Venous Free Flap with Interposition Bypass Graft for Arteriovenous Fistula Preservation: A Case Report.

Cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (CSCC) overlying an arteriovenous fistula (AVF) is rare and presents unique challenges. This case report describes a method of fistula preservation after CSCC excision using a flow-through venous free flap. The saphenous vein of the venous flap was used as flow-through segment for AVF preservation.

Endovascular treatment of a pseudoaneurysm after an iatrogenic axillary artery injury.

The efficacy of covered stents for treatment of upper extremity pseudoaneurysms (PSA) has not been well documented. We report a case of an 82-year-old woman who presented with a hematoma in the left infraclavicular region as a result of previous permanent pacemaker placement. Subsequent ultrasound and chest computed tomography confirmed an axillary artery PSA.

Vena cava filters: a synopsis of complications and related topics.

Deep venous thrombosis and pulmonary embolism constitute common preventable causes of morbidity and mortality. The incidence of venous thromboembolism (VTE) continues to increase. Standard anticoagulation therapy may reduce the risk of fatal PE by 75% and that of recurrent VTE by over 90%.

The effect of preoperative clopidogrel on bleeding after coronary artery bypass surgery.

Introduction: Clopidogrel treatment is associated with a reduction in thrombotic complications in coronary stent placement, improved outcome after acute coronary syndromes, and decreased mortality in patients with coronary artery disease. The purpose of this study was to analyze the effect of preoperative clopidogrel exposure on bleeding complications, blood transfusions requirements, and reoperations in patients undergoing coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG).

Patients And Methods: This study included 320 patients from a single institution that underwent an isolated CABG who were discharged between July 2003 and June 2004.

Celiac artery compression syndrome: successful utilization of robotic-assisted laparoscopic approach.

Median arcuate ligament (MAL) syndrome, also known as the celiac axis compression syndrome (CACS) is rare, and a topic of ongoing academic controversy. CACS is a diagnosis of exclusion, characterized by the clinical triad of postprandial abdominal pain, weight loss, and vomiting. The classic management of CACS involves the surgical division of the MAL fibers.

Spontaneous renal artery dissection: three cases and clinical algorithms.

Spontaneous renal artery dissection (SRAD) is rare. Clinical manifestations vary from minimal symptoms to life-threatening hypertension. We analysed three cases from our institution and conducted a literature review in order to design diagnostic and treatment algorithms for SRAD.

Bilateral renal vein thrombosis secondary to membraneous glomerulonephritis: successful treatment with thrombolytic therapy.

Renal vein thrombosis (RVT) is a rare phenomenon. Bilateral RVT is even less common. RVT has been reported as idiopathic or in association with puerperium, hypercoagulable states, membraneous glomerulonephritis (MGn), renal transplantation, malignancy, and renal vein instrumentation or trauma.

Igf-I signalling controls the hair growth cycle and the differentiation of hair shafts.

Mesenchymal-epithelial signalling between the dermal papilla and the hair matrix regulates cell proliferation and differentiation in mature hair follicles. The molecular basis of these interactions is largely unexplored. According to its expression in the dermal papilla, IGF-I is likely involved in reciprocal signalling.

Major shifts in genomic activity accompany progression through different stages of the hair cycle.

Hair follicles display a unique pattern of cyclic growth and regression involving cell proliferation, differentiation and migration. The molecular details of these processes are largely unexplored. Global expression analyses on the basis of about 20,000 genes for each morphologically distinguishable stage of the hair cycle revealed unexpected complexities of and major temporal shifts in transcriptional programs involving about 13% of all genes.

Natural transformation of Pseudomonas stutzeri by single-stranded DNA requires type IV pili, competence state and comA.

Pseudomonas stutzeri, in addition to being transformed by duplex DNA, is also transformed by the sense or antisense strand of the genetic marker employed (hisX(+)) or by heat-denatured chromosomal DNA. Transformation was absent in non-competent cells and in mutants defective for pilus biogenesis (pilA, pilC) and function (pilT) or DNA translocation into the cytoplasm (comA). Uptake of (3)H-thymidine-labeled single-stranded DNA was hardly detectable reflecting the 20- to 60-fold lower transformation compared to duplex DNA.

Requirement of novel competence genes pilT and pilU of Pseudomonas stutzeri for natural transformation and suppression of pilT deficiency by a hexahistidine tag on the type IV pilus protein PilAI.

The ubiquitous species Pseudomonas stutzeri has type IV pili, and these are essential for the natural transformation of the cells. An absolute transformation-deficient mutant obtained after transposon mutagenesis had an insertion in a gene which was termed pilT. The deduced amino acid sequence has identity with PilT of Pseudomonas aeruginosa (94%), Neisseria gonorrhoeae (67%), and other gram-negative species and it contains a nucleotide-binding motif.

Nedocromil sodium inhibits canine adenovirus bronchiolitis in beagle puppies.

Nedocromil sodium is a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug used to control asthmatic attacks. Our hypothesis is that nedocromil sodium inhibits virus-induced airway inflammation, a common trigger of asthma. We nebulized nedocromil sodium into beagle dogs (n = 10, mean +/- SEM ages: 149 +/- 13 days) before and after inoculation with canine adenovirus type 2 (CAV2).

Ragweed sensitization alters pulmonary vascular responses to bronchoprovocation in beagle dogs.

In ragweed (RW)-sensitized beagle dogs, we tested the hypothesis that reactivity of the pulmonary vasculature was enhanced with aerosolized histamine (Hist) and RW. Seven dogs were neonatally sensitized with repeated intraperitoneal RW injections, and 12 dogs were controls (Con). The dogs were anesthetized with intravenous chloralose, mechanically ventilated, and instrumented with femoral arterial and pulmonary artery catheters.

Effects and biotransformation of 4-dimethylaminophenol in man and dog.

The cyanide antidote 4-dimethylaminophenol . HCl (DMAP) was administered orally, i.v.

Effects of 4-dimethylaminophenol, Co2EDTA, or NaNO2 on cerebral blood flow and sinus blood homeostasis of dogs in connection with acute cyanide poisoning.

The effects of the cyanide antidotes DMAP, Co2EDTA, and NaNO2 on cerebral blood flow (CBF) and cerebral blood gases were investigated in connection with acute poisoning of dogs by cyanide. The substances were injected intravenously. Local CBF as measured with thermocouples in the cingulum increased by 100-200% after a non-lethal dose of KCN (1 mg/kg) and by 50% after injection of NaNO2 (15 mg/kg), that oxidized some 20% of the total hemoglobin to ferrihemoglobin.

Biochemical aspects of fluoroacetate poisoning in isolated rat kidney tubules: reversibility of inhibition of gluconeogenesis by alpha-ketoglutarate.

The effects of monofluoroacetate (FAC) on suspensions of isolated rat kidney tubules were investigated. FAC inhibited gluconeogenesis from lactate, pyruvate, fructose, dihydroxyacetone, alpha-ketoglutarate, and succinate. The gluconeogenesis from pyruvate, ketoglutarate, and lactate was less sensitive to FAC than that from other substrates.

Interactions of the chelating agent 2,3-dimercaptopropane-1-sulfonate with red blood cells in vitro. I. Evidence for carrier mediated transport.

Uptake of the water soluble 1,2-dimercaptopropanol (BAL) derivative 2,3-dimercapto-1-sulfonate (DMPS) into human red blood cells was found in vitro and the mode of penetration studied in detail. The compound entered erythrocytes in a concentration dependent manner. In contrast to sealed ghosts where inside and outside concentrations reached the same value, DMPS accumulated in intact erythrocytes.

Interactions of the chelating agent 2,3-dimercaptopropane-1-sulfonate with red blood cells in vitro. II. Effects on metalloproteins.

The implications of the carrier mediated uptake of 2,3-dimercaptopropane-1-sulfonate (DMPS) (D.B. Wildenauer et al.