Surface immunoglobulin restriction in B-non Hodgkin's lymphomas in cell suspension and on frozen tissue sections.

The diagnostic relevance of different tests for detection of surface immunoglobulin on tumour cells of B-type non-Hodgkin's lymphomas (B-NHL) was investigated by comparison of the direct antiglobulin rosetting reaction (DARR) in suspension with two-colour direct immunofluorescence (DIF) on frozen tissue sections. In benign lymph nodes (n = 27) the kappa/lambda ratio by DARR test ranged from 0.9 to 2.

Macrophage T lymphocyte interactions in the anti-tumor immune response: a mathematical model.

In this paper we present a model of the macrophage T lymphocyte interactions that generate an anti-tumor immune response. The model specifies i) induction of cytotoxic T lymphocytes, ii) antigen presentation by macrophages, which leads to iii) activation of helper T cells, and iv) production of lymphoid factors, which induce a) cytotoxic macrophages, b) T lymphocyte proliferation, and c) an inflammation reaction. Tumor escape mechanisms (suppression, antigenic heterogeneity) have been deliberately omitted from the model.

Metalophil histiocytes in non-Hodgkin's lymphomas particularly in malignant proliferations of B-lymphocytes.

The metalophil method for the demonstration of histiocytes was applied to 108 non-Hodgkin lymphomas diagnosed according to the Kiel classification. In 41 lymphomas the presence of histiocytes was assessed with the aid of the non-specific esterase reaction. The same procedures were performed on 12 lymph nodes with follicular hyperplasia and/or sinus histiocytosis.

A macrophage factor enhancing the systemic anti-tumour effect of T lymphocytes.

Spleen cells sensitized to tumour cells have an anti-tumour effect on injected syngeneic lymphosarcoma cells in mice. This study shows that this anti-tumour effect can be enhanced by induced peritoneal macrophages and by macrophage-like tumour cells (macrophages). Addition of macrophages to the intraperitoneally injected sensitized spleen cells stimulated the anti-tumour effect.

Lymphocyte-induced macrophage cytotoxicity. Production of specific macrophage arming factor by sensitized Lyt 1+2+ T-lymphocytes.

T cells obtained from C57BL (H-2b) mice, that were immunized against allogeneic SL2 (H-2d) tumor cells, were able to produce a factor with the capacity to render macrophages cytotoxic. The factor producing T cells were of the Lyt 1+2+ phenotype. The factor was only produced by the T cells after triggering in vitro by SL2 cells or other cells with H-2d antigens.

Sézary syndrome with early immunoblastic transformation.

Two patients with clinical manifestations of Zézary syndrome are reported. In both cases from an early stage of the disease in addition to characteristic Sézary cells large numbers of immunoblasts were present in skin lesions and peripheral lymph nodes and in one case also in the blood. Their relationship to the characteristic Sézary cells was shown by morphological, cytochemical and immunological methods.

Lymphocyte induced macrophage cytotoxicity: characterization of the macrophage cytotoxicity-inducing lymphocyte.

The phenotype of lymphocytes, obtained from mice immunized with allogeneic tumor cells, with the capacity to induce macrophage cytotoxicity was determined. Macrophage cytotoxicity was induced, either by incubating the macrophages with Macrophage Arming Factor (MAF) containing supernatants of cultures of sensitized lymphocytes and tumor cells (arming) or by incubating the macrophages directly with sensitized lymphocytes and tumor cells (activation). The MAF producing or activating capacity of the lymphocytes was not only "triggered" by the sensitizing tumor cells but also by normal cells and other tumor cells bearing the H-2 determinants of the sensitizing tumor cell.

An improved method of unit gravity sedimentation separation for murine peritoneal macrophage populations.

A new method for the separation of murine peritoneal macrophage populations is described. Different macrophage populations were separated by velocity sedimentation in a Percoll gradient. The macrophages were separated by size as was shown by a morphometrical analysis.

Identification and in situ localization of the "thymic nurse cell" in man.

The observation of the "thymic nurse cell" (TNC), a reticuloepithelial cell with intracytoplasmic lymphocytes, in suspension of murine thymic tissue prompted us to investigate the existence of this cell in cell suspension, as well as in tissue sections of the human thymus. TNC-like cells were enriched in suspension by enzymatic disintegration of thymic tissue and 1 X G sedimentation over 50% fetal calf serum gradients. TNC-like cells were negative for lysosomal enzymes: in this respect, as well as in light microscopic morphology, the cells were different from tissue macrophages with intracytoplasmic lymphocytes.

Macrophage-like cell lines: endogenous peroxidatic activity, cell surface antigens, and colony-stimulating factor production.

The murine macrophage-like cells NCTC 1469, J774A, WEHI-3, IC21, and P388D1, were compared with respect to their peroxidatic activity, display of cell surface antigens, and production of colony-stimulating factor. Peroxidatic activity was demonstrated in the nuclear envelope and in the cisternae of the rough endoplasmic reticulum of NCTC 1469 cells, J774A cells, and P388D1 cells, and in granules of WEHI-3 cells and IC21 cells. Colony-stimulating factor was produced only by WEHI-3 cells.

NCTC 1469 CB, a subline of the macrophage-like cell line NCTC 1469 with reduced phagocytic activity.

A variant subline, NCTC 1469 CB, of the macrophage-like cell line NCTC 1469 is described. NCTC 1469 CB cells are macrophage-like cells as the cells adhere, phagocytose carbon particles, have Fc and complement receptors and high levels of lysosomal enzymes. NCTC 1469 CB cells, however, do not phagocytose erythrocytes coated with IgG and complement, while the original NCTC 1469 cells phagocytose these coated erythrocytes in large amounts.

Parietal cell vagotomy in a surgical training program.

Parietal cell vagotomy was performed in 48 patients at the Parkland Memorial Hospital and the Dallas Veterans Administration Hospital between April 1977 and January 1981. The maximum follow-up time was 50 months and the average was 28 months. Seventy-five percent of the patients were followed for more than 1 year.

The induction of lymphocytes with the capacity to render macrophages cytotoxic in an allogeneic murine system.

Sensitized spleen and peripheral lymph node lymphocytes were tested after different types of immunization with allogeneic tumour cells for their capacity to induce macrophage cytotoxicity in vitro. The macrophages were rendered cytotoxic either by direct contact with lymphocytes and tumour cells (activation of macrophages) or by a factor (macrophage arming factor, MAF), released by the sensitized lymphocytes incubated with tumour cells (arming of macrophages). Both types of reactions are T-cell dependent.

Effect of parietal cell vagotomy on gastric emptying in duodenal ulcer disease.

Gastric emptying was delayed preoperatively in 9 of 19 patients with duodenal ulcer disease, but all 9 patients with evidence of retention by scan were asymptomatic; gastric emptying was normal in the remaining 10 patients. A significant delay in gastric emptying was documented by scan in 17 of 19 patients immediately after parietal cell vagotomy (despite the absence of symptoms of gastric retention). Delayed emptying was demonstrated in three patients who were restudied more than 1 year after parietal cell vagotomy; again these patients had no symptoms of gastric retention at any time.

Cell surface antigen phenotypes and enzyme expression patterns of two murine T-cell lymphomas derived from early and/or mature thymus cells.

A number of cell surface markers (T200, ThB, Thy1, Lyt1 and Lyt2 and a glycolipid) and enzymes (ATP-ase, acid phosphatase, beta-glucuronidase, 5'-nucleotidase, non-specific esterase, ANAE and chloroacetate esterase) were determined for two murine T-cell lymphomas: the DBA/2-strain-derived SL2 with a phenotype close to that of a mature thymocyte and the GRS-strain-derived GSRL13 with a phenotype of a more primitive thymocyte. While the pattern of expression of the enzymes was similar for SL2 and GRSL13 and as such indistinguishable from that of the majority of thymus cells, the pattern of cell surface antigen expression was clearly different. GRSL12 cells express the ThB antigen and a glycolipid antigen detectable with monoclonal antibody 30-H11, but not Lyt1 and Lyt2 antigens.

Cutaneous T-cell lymphoma, multilobated type.

Three cases of a new type of lymphoma of the skin are described. Clinical manifestations were the development of papules, nodules and tumours which slowly progressed in size and extent in one region of the skin of elderly men. Dissemination to a regional lymph node occurred in only one.

Staging, growth properties and metastatic behaviour of a transplantable murine T-cell lymphoma.

Cell surface markers, enzymatic patterns, proliferation characteristics and metastatic behaviour of the DSA/2 derived SL2 lymphoma were determined. SL2 cells are sensitive to a heterologous antiserum to murine T-cells and to allo-antisera for Thy 1.2 and TL 1.