Prevalence of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) in Canada during the COVID-19 pandemic: results from the Survey on COVID-19 and Mental Health.

Introduction: This study provides a descriptive overview of the prevalence of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) in Canada, across sociodemographic characteristics, mental health-related variables and negative impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic.

Methods: Data were obtained from cycles 1 and 2 of the Survey on COVID-19 and Mental Health (SCMH), collected in fall 2020 (N = 14 689) and spring 2021 (N = 8032). The prevalence of PTSD was measured using the PTSD Checklist for DSM-5 (PCL-5) Cross-sectional associations were quantified using logistic regression, while controlling for sociodemographic characteristics.

" " Exploring the Experiences of Black and Hispanic Parents following a Congenital Heart Disease Diagnosis.

 Congenital heart disease (CHD) is an important contributor to pediatric morbidity and mortality. Unfortunately, disparities in the diagnosis and treatment of CHD exist across racial and ethnic groups. The objective of this study was to share the experiences of Hispanic and Black families with CHD to better understand their needs.

A novel translational bioinformatics framework for facilitating multimodal data analyses in preclinical models of neurological injury.

Pediatric neurological injury and disease is a critical public health issue due to increasing rates of survival from primary injuries (e.g., cardiac arrest, traumatic brain injury) and a lack of monitoring technologies and therapeutics for treatment of secondary neurological injury.

Impact of Ultra-High-Pressure Homogenisation on the Inactivation of and Spores in Sheep and Cow Milk.

The efficacy of ultra-high-pressure homogenisation (UHPH) in inactivating ATCC 27142 and ATCC 6633 spores suspended in sheep and cow milk was investigated. The UHPH treatment was conducted at 200 and 250 MPa with an inlet temperature of 85 °C, resulting in homogenising valve temperatures of 117 °C and 127 °C, respectively. To isolate the role of temperature and pressure in the inactivation of bacterial spores, the UHPH treatment was repeated at 250 MPa with a lower inlet temperature of 70 °C that resulted in a valve temperature of 117 °C.

Assessing the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the mental health-related hospitalization rate of youth in Canada: an interrupted time series analysis.

Introduction: This study evaluated the effect of the COVID-19 pandemic on temporal trends in mental health and addiction-related inpatient hospitalization rates among youth (aged 10-17 years) in Canadian provinces and territories (excluding Quebec) from 1 April 2018 to 5 March 2022.

Methods: We conducted an interrupted time series analysis across three periods: T0 (pre-pandemic: 1 April 2018 to 15 March 2020); T1 (early pandemic: 15 March 2020 to 5 July 2020); and T2 (later pandemic: 6 July 2020 to 5 March 2022).

Results: Pre-pandemic mental health and addiction-related hospitalization rates had significant regional variability, with weekly rates from 6.

Intragastric restructuring dictates the digestive kinetics of heat-set milk protein gels of contrasting textures.

The gelation of milk proteins can be achieved by various means, enabling the development of diverse products. In this study, heat-set milk protein gels (15 % protein) of diverse textures were made by pH modulation and two gels were selected for dynamic in vitro gastric digestion: a spoonable soft gel (SG, pH 6.55' G' of ∼100 Pa) and a sliceable firm gel (FG, pH 5.

No "Top of the triangle kids": Toward conceptual clarity of students, behavior, and tiers in MTSS to advance social justice.

Schools have increasingly adopted multitier systems of support to address a variety of educational aims. Despite their grounding in behavioral science and the public health model of prevention, in many settings there has been a shift from a foundational focus on behavioral principles to emphasize categorization and treatment of "top of the triangle" or "Tier 3" students. Herein, we first discuss how such emphasis on situating individuals, rather than behaviors, within the continuum of supports is counter to the principles and goals of MTSS, as well as undermining efforts to support prevention and social justice.

Systematic review of the associations of SWPBS with exclusionary discipline and disproportionality in U.S. schools.

In response to patterns of educational inequity, many schools implement system-wide behavioral frameworks to reduce exclusionary discipline. School-wide positive behavior supports (SWPBS) is one such framework that seeks to support socially appropriate behavior by enhancing the capacity of schools to implement research-validated practices. However, there remains to be a systematic analysis of the extent to which SWPBS improves educational equity by reducing disparities in exclusionary discipline.

Novel High-tech, Low-cost Ventilation for Military Use, Mass Casualty Incidents, Stockpiling, and Underserved Communities.

Introduction: Despite the significant need for mechanical ventilation in- and out-of-hospital, mechanical ventilators remain inaccessible in many instances because of cost or size constraints. Mechanical ventilation is especially critical in trauma scenarios, but the impractical size and weight of standard mechanical ventilators restrict first responders from carrying them in medical aid bags, leading to reliance on imprecise manual bag-mask ventilation. This is particularly important in combat-related injury, where airway compromise and respiratory failure are leading causes of preventable death, but medics are left without necessary mechanical ventilation.

Genome-wide association studies for citric and lactic acids in dairy sheep milk in a New Zealand flock.

The objectives of this study were to estimate genetic parameters for citric acid content (CA) and lactic acid content (LA) in sheep milk and to identify the associated candidate genes in a New Zealand dairy sheep flock. Records from 165 ewes were used. Heritability estimates based on pedigree records for CA and LA were 0.

Chassis-based fiber-coupled optical probe design for reproducible quantitative diffuse optical spectroscopy measurements.

Advanced optical neuromonitoring of cerebral hemodynamics with hybrid diffuse optical spectroscopy (DOS) and diffuse correlation spectroscopy (DCS) methods holds promise for non-invasive characterization of brain health in critically ill patients. However, the methods' fiber-coupled patient interfaces (probes) are challenging to apply in emergent clinical scenarios that require rapid and reproducible attachment to the head. To address this challenge, we developed a novel chassis-based optical probe design for DOS/DCS measurements and validated its measurement accuracy and reproducibility against conventional, manually held measurements of cerebral hemodynamics in pediatric swine (n = 20).

Normoxic Management during Cardiopulmonary Bypass Does Not Reduce Cerebral Mitochondrial Dysfunction in Neonatal Swine.

Optimal oxygen management during pediatric cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) is unknown. We previously demonstrated an increase in cortical mitochondrial reactive oxygen species and decreased mitochondrial function after CPB using hyperoxic oxygen management. This study investigates whether controlled oxygenation (normoxia) during CPB reduces cortical mitochondrial dysfunction and oxidative injury.

The impact of heat-set milk protein gel textures modified by pH on circulating amino acid appearance and gastric function in healthy female adults: a randomised controlled trial.

Modification of dairy proteins during processing impacts structural assemblies, influencing textural and nutritional properties of dairy products, and release and availability of amino acids during digestion. By modifying only pH, acid heat-set bovine dairy gels with divergent textural properties were developed to alter protein digestion. assay confirmed faster digestion of protein from a firm gel (pH 5.

Caring for hearts and minds: a quality improvement approach to individualized developmental care in the cardiac intensive care unit.

Introduction: Infants with congenital heart disease (CHD) are at high risk for developmental differences which can be explained by the cumulative effect of medical complications along with sequelae related to the hospital and environmental challenges. The intervention of individualized developmental care (IDC) minimizes the mismatch between the fragile newborn brain's expectations and the experiences of stress and pain inherent in the intensive care unit (ICU) environment.

Methods: A multidisciplinary group of experts was assembled to implement quality improvement (QI) to increase the amount of IDC provided, using the Newborn Individualized Developmental Care and Assessment Program (NIDCAP), to newborn infants in the cardiac ICU.

Early Impairment of Cerebral Bioenergetics After Cardiopulmonary Bypass in Neonatal Swine.

We previously demonstrated cerebral mitochondrial dysfunction in neonatal swine immediately following a period of full-flow cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB). The extent to which this dysfunction persists in the postoperative period and its correlation with other markers of cerebral bioenergetic failure and injury is unknown. We utilized a neonatal swine model to investigate the early evolution of mitochondrial function and cerebral bioenergetic failure after CPB.

"They make it too hard and too many hoops to jump": system and organizational barriers to drug treatment during epidemic rates of opioid overdose.

Introduction: The United States is currently facing an opioid overdose crisis. Research suggests that multiple interventions are needed to reduce overdose deaths including increasing access and retention to medications to treat opioid use disorders (MOUD, i.e.

Relationships between body composition, anthropometrics, and standard lipid panels in a normative population.

Introduction: More than one third of adults in the United States (US) meet the clinical criteria for a diagnosis of metabolic syndrome, but often diagnosis is challenging due to healthcare access, costs and discomfort with the process and invasiveness associated with a standard medical examination. Less invasive and more accessible approaches to collecting biometric data may have utility in identifying individuals at risk of diagnoses, such as metabolic syndrome or dyslipidemia diagnoses. Body composition is one such source of biometric data that can be non-invasively acquired in a home or community setting that may provide insight into an individual's propensity for a metabolic syndrome diagnosis.

Reducing physical restraints in pediatrics: A quality improvement mixed-methods analysis of implementing a clinical debriefing process after behavioural health emergencies in a Children's Hospital.

Introduction: An increasing number of pediatric patients with mental and behavioral health (MBH) conditions present to Emergency Department (ED) and inpatient settings with behavioral events that require physical restraint (PR). PR usage is associated with adverse outcomes. Clinical debriefing (CD) programs have been associated with improved performance but have not been studied in this population.

The association of arterial blood pressure waveform-derived area duty cycle with intra-arrest hemodynamics and cardiac arrest outcomes.

Aim: Develop a novel, physiology-based measurement of duty cycle (Arterial Blood Pressure-Area Duty Cycle [ABP-ADC]) and evaluate the association of ABP-ADC with intra-arrest hemodynamics and patient outcomes.

Methods: This was a secondary retrospective study of prospectively collected data from the ICU-RESUS trial (NCT02837497). Invasive arterial waveform data were used to derive ABP-ADC.

Heavy episodic drinking and self-reported increased alcohol use during the COVID-19 pandemic: a spotlight on frontline and essential workers in Canada.

Introduction: There is evidence that some frontline and essential workers have increased their alcohol use during the COVID-19 pandemic; however, this has not been examined in Canada.

Methods: Using the Survey on COVID-19 and Mental Health 2020, weighted prevalence and 95% confidence intervals of self-reported increased alcohol consumption and heavy episodic drinking were calculated for each of the population groups: frontline workers, essential workers, and nonfrontline or essential workers (NFEW). Logistic regression was used to examine the associations between social determinants of health, mental health and alcohol use for each group.

Exploring the Therapeutic Potential of Phosphorylated -Tau Antibody in a Pig Model of Traumatic Brain Injury.

Traumatic brain injury (TBI) results in the generation of tau. As hyperphosphorylated tau (p-tau) is one of the major consequences of TBI, targeting p-tau in TBI may lead to the development of new therapy. Twenty-five pigs underwent a controlled cortical impact.

Social relationship provisions and loneliness in school: Child- and classroom-level effects.

Building on social needs theory (Weiss, 1974), this study introduces the construct of classroom provision richness and examines the association between the exchange of social provisions among children in classrooms and children's feelings of loneliness in school. We examined the receipt of provisions from reciprocally nominated friends versus unilateral (one-sided) and non-friend classmates and examined associations between social provisions and loneliness at the child and classroom levels. Participants were 998 third- through fifth-grade children (468 girls, 530 boys; 88.

A Template for Translational Bioinformatics: Facilitating Multimodal Data Analyses in Preclinical Models of Neurological Injury.

Background: Pediatric neurological injury and disease is a critical public health issue due to increasing rates of survival from primary injuries (e.g., cardiac arrest, traumatic brain injury) and a lack of monitoring technologies and therapeutics for the treatment of secondary neurological injury.

Non-invasive diffuse optical monitoring of cerebral physiology in an adult swine-model of impact traumatic brain injury.

In this study, we used diffuse optics to address the need for non-invasive, continuous monitoring of cerebral physiology following traumatic brain injury (TBI). We combined frequency-domain and broadband diffuse optical spectroscopy with diffuse correlation spectroscopy to monitor cerebral oxygen metabolism, cerebral blood volume, and cerebral water content in an established adult swine-model of impact TBI. Cerebral physiology was monitored before and after TBI (up to 14 days post injury).

Multiple lines of evidence suggest the persistence of the Ivory-billed Woodpecker () in Louisiana.

The history of the decline of the Ivory-billed Woodpecker is long and complex, but the status of the species since 1944, when the last widely accepted sighting in continental North America occurred, is particularly controversial. Reports of Ivory-billed Woodpeckers have continued, but none has reached the threshold of quality for general acceptance by ornithologists or the birdwatching public. In 2021, the U.