State-of-the-Art Light-Driven Hydrogen Generation from Formic Acid and Utilization in Enzymatic Hydrogenations.

A concept of combining photocatalytically generated hydrogen with green enzymatic reductions is demonstrated. The developed photocatalytic formic acid (FA) dehydrogenation setup based on Pt(x)@TiO shows stable hydrogen generation activity, which is two orders of magnitude higher than reported values of state-of-the-art systems. Mechanistic studies confirm that hydrogen generation proceeds via a photocatalytic pathway, which is entirely different from purely thermal reaction mechanisms previously reported.

Development of a practical formate/bicarbonate energy system.

Liquid (organic) hydrogen carriers ([18H]-dibenzyltoluene, MeOH, formic acid, etc.) form a toolbox for the storage and transport of green hydrogen, which is crucial for the implementation of renewable energy technologies. Simple organic salts have been scarcely investigated for this purpose, despite many advantages such as low cost and minor toxicity, as well as easy handling.

Hydromassage of macular hole edges for large and persistent full-thickness macular holes.

Aim: To introduce the macular hole (MH) hydromassage technique as a potentially beneficial approach for the treatment of large or persistent MH.

Methods: This retrospective observational case series comprised 16 consecutive patients (17 eyes) diagnosed with MH. Inclusion criteria involved a hole aperture diameter larger than 600 µm or the presence of an unclosed MH larger than 600 µm following the previous vitrectomy.

Complex Droplet Microreactor for Highly Efficient and Controllable Esterification and Cascade Reactions.

A highly efficient complex emulsion microreactor has been successfully developed for multiphasic water-labile reactions, providing a powerful platform for atom economy and spatiotemporal control of reaction kinetics. Complex emulsions, composing a hydrocarbon phase (H) and a fluorocarbon phase (F) dispersed in an aqueous phase (W), are fabricated in batch scale with precisely controlled droplet morphologies. A biphasic esterification reaction between 2-bromo-1,2-diphenylethane-1-ol (BPO) and perfluoro-heptanoic acid (PFHA) is chosen as a reversible and water-labile reaction model.

miR-378a-5p represses Barrett's esophagus cells proliferation, migration and invasion through targeting TSPAN8.

Barrett's esophagus (BE) belongs to a pathological phenomenon occurring in the esophagus, this paper intended to unveil the underlying function of miR-378a-5p and its target TSPAN8 in BE progression. GEO analysis was conducted to determine differentially expressed genes in BE samples. Non-dysplastic metaplasia BE samples, high-grade dysplastic BE samples and controls were collected from subjects.

Controllable enzymatic hydrolysis in reverse Janus emulsion microreactors.

Hypothesis: The key feature of living cells is multicompartmentalization for enzymatic reactions. Artificial cell-like multicompartments with micro domains are appealing to mimic the biological counterparts. In addition, establishing a sustainable, efficient, and controllable reaction system for enzymatic hydrolysis is imperative for the production of natural fatty acids from animal and plant-based fats.

Detection of Retinal Microvascular Changes with Optical Coherence Tomography Angiography in Patients with Acute Leukemia Without Retinopathy.

Introduction: Acute leukemia often affects microcirculation perfusion. This study aimed to investigate retinal microvascular changes in patients with acute leukemia without retinopathy during clinical remission using optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA) and to determine the correlation of these changes with systemic laboratory values.

Methods: Thirty-eight patients in remission from acute leukemia with no retinopathy (NLR group) and 36 age-matched healthy individuals (control group) were included in this cross-sectional study.

Carbon neutral hydrogen storage and release cycles based on dual-functional roles of formamides.

The development of alternative clean energy carriers is a key challenge for our society. Carbon-based hydrogen storage materials are well-suited to undergo reversible (de)hydrogenation reactions and the development of catalysts for the individual process steps is crucial. In the current state, noble metal-based catalysts still dominate this field.

Does COVID-19 affect mental health and substance use in young adults?

Background: Mental health has been impacted by COVID-19 throughout the United States and beyond. The mental health and well-being were further affected with excessive substance use during the pandemic. The aim of this research was to explore how the COVID-19 affects the mental health of the young adults (18-24 years) in the South Jersey area.

Manganese Promoted (Bi)carbonate Hydrogenation and Formate Dehydrogenation: Toward a Circular Carbon and Hydrogen Economy.

We report here a feasible hydrogen storage and release process by interconversion of readily available (bi)carbonate and formate salts in the presence of naturally occurring α-amino acids. These transformations are of interest for the concept of a circular carbon economy. The use of inorganic carbonate salts for hydrogen storage and release is also described for the first time.

Improved CO Capture and Catalytic Hydrogenation Using Amino Acid Based Ionic Liquids.

A series of alkyl ammonium (or imidazolium) based ionic liquids was tested as novel and potentially green absorbent for CO capture and utilization. By exploiting various amino acids as counter ions for ionic liquids, CO capture and hydrogenation to formate occur with high activity and excellent productivity utilizing arginine. The reaction was easily scalable without any significant drop in formate production, and the catalyst was reused for five consecutive runs leading to an overall TON of 12,741 for the formation of formate salt.

Construction and regulation of aqueous-based Cerberus droplets by vortex mixing.

Hypothesis: The emerging aqueous-based Cerberus emulsion droplets with multi-domains behave as an excellent platform to design cyto-mimetic compartmentalization for fabrication of anisotropic biomimetic materials and microreactors. However, the ultralow water/water interfacial tension impedes fabrication of aqueous Cerberus droplets in batch-scale and precisely topology regulation especially under lack of deep understanding of w/w interface properties.

Experiments: Aqueous-based ternary phase diagram composed by salt, hydrophilic polymer and fluorocarbon compound is determined.

Assessing perceived effectiveness of career development efforts led by the women in American Medical Informatics Association Initiative.

Objective: We sought to ascertain perceived factors affecting women's career development efforts in the American Medical Informatics Association (AMIA) and to provide recommendations for improvements.

Materials And Methods: Data were collected using a 27-item survey administered via the AMIA newsletter and other social channels. Survey questions comprised 3 demographics, 15 Likert-scale, and 9 open-ended items.

Homogeneous Carbon Capture and Catalytic Hydrogenation: Toward a Chemical Hydrogen Battery System.

Recent developments of CO capture and subsequent catalytic hydrogenation to C1 products are discussed and evaluated in this Perspective. Such processes can become a crucial part of a more sustainable energy economy in the future. The individual steps of this catalytic carbon capture and usage (CCU) approach also provide the basis for chemical hydrogen batteries.

Unilateral isolated optic nerve infiltration combined with central retinal artery occlusion in a patient with acute myeloid leukemia.

Purpose: To report a case of unilateral isolated optic nerve infiltration combined with central retinal artery occlusion in a patient with acute myeloid leukemia.

Observations: A 28-year-old acute myeloid leukemia patient with systemic remission after hematopoietic stem cell transplantation presented with optic nerve infiltration combined with central retinal artery occlusion. Fundus examination showed diffuse papillary swelling with blurred margins and whitening macular with cherry-red spot.

Chiral Supramolecular Polymers Assembled by Amphiphilic Oligopeptide-Perylene Diimides and High Electrochemical Sensing.

Various secondary structures, for example, β-sheet hydrogen bonds formed by oligopeptides exhibiting high directionality and selectivity provide a new avenue to regulate optoelectronic performances of supramolecular assemblies constructed by π-conjugated chromophores. In this work, oligopeptide-perylene diimides (AUPDIs) are synthesized to generate β-sheet strands which guide the formation of chiral supramolecular polymers with a diversity of morphologies in combination with the π-π stacking even in aqueous media. Complex morphology transitions are successfully controlled by simply adjusting the water volume fraction in the binary solvent of water and tetrahydrofuran from spherical hollow aggregates to long helical nanowires and to short nanofibers.

Hierarchical self-assemblies of carnosine asymmetrically functioned perylene diimide with high optoelectronic response.

Hypothesis: Taking advantage of photoinduced electron transfer, one dimensional organic nanomaterials with tunable donor-acceptor (D-A) interface provide a promising avenue to get high optoelectric properties. However, strong charge transfer interaction between D and A segments impedes the formation of long-range ordered structure, which limits the charge transport through efficient π electronic delocalization. Incorporation of chiral peptide offering various hydrogen bonding (H-bonding) along with asymmetric molecular structure enables substantially controllable D-A interface and tunable organization of the π-conjugates.

An amino acid based system for CO capture and catalytic utilization to produce formates.

Herein, we report a novel amino acid based reaction system for CO capture and utilization (CCU) to produce formates in the presence of the naturally occurring amino acid l-lysine. Utilizing a specific ruthenium-based catalyst system, hydrogenation of absorbed carbon dioxide occurs with high activity and excellent productivity. Noteworthy, following the CCU concept, CO can be captured from ambient air in the form of carbamates and converted directly to formates in one-pot (TON > 50 000).

Hydrosilylation Reactions Catalyzed by Rhenium.

Hydrosilylation is an important process, not only in the silicon industry to produce silicon polymers, but also in fine chemistry. In this review, the development of rhenium-based catalysts for the hydrosilylation of unsaturated bonds in carbonyl-, cyano-, nitro-, carboxylic acid derivatives and alkenes is summarized. Mechanisms of rhenium-catalyzed hydrosilylation are discussed.

Organophosphorus and Iron Catalysis: Good Partners for Hydrometalation of Olefins and Alkynes.

The last decades have seen an impressive development of iron complexes involving organophosphorus ligands applied in homogeneous catalyzed hydrometalation of olefins and alkynes. Two main topics will be covered in this JOCSynopsis: (i) an overview of the achievements in the area of iron-catalyzed hydrophosphination and then (ii) hydrosilylation, hydroborylation, and hydromagnesiation reactions promoted by catalysts based on organophosphorus ligands and iron.

Manganese and rhenium-catalyzed selective reduction of esters to aldehydes with hydrosilanes.

The selective reduction of esters to aldehydes, via the formation of stable alkyl silyl acetals, was, for the first time, achieved with both manganese, -Mn(CO)- and rhenium -Re(CO)- catalysts in the presence of triethylsilane as reductant. These two methods provide a direct access to a large variety of aliphatic and aromatic alkyl silyl acetals (30 examples) and to the corresponding aldehydes (13 examples) upon hydrolysis. The reactions proceeded in excellent yields and high selectivity at room temperature under photo-irradiation conditions (LED, 365 nm, 40 W, 9 h).

A review of auditing techniques for the Unified Medical Language System.

Objective: The study sought to describe the literature related to the development of methods for auditing the Unified Medical Language System (UMLS), with particular attention to identifying errors and inconsistencies of attributes of the concepts in the UMLS Metathesaurus.

Materials And Methods: We applied the PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses) approach by searching the MEDLINE database and Google Scholar for studies referencing the UMLS and any of several terms related to auditing, error detection, and quality assurance. A qualitative analysis and summarization of articles that met inclusion criteria were performed.

Sigma-1 receptor is involved in diminished ovarian reserve possibly by influencing endoplasmic reticulum stress-mediated granulosa cells apoptosis.

Sigma non-opioid intracellular receptor 1 (sigma-1 receptor), a non-opioid transmembrane protein, is located on cellular mitochondrial membranes and endoplasmic reticulum. Current research has demonstrated that sigma-1 receptor is related to human degenerative diseases. This study is focused on the effects of sigma-1 receptor on the pathophysiological process of diminished ovarian reserve (DOR) and granulosa cells (GCs) apoptosis.

Controlled Group Motion of Anisotropic Janus Droplets Prepared by One-Step Vortex Mixing.

In living systems, highly efficient biological micromotors are fascinating and crucial to the maintenance and regulation of normal functions. Inspired by this, solid colloid motors with controlled movements were recently developed for diverse applications. However, to meet the requirements of more elaborate functionalities, the development of droplet-based micromotors, which feature with appealing advantages such as deformability, encapsulation capability, and biocompatibility, is demanding.

Rhenium-Catalyzed Reduction of Carboxylic Acids with Hydrosilanes.

Re(CO) efficiently catalyzes the direct reduction of various carboxylic acids under mild conditions (rt, irradiation 350 or 395 nm). While aliphatic carboxylic acids were readily converted to the corresponding disilylacetals with low catalyst loading (0.5 mol %) in the presence of EtSiH (2.