The Development of a One-Step PCR Assay for Rapid Detection of an Attenuated Vaccine Strain of Duck Hepatitis Virus Type 3 in Korea.

Duck hepatitis A virus type 3 (DHAV-3) is a viral pathogen that causes acute, high-mortality hepatitis in ducklings, and vaccination with attenuated live vaccines is currently the main preventive measure against it. However, differentiating infected from vaccinated animals (DIVA) is crucial for clinical diagnosis and effective disease control. This study aimed to develop a rapid mismatch amplification mutation assay PCR (MAMA-PCR) diagnostic method to simultaneously detect and differentiate between wild-type and vaccine strains.

Novel Ensemble Approach with Incremental Information Level and Improved Evidence Theory for Attribute Reduction.

With the development of intelligent technology, data in practical applications show exponential growth in quantity and scale. Extracting the most distinguished attributes from complex datasets becomes a crucial problem. The existing attribute reduction approaches focus on the correlation between attributes and labels without considering the redundancy.

Astaxanthin-loaded polylactic acid-glycolic acid nanoparticles alleviates atherosclerosis by suppressing macrophage ferroptosis via the NRF2/SLC7A11/GPX4 pathway.

Background: Astaxanthin (ASX), a fat-soluble carotenoid mainly sourced from Haematococcus pluvialis, shows promise for clinical applications in chronic inflammatory diseases. This study investigates whether ASX can mitigate atherosclerosis (AS) by modulating macrophage ferroptosis and provides astaxanthin-loaded polylactic acid-glycolic acid nanoparticles (ASX-PLGA NPs) as comparison.

Method: ApoE-/- mice were fed a high-fat diet with ASX or statin intervention.

Dual-Functional Carbon Dot Films: Blue-Light Filtration and Cyan-Light Conversion for Healthier White Light-Emitting Diodes.

Blue light emitted by commercial white light-emitting diodes (WLEDs) in the 440-470 nm range poses ocular health risks with prolonged exposure. Effective filtration is crucial for health-conscious lighting, but traditional filters often cause color distortion by completely removing blue emission. In this study, we address this challenge by synthesizing carbon dots (CDs) with strong absorption at 460 nm and bright cyan emission at 485 nm, featuring a photoluminescence quantum yield of 65% and a narrow full width at half-maximum of 30 nm.

Identification of a novel butenolide signal system to regulate high production of tylosin in Streptomyces fradiae.

Identifying hormone-like quorum sensing (QS) molecules in streptomycetes is challenging due to low production levels but is essential for understanding secondary metabolite biosynthesis and morphological differentiation. This work reports the discovery of a novel γ-butenolide-type signaling molecule (SFB1) via overexpressing its biosynthetic gene (orf18) in Streptomyces fradiae. SFB1 was found to be essential for production of tylosin through dissociating the binding of its receptor TylP (a transcriptional repressor) to target genes, thus activating the expression of tylosin biosynthetic gene cluster (tyl).

Alkyl zinc complexes derived from formylfluorenimide ligands: synthesis, characterization and catalysis for hydroboration of aldehydes and ketones.

Five new alkyl zinc complexes supported by different formylfluorenimide ligands were prepared and characterized. Complex 1 was obtained by the reaction of 9-[N(CH)-Cy-NCH]Fl (Cy = 2-cyclohexyl) (Fl = fluorenylL1 with diethylzinc (ZnEt) in tetrahydrofuran. Reacting 9-[2-pyridyl-CH-NCH]Fl L2 with ZnEt in tetrahydrofuran yielded complex 2.

Long-term Clinical outcomes and Optimal Treatment Approaches of Degenerative Cervical Spondylosis: A 12-year Multicenter Retrospective Cohort Study.

Study Design/setting: A retrospective cohort study.

Objective: To compare long-term outcomes and complications of cervical disc replacement (CDR) and anterior cervical discectomy and fusion (ACDF) with cage-plate constructs (CPC) and stand-alone (SA) cages in treating degenerative cervical spondylosis.

Summary Of Background Data: ACDF is commonly used for cervical radiculopathy but may increase adjacent segment degeneration (ASD).

Efficacy of Contezolid in the Treatment of Catheter-Related Bloodstream Infections Caused by Methicillin-Resistant in a Patient with Hepatorenal Syndrome and Acute Kidney Injury: A Case Report.

The Hepatorenal Syndrome-Acute Kidney Injury (HRS-AKI) patients infected with methicillin-resistant (MRSA) urgently require safe and effective treatment options due to their compromised hepatic and renal functions, as well as thrombocytopenia resulting from hypersplenism. In our case, an HRS-AKI patient who underwent continuous renal replacement therapy for fluid overload developed fever with chills. His blood tests indicated elevated C-reactive protein and neutrophils, low platelet count, and bilateral lung infiltrates.

The efficacy of Tripterygium Glycosides in the treatment of Chinese patients with thyroid-associated orbitopathy: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Objective: This study aims to conduct a systematic review of the effectiveness and safety of Tripterygium Glycosides interventions in the treatment of Chinese patients with thyroid-associated orbitopathy (TAO).

Methods: A literature search was conducted using PubMed for English sources, and the CNKI, Chinese Biomedical Database, Wanfang Database, and VIP Database for Chinese sources. The search period extended from the beginning of the databases' creation to Dec.

Association between non-high-density lipoprotein cholesterol to high-density lipoprotein cholesterol ratio and telomere length: the NHANES 1999-2002.

Background: The relationship between non-high-density lipoprotein cholesterol to high-density lipoprotein cholesterol ratio (NHHR) and telomere length (TL) remains unclear. This study aims to investigate their association in a nationally representative US population.

Methods: Data from 6,342 adults aged ≥20 were obtained from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 1999-2002.

Modulation of mitochondrial functions contributes to the protection of lamotrigine against Alzheimer's disease.

Background: Our previous studies have established that the broad-spectrum anti-epileptic drug lamotrigine (LTG) confers protection against cognitive impairments, synapse and nerve cell damage, as well as characteristic neuropathologies in APP/PS1 mice, a mouse model of Alzheimer's disease (AD). However, the precise molecular mechanisms responsible for this protective effect induced by LTG remain largely elusive.

Objective: In this study, we aimed to investigate the mechanisms underlying the beneficial effects of LTG against AD.

Muscle fiber types switched during the development of experimental autoimmune myasthenia gravis via the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway.

As one of the largest organs of our human body, skeletal muscle has good research prospects in myasthenia gravis (MG), the symptoms of which include systemic skeletal muscle weakness. Skeletal muscle is composed of two types of muscle fibers. Different fiber subtypes can be converted into each other; however, the underlying mechanism is not yet clear.

Lung resection and new postoperative home oxygen requirement: a systematic review.

Background: While patients are assessed for their ability to tolerate surgery through physiologic evaluations such as pulmonary function tests, ventilation-perfusion scans, and exercising testing, some patients still require home oxygen therapy after pulmonary resection. It is not well understood what the associated risk factors are, how long patients need supplemental oxygen, and if this requirement is associated with worse long-term outcomes. Given these knowledge gaps, we sought to conduct a systematic review of pulmonary resections and new postoperative home oxygen requirement.

Revealing New Analytical Insights into RNA Complexes: Divalent siRNA Characterization by Liquid Chromatography and Mass Spectrometry.

Accurate characterization of therapeutic RNA, including purity and identity, is critical in drug discovery and development. Here, we utilize denaturing and non-denaturing chromatography for the analysis of ∼25 kDa divalent small interfering RNA (di-siRNA), which comprises a complex 2:1 triplex structure. Ion pair reversed-phase (IPRP) liquid chromatography (LC) experiments with UV absorbance and mass spectrometry (MS) showcase a single denaturing LC method for identity confirmation, impurity profiling, and sequencing with automated MS data interpretation.

Fucoidan from Apostichopus japonicus enhances intestinal barrier function and promotes intestinal immunity via regulating the gut microbiota and tryptophan metabolism.

Apostichopus japonicus is one of the most popular types of sea cucumber among consumers in Southeast Asia. Fucoidan from Apostichopus japonicus (Aj-FUC) has attracted considerable attention because of its immunomodulatory activities. Aj-FUC is indigestible in the human upper gastrointestinal tract but can be utilized by the gut microbiota.

Inserted-B atoms modulating electronic structure of Pt enhancing hydrogen evolution under Universal-pH.

The development of high-performance electrocatalysts for hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) in different pH conditionsis pivotal in producing green hydrogen, but remains challenging. Herein, we regulate the p-d orbitals hybridization between B and Pt for effective and durable HER at all pH ranges by controlling the inserted B atom. Consequently, the optimized B-doped Pt catalysts with 20 at.

NCCN Guidelines® Insights: Lung Cancer Screening, Version 1.2025.

The NCCN Clinical Practice Guidelines in Oncology (NCCN Guidelines) for Lung Cancer Screening provide criteria for selecting individuals for screening and offer recommendations for evaluating and managing lung nodules detected during initial and subsequent annual screening. These NCCN Guidelines Insights focus on recent updates to the NCCN Guidelines for Lung Cancer Screening.

Performance Evaluation and Implications of Large Language Models in Radiology Board Exams: Prospective Comparative Analysis.

Background: Artificial intelligence advancements have enabled large language models to significantly impact radiology education and diagnostic accuracy.

Objective: This study evaluates the performance of mainstream large language models, including GPT-4, Claude, Bard, Tongyi Qianwen, and Gemini Pro, in radiology board exams.

Methods: A comparative analysis of 150 multiple-choice questions from radiology board exams without images was conducted.

Prognostic factors and survival outcomes in patients with salivary duct carcinoma: a retrospective cohort study.

Background: Salivary duct carcinoma (SDC) is a highly aggressive salivary gland malignancy with poor prognosis. The aim was to investigate the prognostic factors and survival outcomes in a cohort of SDC patients.

Materials And Methods: This study retrospectively analyzed the clinicopathological data of 61 SDC patients treated at the First Medical Center of the PLA General Hospital between January 2010 and December 2020.

Rapid visual detection of hepatitis E virus combining reverse transcription recombinase-aided amplification with lateral flow dipstick and real-time fluorescence.

Unlabelled: Hepatitis E virus (HEV) is a globally prevalent zoonotic pathogen that is primarily spread through the fecal-oral route, such as by consuming undercooked or contaminated pork. HEV infection leads to an estimated 3.3 million symptomatic cases of viral hepatitis and 70,000 deaths in human populations each year.

Silencing Map3k7 suppresses pyroptosis to alleviate bronchopulmonary dysplasia through inhibiting the TGF-β1/Smad3 pathway.

Bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) is a serious complication in premature infants. This study aimed to investigate the mechanism of mitogen-activated protein 3 kinase 7 (Map3k7) affecting BPD by regulating caspase-1 mediated pyroptosis. The morphology of the lung tissue was observed using hematoxylin-eosin staining.

Clinical efficacy of pyrotinib combined with chemotherapy for neoadjuvant treatment in HER2-positive breast cancer: a single-center study.

This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of pyrotinib, an orally administered small molecule tyrosine kinase inhibitor, combined with neoadjuvant chemotherapy in treating patients with human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2)-positive breast cancer. Pyrotinib works by inhibiting the HER2 signaling pathway, thereby preventing tumor cell growth. This single-arm clinical trial aimed to assess the total pathological complete response (tpCR; ypT0/is and ypN0) rate as the primary endpoint.

Utilising bioinformatics and systems biology methods to uncover the impact of dermatomyositis on interstitial lung disease.

Objectives: Dermatomyositis (DM) is frequently associated with interstitial lung disease (ILD); however, the molecular mechanisms underlying this association remain unclear. This study aimed to employ bioinformatics approaches to identify potential molecular mechanisms linking DM and ILD.

Methods: GSE46239 and GSE47162 were analysed to identify common differentially expressed genes (DEGs).