Methyl jasmonate induces the regulation of protostane triterpene biosynthesis by microRNAs in Alisma orientale.

Protostane triterpenes are medicinally important components found in members of the Alismataceae botanical family, notably Alisma orientale. Methyl jasmonate (MeJA) is known to regulate protostane triterpene biosynthesis in A. orientale, but the microRNA (miRNA) mechanism underlying MeJA response to promote triterpene biosynthesis remains unknown.

Three novel quinoline alkaloids from Tetradium glabrifolium and their antibacterial activities.

Three novel quinoline alkaloids, tetradiunitiside A (1), tetradiunitiside B (2), glycohaplopine-6-O-α-L-rhamnopyranoside (3), along with eight known ones (4-11) were isolated from the fruits of Tetradium glabrifolium. Their structures were inferred by IR, 1D NMR and 2D NMR and HR-ESI-MS spectra. All the isolated compounds were evaluated for the antibacterial activities.

Tracheal mucosal keratosis: Case discussion and literature review.

A 57-year-old female presented with a chief complaint of cough, with productive yellow sputum particularly severe in the morning. Bronchoscopy revealed inflammatory changes in both main bronchi, with abundant white purulent secretions and necrotic material adhering to the luminal surface. Histopathological examination showed chronic inflammatory changes in the mucosal tissue, with mild hyperplasia of the local squamous epithelium and evidence of keratinization in the surrounding area, consistent with a diagnosis of tracheal mucosal keratosis.

Elevated EBF2 in mouse but not pig drives the progressive brown fat lineage specification via chromatin activation.

Brown adipose tissue (BAT) is responsible for non-shivering thermogenesis, but it is absent in some mammals, including pigs. During development, BAT progenitors are derived from paired box 7 (Pax7)-expressing somitic mesodermal stem cells, which also give rise to skeletal muscle. However, the intrinsic mechanisms underlying the fate decisions between brown fat and muscle progenitors remain elusive.

Evaluation of thyroid function tests among children with neurological disorders.

Background: Thyroid hormones (THs) are essential for brain development. Numerous studies have identified significant links between thyroid dysfunction and cognitive function. However, research on the significance and necessity of thyroid function tests in diagnosis of neurological disorders is limited and subject to controversy.

Harnessing the TAF1 Acetyltransferase for Targeted Acetylation of the Tumor Suppressor p53.

Pharmacological reactivation of the tumor suppressor p53 remains a key challenge for the treatment of cancer. Acetylation Targeting Chimera (AceTAC), a novel technology is previously reported that hijacks lysine acetyltransferases p300/CBP to acetylate the p53Y220C mutant. However, p300/CBP are the only acetyltransferases harnessed for AceTAC development to date.

Toripalimab plus chemotherapy for first line treatment of advanced non-small cell lung cancer (CHOICE-01): final OS and biomarker exploration of a randomized, double-blind, phase 3 trial.

A randomized double-blind phase 3 trial (CHOICE-01, NCT03856411) demonstrated that combining toripalimab with chemotherapy substantially improves progression-free survival (PFS) in advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients without pretreatment. This study presents the prespecified final analysis of overall survival (OS) and biomarkers utilizing circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) and tissue-based sequencing. Additionally, the analysis revealed a higher median overall survival (OS, 23.

MDPAO1 peptide from human milk enhances brown adipose tissue thermogenesis and mitigates obesity.

The regulatory effect of breastfeeding on offspring metabolism has garnered significant attention as an effective strategy in combating childhood obesity. However, the underlying mechanism remains largely unknown. Through integrated analysis of multiple human milk peptide databases and functional screening, MDPAO1 (milk-derived peptide associated with obesity 1) was identified as having potential activity in promoting the expression of thermogenic genes.

The RNA-binding protein CMSS1 promotes the progression of non-small cell lung cancer by regulating the telomerase protein subunit hTERT.

Aims: High telomerase activity has been detected in over 85 % of tumors, with the activation of hTERT being the most crucial mechanism for re-establishing telomerase activity. Activation of hTERT maintains telomere length in cells, enabling cancer cells to proliferate indefinitely. Nevertheless, the specific mechanism of telomerase activation in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) remains unclear, and post-transcriptional regulation of hTERT could be a potential activation mechanism.

Oxidative stress-augmented Cu-doped hollow mesoporous carbon nanozyme for photothermal/photodynamic synergistic therapy.

Photodynamic therapy (PDT) has witnessed remarkable progress in recent years owing to its specific properties. Given that the antioxidation system of tumor microenvironment (TME) adversely affects treatment outcomes, powerful TME modulators can significantly resolve the limitation of PDT. Herein, we developed a PEG-modified Cu-doped hollow mesoporous carbon nanozyme (CHC-PEG) and loaded insoluble photosensitizer IR780 into its pores and cavities to construct the multifunctional nano-system IR780/CHCP.

Different mesoporous carbon carriers for the improvement of solubility and physical stability of poorly soluble drugs.

Mesoporous carriers have gained significant attention for enhancing the solubility and bioavailability of Biopharmaceutics Classification System (BCS) Class II drugs. However, the contribution of mesoporous carriers with varying morphologies to the physical stability of these drugs is not well-defined. In this work, mesoporous carbon nanoparticles (MCN) and hollow carbon mesoporous nanoparticles (HMC) were prepared, while the weakly acidic Indomethacin (IMC) and alkaline Celecoxib (CXB) were incorporated into these carriers in the amorphous state by the solvent evaporation method.

Retrospective comparative analysis of human fascioliasis versus bacterial liver abscess.

This study aimed to compare the clinical characteristics of human fascioliasis and bacterial liver abscesses to provide a reference for the early and effective differentiation of these 2 diseases to avoid misdiagnosis. We retrospectively compared the epidemiological and clinical characteristics of 95 patients with human fascioliasis and 95 with bacterial liver abscess admitted to the First Affiliated Hospital of Dali University between January 2013 and March 30, 2023. The human fascioliasis group exhibited a higher proportion of female patients and a greater frequency of abdominal pain and lesions affecting both lobes of the liver.

Development of Aromatic Organic Materials for High-performance Lithium-ion Batteries: Strategies, Advances and Future Perspectives.

Ever since lithium (Li) ion batteries were successfully commercialized, aromatic compounds have attended every turning point in optimizing electrolytes, separators, and even electrode materials. However, the contribution of aromatic compounds has always been neglected compared to other advanced materials. At the same time, designing next-generation Li-ion batteries with higher flexibility, solid-state electrolytes, high energy density, and better coulombic efficiency has imposed stricter duties on aromatic components.

Effects of acupuncture needle modification on acupuncture analgesia.

Objective: The analgesic effect of acupuncture has been widely accepted. Nevertheless, the mechanism behind its analgesic effect remains elusive, thus impeding the progress of research geared toward enhancing the analgesic effect of acupuncture. This paper investigated the role of acupuncture needle surface textures on acupuncture's analgesic effect by creating four experimental acupuncture needles with different patterns of surface augmentation.

Unraveling the Cleavage Reaction of Hydroxylamines with Cyclopropenones Considering Biocompatibility.

We develop a latent biocompatible cleavage reaction involving the hitherto unexplored interaction between hydroxylamines and cyclopropenones. Our study addresses the regioselectivity challenges commonly observed in asymmetric cyclopropenone transformations, substantiated by variations in substrate, Density Functional Theory calculations, and NMR analysis. This reaction is characterized by high efficiency, broad substrate scope, stability, latent biocompatibility, and mild reaction conditions.

Using interactive platforms to encode, manage and explore immune-related adverse outcome pathways.

This work focuses on the need for modeling and predicting adverse outcomes in immunotoxicology to improve nonclinical assessments of the safety of immunomodulatory therapies. The integrated approach includes, first, the adverse outcome pathway concept established in the toxicology field, and, second, the systems medicine disease map approach for describing molecular mechanisms involved in a particular pathology. The proposed systems immunotoxicology workflow is illustrated with chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T cell treatment as a use case.

Enriched Methylomes of Low-input and Fragmented DNA Using Fragment Ligation EXclusive Methylation Sequencing (FLEXseq).

Methylome profiling is an emerging clinical tool for tumor classification and liquid biopsies. Here, we developed FLEXseq, a genome-wide methylation profiler that enriches and sequences the fragments of DNA flanking the CCGG motif. FLEXseq strongly correlates (Pearson's r = 0.

46,XY disorders of sex development and muscular dystrophy caused by Xp21 duplication: a case report and literature review.

Background: The development of the testes is a tightly regulated process, requiring the coordination of multiple genes. Mutations in these genes can result in 46,XY gonadal dysgenesis. , located at Xp21, is a gene expressed in the developing adrenals, gonads, hypothalamus, and pituitary gland.

Study on biogenic acid-mediated enhanced leaching of lepidolite by Aspergillus niger based on transcriptomics.

The synergistic effect between microorganisms with different modes of action can improve the leaching efficiency. In this study, biogenic acid was extracted from bacterial metabolites to induce fungal secretion, strengthen fungal leaching, and reveal the microscopic mechanism of biogenic acid stimulating fungal metabolic synthesis through transcriptome analysis. The results showed that the addition of biogenic acid increased the biomass and metabolic activity of Aspergillus Niger, changed the secretion of extracellular polymeric substances, enhanced the dissolution of mineral surface, and increased the leaching rate.

GW117 induces anxiolytic effects by improving hippocampal functions.

GW117 functions as both an MT1/MT2 receptor agonist and a 5-HT2C receptor antagonist. This study aimed to investigate the anxiolytic effects of GW117 through behavioral assessments, including the open field test and novelty-suppressed feeding test (NSFT) within a chronic unpredictable mild stress (CUMS) model. GW117 was administered via oral gavage for 21 days to evaluate its sustained anxiolytic effects, with behavioral tests including the NSFT, the Vogel-conflict test, and the O-maze test.

Effects of high dietary carbohydrate intake in patients with obstructive sleep apnea.

Background: This study aimed to characterize the relationship between habitual food intake and OSA.

Methods: The diet of 200 volunteers was evaluated using a Food Frequency Questionnaire. The patients were further allocated to mild, moderate, and severe OSA groups.

Regulation of SLC7A11 as an unconventional checkpoint in tumorigenesis through ferroptosis.

Although cell-cycle arrest, senescence, and apoptosis are well accepted as the classic barriers in tumorigenesis, recent studies indicate that metabolic regulation is equally important as a major checkpoint in cancer development. It is well accepted that ferroptosis, an iron-dependent programmed cell death, acts as a new type of tumor suppression mechanism tightly linked with numerous metabolic pathways. SLC7A11 is a transmembrane cystine/glutamate transporter protein that plays a vital role in controlling ferroptosis .