Establishing a novel deep learning model for detecting peri-implantiti.

Background/purpose: The diagnosis of peri-implantitis using periapical radiographs is crucial. Recently, artificial intelligence may apply in radiographic image analysis effectively. The aim of this study was to differentiate the degree of marginal bone loss of an implant, and also to classify the severity of peri-implantitis using a deep learning model.

Development of a zinc chloride-based chemo-mechanical system for potential minimally invasive dental caries removal system.

Background/purpose: The chemo-mechanical caries-removal technique is known to offer advantages of selective dentin caries treatment while leaving healthy dental tissues intact. However, current sodium hypochlorite based reagents usually excessively damage dentin collagen. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to develop a novel chemo-mechanical caries-removal system to preserve the collagen network for subsequent prosthetic restorations.

In vitro study of optimal removable partial denture clasp design made from novel high-performance polyetherketoneketone.

Purpose: This study aimed to investigate the retentive force and deformation of double Akers' polyetherketoneketone (PEKK) clasps on removable partial dentures (RPDs) with varying designs and undercut depths.

Methods: Thirty double Akers' PEKK clasps with two different widths and heights (Groups I and II) were fabricated using computer-aided design and computer-aided manufacturing (CAD/CAM). Each design was further subdivided (n = 5) into three undercut depths (0.

Comparative analysis of the retention force and deformation of PEEK and PEKK removable partial denture clasps with different thicknesses and undercut depths.

Statement Of Problem: The retentive force and deformation of milled polyetheretherketone (PEEK) and polyetherketoneketone (PEKK) removable partial denture (RPD) frameworks are not well understood.

Purpose: The purpose of this in vitro study was to assess the retentive force and deformation of PEEK and PEKK Akers clasps with different designs and undercut depths.

Material And Methods: A master model containing the first and second molar abutments was used to design Akers clasps of different cross-sectional dimensions, undercut depths (0.

Fabrication of Solvent-Free PCL/β-TCP Composite Fiber for 3D Printing: Physiochemical and Biological Investigation.

Manufacturing three-dimensional (3D) objects with polymers/bioceramic composite materials has been investigated in recent years. In this study, we manufactured and evaluated solvent-free polycaprolactone (PCL) and beta-tricalcium phosphate (β-TCP) composite fiber as a scaffold material for 3D printing. To investigate the optimal ratio of feedstock material for 3D printing, the physical and biological characteristics of four different ratios of β-TCP compounds mixed with PCL were investigated.

Effects of At-Home and In-Office Bleaching Agents on the Color Recovery of Esthetic CAD-CAM Restorations after Red Wine Immersion.

The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of at-home and in-office bleaching agents on esthetic CAD-CAM materials after red wine immersion by measuring their optical properties. Sixty specimens were prepared out of three esthetic CAD-CAM materials: Vita Enamic, Celtra Duo, and Ceresmart (n = 20). All specimens were immersed in a red wine solution, and color measurements were performed.

Effect of thickness of externally characterized stains on optical properties of high-translucency zirconia.

Objectives: There is insufficient information about the effects of the thickness of externally characterized stains or glazes on CIELAB color parameters and the translucency parameter (TP) of 5 mol% yttria partially stabilized zirconia (5Y-PSZ). The present study evaluated the effect of a thickness reduction of the externally characterized or glazed layer on its CIE2000 color parameters and TP of 5Y-PSZ.

Materials And Methods: Twenty-eight specimens were sectioned from 5Y-PSZ blanks.

Characterization and Antibacterial Properties of Polyetherketoneketone Coated with a Silver Nanoparticle-in-Epoxy Lining.

Polyetherketoneketone (PEKK) is an alternative material for use in removable partial denture frameworks; these frameworks must exhibit antibacterial properties to reduce the risk of periodontal disease. In the present study, silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) were synthesized via the reduction of silver nitrate with sodium borohydride in a solution containing polyvinyl pyrrolidone (PVP). Transmission electron microscope images and dynamic light scattering confirmed that metallic nanoparticles had been created with an average size of 32 nm.

Rehardening and the Protective Effect of Gamma-Polyglutamic Acid/Nano-Hydroxyapatite Paste on Surface-Etched Enamel.

Many revolutionary approaches are on the way pertaining to the high occurrence of tooth decay, which is an enduring challenge in the field of preventive dentistry. However, an ideal dental care material has yet to be fully developed. With this aim, this research reports a dramatic enhancement in the rehardening potential of surface-etched enamels through a plausible synergistic effect of the novel combination of γ-polyglutamic acid (γ-PGA) and nano-hydroxyapatite (nano-HAp) paste, within the limitations of the study.

Effect of toothbrushing on the optical properties and surface roughness of extrinsically stained high-translucency zirconia.

Objectives: The effect of toothbrushing on the color, relative translucency, and surface roughness of extrinsically stained zirconia dental restorations is still unclear. The purpose of the present study was to evaluate the optical properties and surface textures of extrinsically stained or glazed partially stabilized zirconia with 5 mol% yttria (5Y-PSZ) after toothbrushing by determining changes in the color, translucency parameter (TP), and surface roughness.

Materials And Methods: Specimens (2 mm thick; n = 50) were sectioned from 5Y-PSZ blanks.

Color Stability and Staining Susceptibility of Direct Resin-Based Composites after Light-Activated In-Office Bleaching.

This study evaluated color stability and staining susceptibility of five direct resin-based composites (RBCs) subjected to light-activated in-office bleaching with 40% hydrogen peroxide (HP). The test materials included 5 RBCs, which consisted of one nano-filled, one sub-micron, one bulk-filled, and two nano-hybrid RBC types. Ten disc-shaped specimens of each RBC were fabricated and divided into bleaching (BLE) and non-bleaching (CON) groups ( = 5 for each group).

CXC chemokine ligand-13 promotes metastasis via CXCR5-dependent signaling pathway in non-small cell lung cancer.

The CXC chemokine ligand-13 (CXCL13) is a chemoattractant of B cells and has been implicated in the progression of many cancers. So far, CXCL13 and its related receptor CXCR5 have been proved to regulate cancer cell migration as well as tumour metastasis. However, the role of CXCL13-CXCR5 axis in metastasis of lung cancer is still poorly understood.

Effect of Different Bone Grafting Materials and Mesenchymal Stem Cells on Bone Regeneration: A Micro-Computed Tomography and Histomorphometric Study in a Rabbit Calvarial Defect Model.

This study evaluated the new bone formation potential of micro-macro biphasic calcium phosphate (MBCP) and Bio-Oss grafting materials with and without dental pulp-derived mesenchymal stem cells (DPSCs) and bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) in a rabbit calvarial bone defect model. The surface structure of the grafting materials was evaluated using a scanning electron microscope (SEM). The multipotent differentiation characteristics of the DPSCs and BMSCs were assessed.

Guided Tissue Regeneration Treatment Yields Better Results in Class II Furcations in the Mandible Than in the Maxilla: A Retrospective Study.

Absorbable porcine collagen membrane with a bovine bone graft can be considered for regenerative treatment in periodontal class II furcation defects. We evaluated the clinical efficacy of guided tissue regeneration (GTR) treatment with bovine bone xenograft and a porcine collagen membrane in molars with class II furcations. Probing depth (PD), clinical attachment level (CAL), and bone level (BL) were recorded at baseline and at 3, 6, and 9 months postoperatively.

miR-let-7c-5p and miR-149-5p inhibit proinflammatory cytokine production in osteoarthritis and rheumatoid arthritis synovial fibroblasts.

Osteoarthritis (OA) and rheumatoid arthritis (RA) are two of the most common types of arthritis. Both are characterized by the infiltration of a number of proinflammatory cytokines into the joint microenvironment. miRNAs play critical roles in the disease processes of arthritic disorders.

DPP4 reduces proinflammatory cytokine production in human rheumatoid arthritis synovial fibroblasts.

Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is an autoimmune disorder that is characterized by increasing levels of proinflammatory cytokines. The ubiquitous enzyme dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP4, also known as CD26) regulates different immune disorders, although the effects of DPP4 in RA are uncertain. Here, we found lower levels of DPP4 in RA synovial tissues compared with normal tissues.

Surface Modified β-Tricalcium phosphate enhanced stem cell osteogenic differentiation in vitro and bone regeneration in vivo.

A major number of studies have demonstrated Beta-tricalcium phosphate (β-TCP) biocompatibility, bioactivity, and osteoconductivity characteristics in bone regeneration. The aim of this research was to enhance β-TCP's biocompatibility, and evaluate its physicochemical properties by argon glow discharge plasma (GDP) plasma surface treatment without modifying its surface. Treated β-TCP was analyzed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy-dispersive spectrometry, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), X-ray diffraction analysis, and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy characterization.

Oral Microbiota Changes in Elderly Patients, an Indicator of Alzheimer's Disease.

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a neurodegenerative disease that usually affects older individuals. Owing to the higher incidence of root caries and missing teeth in elderly individuals, the bacteria involved in these dental concerns might potentially deteriorate their cognitive function. Altered microbiota in the oral cavity may induce neuroinflammation through migration from the oral cavity to the brain.

Microstructure, mechanical properties, and retentive forces of cobalt-chromium removable partial denture frameworks fabricated by selective laser melting followed by heat treatment.

Statement Of Problem: The effect of heat treatment on the microstructure and mechanical properties of cobalt-chromium (Co-Cr) removable partial denture (RPD) frameworks fabricated by selective laser melting (SLM) is not well understood.

Purpose: The purpose of this in vitro study was to evaluate the suitability of SLM-fabricated Co-Cr alloys followed by heat treatment as a framework for RPDs by determining the microstructure and mechanical properties.

Material And Methods: Dumbbell specimens and RPD frameworks were fabricated by using SLM followed by heat treatment.

Trueness of removable partial denture frameworks additively manufactured with selective laser melting.

Statement Of Problem: Although studies have reported on selective laser melting (SLM)-fabricated removable partial dentures (RPDs), research addressing the trueness of SLM-fabricated RPD metal frameworks is sparse.

Purpose: The purpose of this in vitro study was to evaluate the trueness of powdered cobalt-chromium (Co-Cr) or titanium-6 aluminum-4 vanadium (Ti-6Al-4V) alloy frameworks for RPDs fabricated by SLM.

Material And Methods: A digital scan of a Kennedy class II mandible typodont was obtained to design an RPD framework by using a computer-aided design (CAD) software program (denoted as CRF).

IGFBP-3 stimulates human osteosarcoma cell migration by upregulating VCAM-1 expression.

Aims: Insulin-like growth factor (IGF) signaling has been documented in several human malignancies and is thought to contribute to cellular differentiation and migration, as well as malignant progression. A major binding molecule of IGF, IGF-binding protein 3 (IGFBP-3), regulates multiple IGF effects. Here, we focused on the effect of IGFBP-3 in the motility of osteosarcoma cells and examined signaling regulation.

A Silk Fibroin Based Hydration Accelerator for Root Canal Filling Materials.

Mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA) is widely used in various dental endodontic applications such as root-end filling, furcal perforation repair, and vital pulp therapy. In spite of many attempts to improve handling properties and reduce the discoloration of MTA, the ideal root canal filling material has yet to be fully developed. The objective of this study was to investigate the setting time, mechanical properties, and biocompatibility of MTA set by a silk fibroin solution.

Prophylactic supplement with melatonin successfully suppresses the pathogenesis of periodontitis through normalizing RANKL/OPG ratio and depressing the TLR4/MyD88 signaling pathway.

Periodontitis (PD) is an inflammatory disease characterized by gingival inflammation and resorption of alveolar bone. Impaired receptor activator of nuclear factor-kappa B ligand/osteoprotegerin (RANKL/OPG) signaling caused by enhanced production of pro-inflammatory cytokines plays an essential role in the pathogenesis of PD. Considering melatonin possesses significant anti-inflammatory property, this study aimed to determine whether prophylactic treatment with melatonin would effectively normalize RANKL/OPG signaling, depress toll-like receptor 4/myeloid differentiation factor 88 (TLR4/MyD88)-mediated pro-inflammatory cytokine activation, and successfully suppress the pathogenesis of PD.

Effects of two surface finishes on the color of cemented and colored anatomic-contour zirconia crowns.

Statement Of Problem: The esthetic appearance of anatomic-contour zirconia restorations is influenced by the shade of the coloring liquid and the optical properties of the luting cements. However, few studies are available on the effects of surface-finishing methods and luting cements on colored anatomic-contour zirconia restorations.

Purpose: The purpose of this in vitro study was to investigate the effects of surface finishing methods on the color distribution of colored anatomic-contour zirconia crowns before and after being cemented onto abutments.