinical features of multiple PHDs are well known, the status of the thyrotrophic axis in PSIS has not been thoroughly investigated.The clinical data of 89 PSIS patients and 34 Sheehan syndrome (SS) patients were retrospectively analyzed.

Rituximab was used to treat recurrent IgG4-related hypophysitis with ophthalmopathy as the initial presentation: A case report and literature review.

Rationale: Immunoglobulin G4 (IgG4)-related hypophysitis is a type of IgG4-related disease (IgG4-RD), which is characterized by plasma cells infiltration in the pituitary causing functional changes and (or) space-occupying effect in the pituitary. IgG4-related hypophysitis is sensitive to hormone therapy in most patients, but recurrence is very likely.

Patient Concerns: Here, we report a 57-year-old male patient with bilateral eye redness as the initial presentation.

[Imbalance of Tc and Th in Peripheral Blood of Patients with Systemic Lupus Erythematosus and Its Significance].

Objective: To investigate the imbalance of Tc1/Tc2,Th1/Th2 and Tc/Th in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus(SLE) and its relationship with the clinical stages of SLE.

Methods: The full blood culture and flow cytometry with fluorescence-labelled T lymphocytes were used to detect the levels of T-lymphocyte subsets and its intracellular factors IFN-γ and IL-4 in peripheral blood from SLP patients in active, inactive stages and normal healthy persons as controls, to compare the changes of Tc1,Tc2; Th1,Th2 levels and Tc/Th ratio in SLP patients in active and inactive stages, and to analyze their relationship with SLEDAI staging.

Results: Compared with healthy controls, the levels of CD4/CD8 in active SLE patients were significantly lower, but the levels of Tc1,Th1 in active SLE patients were higher than those in inactive SLE patients and normal controls.

Rare and curable renin-mediated hypertension: a series of six cases and a literature review.

Background: Reninoma is an extremely rare renal tumor characterized by excessive renin secretion causing secondary hypertension and hypokalemia. Reninoma is a benign and highly manageable lesion if it is discovered early and removed surgically.

Methods: We report six cases of reninoma and provide a literature review on this rare disease, highlighting the diagnostic evaluation and follow-up of each patient.

PTH Is a Promising Auxiliary Index for the Clinical Diagnosis of Aldosterone-Producing Adenoma.

Background: Parathyroid hormone (PTH) stimulates aldosterone secretion in human adrenocortex and is regulated by the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system. We speculated that measurement of PTH may be a valuable aid in the diagnosis of aldosterone-producing adenoma (APA).

Methods: To test this hypothesis, we recruited 142 patients with adrenal adenoma, of whom 84 had an APA and 58 had a nonfunctioning adrenal adenoma (NFA).

Mutation analyses in pedigrees and sporadic cases of ethnic Han Chinese Kallmann syndrome patients.

Kallmann syndrome, a form of idiopathic hypogonadotropic hypogonadism, is characterized by developmental abnormalities of the reproductive system and abnormal olfaction. Despite association of certain genes with idiopathic hypogonadotropic hypogonadism, the genetic inheritance and expression are complex and incompletely known. In the present study, seven Kallmann syndrome pedigrees in an ethnic Han Chinese population were screened for genetic mutations.

Characterization of papillary thyroid microcarcinomas using sonographic features in malignant papillary thyroid cancer: a retrospective analysis.

The diagnosis of malignant thyroid nodules is still a clinical challenge. This study aimed to determine the ultrasonographic characteristics of papillary thyroid carcinoma. The ultrasonographic and pathological data of 2453 thyroid nodules in a cohort of 1895 Chinese patients who underwent thyroidectomy from January 2010 to December 2012 were retrospectively reviewed.

Incidental adrenal enlargement: an overview from a retrospective study in a chinese population.

Aim. To investigate incidental adrenal enlargement clinical characteristics and functional status and analyze functional lesion risk factors. Materials and Methods.

Specific increase in potency via structure-based design of a TCR.

Adoptive immunotherapy with Ag-specific T lymphocytes is a powerful strategy for cancer treatment. However, most tumor Ags are nonreactive "self" proteins, which presents an immunotherapy design challenge. Recent studies have shown that tumor-specific TCRs can be transduced into normal PBLs, which persist after transfer in ∼30% of patients and effectively destroy tumor cells in vivo.

[The clinical characteristics of multi-detector computed tomography of congenital adrenal hyperplasia].

Objective: To explore the imaging features of congenital adrenal cortex hyperplasia (CAH).

Methods: A total of 45 patients clinically confirmed as CAH were retrospectively analyzed to investigate the imaging features and strengthening way of the multi-detector-row Computed tomography.

Results: The imaging features of all the cases presented as following: 25 with bilateral adrenal hyperplasia, 6 with unilateral adrenal hyperplasia, 6 with adrenal nodular hyperplasia, 2 with adrenal hyperplasia and unilateral solid cystic lesion, 2 with adrenal hyperplasia and double side real cystic lesion, 1 with adrenal hyperplasia and unilateral cystic changes and 3 with normal adrenal.

Female sex hormones are associated with the reduction of serum sodium and hypertension complications in patients with aldosterone-producing adenoma.

This study was conducted to evaluate gender-related differences in clinical characteristics and vascular complications in patients with aldosterone-producing adenomas (APA). Clinical characteristics, biochemical markers and incidence of vascular complications were compared by gender in 187 consecutive patients with APA confirmed by pathological diagnosis. Patients were separated into two groups based on ages either older or younger than 49 years, the average age of menopause among Chinese women (<49 y and ≥49 y).

[Expression and significance of p53-inducible gene 3 (PIG-3) in diffuse large B cell lymphoma].

This study was aimed to investigate the expression of p53-inducible gene 3 (PIG-3) in diffuse large B cell lymphoma (DLBCL) and the relationship between PIG-3 and the pathogenesis of lymphoma. The expression of PIG-3 in 20 patients with DLBCL and 20 healthy adults (as a control group) was detected by Western blot and RT-PCR. The results showed that the expression of PIG-3 protein in patients with DLBCL was significantly lower than that in controls, but the expression of PIG-3 was higher after chemotherapy for 6 months than that before chemotherapy.

Recurrent autoimmune hypophysitis successfully treated with glucocorticoids plus azathioprine: a report of three cases.

Recurrent autoimmune hypophysitis is a rare autoimmune endocrine disease involving lymphocytic infiltration and chronic pituitary inflammation. It is even more rare than primary hypophysitis. The objective of the study was to evaluate the efficacy of glucocorticoid treatment combined with azathioprine for treating three cases of recurrent autoimmune lymphocytic hypophysitis encountered within a two-year period.

[The role of human chorionic gonadotropin in cerebrospinal fluid in the diagnosis and treatment of intracranial germinoma].

Objective: To study the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and serum level of human chorionic gonadotropin (HCG) in patients with intracranial germinoma and to evaluate its diagnostic and therapeutic value.

Methods: Thirty-one patients with intracranial germinoma receiving estimation of HCG in CSF and serum in our hospital were retrospectively analyzed in terms of HCG level, its influencing factors and the relationship of HCG with clinical features.

Results: HCG levels in CSF of the 31 cases ranged from 0.

Clinical and genetic analysis of the insulin receptor gene in a Chinese patient with extreme insulin resistance.

Several types of mutations in insulin receptor gene have been identified in patients with type A insulin resistance. A 21-year old girl was diagnosed with diabetic retinopathy and cataract after 6 years of uncontrolled diabetes. Three nucleotide substitution mutations were detected, which may be associated with the patient's extreme insulin resistance.

[Detection and clinical implication of up-regulated gene 1 mRNA levels with real-time quantitative RT-PCR in chronic lymphocytic leukemia cells.].

Objectives: To investigate the expression level of chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) up-regulated gene 1 (CLLU1) mRNA in CLL and its prognostic value in CLL.

Methods: Real-time quantitative RT-PCR (qRT-PCR) was performed on 41 CLL patients using Taqman probe system. Correlation of CLLU1 expression ratio with other prognostic factors was carried out using Spearman correlation coefficient.

[Detrimental effects of homocysteine on insulin release and apoptosis of pancreatic beta cells].

Objective: To study the effects of homocysteine (Hcy) on the insulin secretion and apoptosis of pancreatic beta cells.

Methods: Clonal mouse pancreatic beta cells of the line NIT-1 were cultured and exposed to Hcy of 50, 100, 250, 500 and 1000 micromol/L for 6, 12, 24, and 48 hours respectively, then glucose of the concentrations of 5.6 mmol/L or 16.