Suitability of Direct Resin Composites in Restoring Endodontically Treated Teeth (ETT).

(1) Background: The in vitro study aimed to investigate mechanical characteristics of resin composites and their suitability in direct restauration of endodontically treated teeth (ETT). (2) Methods: 38 endodontically treated premolars with occlusal access cavities were directly restored using the following resin composites and adhesives: Tetric Evo Ceram + Syntac classic ( = 10), Venus Diamond + iBond Total-Etch ( = 10), Grandio + Solobond M ( = 9), Estelite Sigma Quick + Bond Force ( = 9). After thermocycling, the elastic modulus, shear-bond-strength, fracture load (Fmax) and fracture mode distribution were evaluated.

Artificial Space Weathering to Mimic Solar Wind Enhances the Toxicity of Lunar Dust Simulants in Human Lung Cells.

During NASA's Apollo missions, inhalation of dust particles from lunar regolith was identified as a potential occupational hazard for astronauts. These fine particles adhered tightly to spacesuits and were unavoidably brought into the living areas of the spacecraft. Apollo astronauts reported that exposure to the dust caused intense respiratory and ocular irritation.

Backdiffusion or bicarbonate may stimulate complement activation during haemodialysis with low-flux membranes.

Backdiffusion of dialysate during haemodialysis with low-flux membranes and the use of bicarbonate dialysatebase, may increase the risk for contamination. The influence on the complement system was studied by altering the flux of acetate or bicarbonate dialysate base across the membrane. Eight patients were dialysed with a transmembrane pressure of 100 mm Hg (group I) during the first 60 min to standardize the ultrafiltration (UF) and acetate as dialysate.

beta 2-Microglobulin and granulocyte elastase.

Plasma beta 2-M was measured by radioimmunoassay in samples obtained before and after dialysis with seven different dialysers, tested according to the protocol of the International Cooperative Biocompatibility Study (ICBS). Plasma beta 2-M was corrected for contraction of its distribution volume, which was assumed to be equal to the extracellular fluid volume. The uncorrected plasma beta 2-M concentration increased with all conventional dialysers, including the G10-3N, (cuprammonium cellulose plate), G120 M (cuprammonium cellulose hollow fibre), CD 4000 (cellulose acetate) and T 150 (polymethylmethacrylate).

Granulocyte elastase, beta-thromboglobulin, and C3d during acetate or bicarbonate hemodialysis with Hemophan compared to a cellulose acetate membrane.

Twenty-two patients were dialysed in a cross-over design using Hemophan or cellulose acetate membranes. The dialysate buffer was acetate (n = 12) or bicarbonate (n = 10). Blood was sampled at 0, 15, 60 and 180 min and mean values were adjusted for changes in total protein in each sample.

Repeated application of EMLA cream 5% for the alleviation of cannulation pain in haemodialysis.

The analgesic effect and the occurrence of local reactions after repeated application of a lidocaine/prilocaine cream (EMLA 5%) were investigated in 31 haemodialysis patients. The cream was used for alleviation of cannulation pain prior to the haemodialysis (HD) for a period of 1-1.5 years.

Clinical investigation of the new dialyzer Gambro PRO-3.

A new plate dialyzer, Gambro PRO-3, with a polycarbonate-polyether membrane (Gambrane) was tested. The membrane thickness is 16 micron and the dialyzer surface area 0.77 m2.

Evaluation of impedance technique for fluid-volume monitoring during hemodialysis.

Fluid-volume changes during hemodialysis were studied in 30 patients at four separate treatments in each patient. Readings of fluid-volume changes obtained by a fluid-balance monitor with non-invasive tetrapolar impedance technique were compared to changes in weight caused by the treatment. A correlation coefficient of r = 0.

Carotid baroreflexes during hemodialysis.

In 9 regular hemodialysis patients, the carotid baroreceptor reflex was studied using standardized carotid sinus stimulation by neck suction. All patients were studied during predialysis conditions (recirculation), and during dialysis using dialyzate sodium concentrations of 145 and 133 mmoles/l. Baroreceptor stimulation was performed during the recirculation period and after 120-266 minutes of combined dialysis and ultrafiltration.

Fulminating anti-A autoimmune hemolysis with anuria in a renal transplant recipient: a therapeutic role of plasma exchange.

In this communication we present a case of fulminating anti-A autoimmune hemolysis with anuria occurring during the postoperative course after a successful renal transplantation. The patient was treated with repeated plasma exchange in an effort to remove antibodies directed against the red cells and also to eliminate the products of hemolysis known to cause acute renal failure. Subsequently the hemolysis receded and the patient regained graft function.

Influence of dialysate composition on cardiovascular function in isovolaemic haemodialysis.

Haemodynamic studies were made in eight patients before and during isovolaemic dialysis with five different dialysis solutions which varied with regard to concentration of sodium, acetate, bicarbonate and urea. Low sodium (133mmol/L) in the dialysate induced a fall in blood pressure both with and without urea removal, but no significant fall in peripheral vascular resistance. Acetate in the dialysate at higher sodium concentration (140mmol/L) resulted in peripheral vasodilation but no fall in blood pressure due to a compensatory increase in heart rate and cardiac output.

Hemodynamic changes during sequential ultrafiltration and dialysis.

Seven patients on regular dialysis were studied to elucidate the hemodynamic changes during ultrafiltration and dialysis, performed sequentially, the period of ultrafiltration (1 hour) either preceding or following dialysis (3 hours). During dialysis ultrafiltration was prevented by applying positive pressure in the dialysate compartment. Cardiac index (dye dilution: indocyanine green), heart rate, stroke volume index, blood pressure, and total peripheral vascular resistance index were measured.

[Hemodynamic changes during ultrafiltration and hemodialysis in uremia].

1. The ultrafiltration causes a reduction of blood pressure and minute output of the heart which is compensated by vasoconstriction and thus a decrease of blood pressure is prevented. 2.

The influence of dialysis fluid composition on the blood pressure response during dialysis.

To elucidate the relative role of osmolar (sodium) and acetate shifts during dialysis, 6 patients with problems of overhydration underwent rapid ultrafiltration for 1 hr (mean weight reduction 2.0 kg), using the 1 m2 RP 6 dialyzer. Ultrafiltration was carried out at the beginning of each of 5 dialysis treatments at weekly intervals.

Pheochromocytoma and renovascular hypertension. A case report on a review of the literature.

A case of hypertension with simultaneous occurrence of a para-aortal pheochromocytoma and a functionally significant membranous renal artery stenosis is reported. The pheochromocytoma was excised surgically and a vein patch angioplasty was performed. Postoperatively the BP returned to normal.

Lymphocytic responses to streptococcal antigens in glomerulonephritic patients.

The lymphocytes from patients with progressive glomerulonephritis showed significant inhibition of cell migration in the presence of group A streptococcal particulate antigens. Marked increases in the level of DNA synthesis of these lymphocytes were also observed after contact with these antigens. Lymphocytes from patients with unrelated renal disorders exhibited minimum reactivity to streptococcal antigens.