Ambient Air Pollution, Housing Context, and Birth Outcomes Among Wisconsin Mothers.

Objectives: To assess the association between air pollution exposure and housing context during pregnancy and adverse birth outcomes.

Methods: We linked air pollution data from the Environmental Protection Agency and housing data from the American Community Survey with birth records from Wisconsin counties over a 9-year period. We calculated average daily pregnancy exposure to fine particulate matter and ozone and modeled its relationship to preterm birth, low birthweight and NICU admission, adjusting for individual characteristics and housing context.

Autonomy in labour and delivery in a Latin American urban centre: a qualitative phenomenological analysis.

The medicalisation of childbirth has diminished the role of labouring people. We conducted an exploratory phenomenological qualitative study, using purposive sampling, and then conducted 17 semi-structured interviews between December 2016 and October 2017 with people who had recently given birth in a public hospital in the Northern Metropolitan area of Santiago, Chile. The sufficiency of the study group was determined according to saturation criteria.

Are Experiences of Racial Discrimination Associated with Postpartum Depressive Symptoms? A Multistate Analysis of Pregnancy Risk Assessment Monitoring System Data.

Postpartum depression (PPD) is a serious public health crisis disproportionately affecting women of color. We examine whether interpersonal racial discrimination is associated with higher odds of postpartum depressive symptoms (PPDS) among women of color and how it may vary by race/ethnicity and maternal educational attainment. We present a secondary analysis of cross-sectional data from Pregnancy Risk Assessment Monitoring System (PRAMS) postnatal surveys conducted in nine jurisdictions between 2012 and 2015 that included a question about being upset by experiences of racial discrimination within 12 months before giving birth.

Examining the Association Between Racial Bias Exposure and Postpartum Depression Among Women in Wisconsin.

Objective: To analyze the association between racial bias and postpartum depression among women in Wisconsin.

Methods: Analyzed the Wisconsin Pregnancy Risk Assessment Monitoring System with a weighted sample of 125,581 women/mothers who delivered a live birth in 2016-2017. The outcome was self-reported postpartum depression.

Prenatal Racial Discrimination Associated With Dissatisfaction With Prenatal Care.

Introduction: Maternal and infant racial and ethnic health disparities persist in Wisconsin. The Black infant mortality rate is 3 to 4 times that of White infants.

Objective: In this study, we used data from the Wisconsin Pregnancy Risk Assessment Monitoring System to examine women's experiences with racism and accessing pre- and postnatal care.

Preference for caesarean attitudes toward birth in a Chilean sample of young adults.

Background: Little empirical research exists about what motivates birth mode preferences, and even less about this topic in Latin America, where obstetric interventions and caesareans are some of the highest worldwide.

Aim: To identify factors associated with caesarean preference among Chilean men and women who plan to have children and to inform childbirth education and informed consent procedures.

Methods: An online cross-sectional survey measuring attitudes toward birth was administered to graduate students at a large public university in Chile.

Dimensions of childbirth care associated with maternal satisfaction among low-risk Chilean women.

The authors of this study aimed to describe the level of maternal satisfaction during labor reported by a national sample of low-risk childbearing women in Chile by identifying the dimensions of intrapartum care most determinant for overall satisfaction. Maternal satisfaction was measured in the postpartum period with an instrument previously validated in Chile. Almost half of the participants (49.

Interest in Insects: The Role of Entomology in Environmental Education.

University-based outreach programs have a long history of offering environmental education programs to local schools, but often these lessons are not evaluated for their impact on teachers and students. The impact of these outreach efforts can be influenced by many things, but the instructional delivery method can affect how students are exposed to new topics or how confident teachers feel about incorporating new concepts into the classroom. A study was conducted with a series of university entomology outreach programs using insects as a vehicle for teaching environmental education.

Facilitators and Barriers to Implementing Church-Based Adolescent Sexual Health Programs in Baltimore City.

Purpose: Black churches are an important community resource and a potentially powerful actor in adolescent health promotion. However, limited research exists describing the factors that may influence the successful implementation of evidence-based adolescent sexual health programs in churches. In the present study, a multi-informant approach was used to identify facilitators and barriers to implementing adolescent sexual health programs in black churches.

Labor and Birth Care Satisfaction Associated With Medical Interventions and Accompaniment During Labor Among Chilean Women.

Introduction: Satisfaction with care during labor and birth has been associated with various obstetric variables. The purpose of this study was to determine which labor and birth procedures are significant predictors of maternal patient satisfaction in a large cross-sectional sample.

Methods: An observational, cross-sectional study of 1660 women giving birth in Chilean public hospital facilities was conducted from 2012 to 2013.

Midwifery practice and maternity services: A multisite descriptive study in Latin America and the Caribbean.

Objective: over the past three decades there has been a social movement in Latin American countries (LAC) to support humanised, physiologic birth. Rates of caesarean section overall in Latin America are approximately 35%, increasing up to 85% in some cases. There are many factors related to poor outcomes with regard to maternal and newborn/infant health in LAC countries.

Bringing Evidence-Based Sexual Health Programs to Adolescents in Black Churches: Applying Knowledge From Systematic Adaptation Frameworks.

Previous studies have documented Black churches' receptivity to implementing adolescent sexual health programs within their congregations. Some authors have argued for new sexual health programs to be designed specifically for churches, similar to the development of school- and community-based interventions. However, strategies and curricula used in secular settings may also be effective in influencing sexual behaviors among youth in churches.

Treatment of refractory acute leukemia with timed sequential chemotherapy using topotecan followed by etoposide + mitoxantrone (T-EM) and correlation with topoisomerase II levels.

A phase I/II clinical study evaluated 17 patients with refractory/recurrent acute leukemia treated with 1.5 mg/m2/day topotecan on days 1-3 followed by etoposide (100 mg/m2/day)+mitoxantrone (10 mg/m2/day) on days 4, 5 and 9, 10. Timed sequential chemotherapy using the topoisomerase I-inhibitor topotecan before the topoisomerase II-inhibitors, etoposide+mitoxantrone (T-EM) treatment is proposed to induce topoisomerase II protein levels and potentiate the cytotoxic activity of the topoisomerase II-directed drugs.

Cortical visual evoked potentials in very low birthweight premature infants.

Objectives: To compare the age of onset of the pattern orientation reversal visual evoked potential (OR-VEP) in a group of very low birthweight (VLBW) premature infants with term infants matched for postconceptual age at testing. The OR-VEP measure is used as an indicator of visual cortical functioning because of the specificity of cortical neurones in showing sensitivity to changes of slant or orientation.

Design: Results are given for 24 VLBW infants, born at 24-32 weeks gestation weighing less than 1500 g, and 31 infants born at term.

Comparison of autologous peripheral blood stem cell dosing by ideal vs actual body weight.

In this retrospective study, we evaluated the predictability of PBSC dose for hematopoietic engraftment comparing that calculated by ideal body weight (IBW) vs another calculated by actual body weight (ABW) for each patient. Sixty-three consecutive patients treated similarly using one transplant protocol were analyzed. While all patients had data available on CFU-GM and nucleated cells (NC), data on CD34+ enumeration was present only in 34 patients.

Successful salvage using mismatched umbilical cord blood transplant in an adult with recurrent acute myelogenous leukemia failing autologous peripheral blood progenitor cell transplant: a case history and review.

We report a 26-year-old female with AML, FAB classification M5 who was initially treated with induction therapy consisting of idarubicin and cytarabine followed by high-dose cytarabine and autologous peripheral blood progenitor cell (PBPC) transplant for consolidation. The patient remained in remission for 1 month post-PBPC transplant, when relapse was noted. Reinduction therapy with idarubicin, cytarabine and etoposide was unsuccessful, and the patient underwent an unrelated, two-antigen mismatched umbilical cord blood (UCB) transplant for salvage after melphalan plus total body irradiation.

Clinical outcomes of four patients with microdeletion in the long arm of chromosome 2.

We present clinical outcome, through several years of follow-up, of 4 mentally retarded patients, each with a small interstitial deletion in the long arm of chromosome 2, within a region on which clinical reports are infrequent. Our patient 1 was found to have del(2)(q22.3q23.

Infant emmetropization: longitudinal changes in refraction components from nine to twenty months of age.

Rapid emmetropization is described in pediatrically normal infants from 9 months of age during the following year. The infants, obtained from various categories of the Cambridge population screening program, provided a broad range of refractive errors. The large group of 254 nonanisometropic infants studied allowed the mean rate of change and dependence on the initial refraction value to be determined.

The true cost of bone marrow transplantation.

Bone marrow transplantation is an example of a highly technical therapy that offers hope to patients with bone marrow failure or various malignancies. Bone marrow transplantation is much more costly "up-front" but perhaps not more costly long-term than alternative therapies. Although economic analyses appear relatively simple, interpretation and use can be problematic.