Skeletal muscle proteins involved in fatty acid transport influence fatty acid oxidation rates observed during exercise.

Several proteins are implicated in transmembrane fatty acid transport. The purpose of this study was to quantify the variation in fatty acid oxidation rates during exercise explained by skeletal muscle proteins involved in fatty acid transport. Seventeen endurance-trained males underwent a (i) fasted, incremental cycling test to estimate peak whole-body fatty acid oxidation rate (PFO), (ii) resting vastus lateralis microbiopsy, and (iii) 2 h of fed-state, moderate-intensity cycling to estimate whole-body fatty acid oxidation during fed-state exercise (FO).

Carbohydrate intake before and during high intensity exercise with reduced muscle glycogen availability affects the speed of muscle reoxygenation and performance.

Muscle glycogen state and carbohydrate (CHO) supplementation before and during exercise may impact responses to high-intensity interval training (HIIT). This study determined cardiorespiratory, substrate metabolism, muscle oxygenation, and performance when completing HIIT with or without CHO supplementation in a muscle glycogen depleted state. On two occasions, in a cross-over design, eight male cyclists performed a glycogen depletion protocol prior to HIIT during which either a 6% CHO drink (60 g.

Converting avocado seeds into a ready to eat snack and analysing for persin and amygdalin.

Avocado seeds account for 13% of the waste from industrial production of cold-pressed avocado oil (CPAO). Therefore, the aim of this study was to valorise avocado seeds by converting it into an extruded snack product using a friction cooker and comparing their textural and physical characteristics to extruded brown rice and malted barley ready to eat (RTE) snacks. Concentration of toxins; amygdalin and persin were compared in extruded avocado seed and fresh avocado seeds.

Peak fat oxidation is positively associated with vastus lateralis CD36 content, fed-state exercise fat oxidation, and endurance performance in trained males.

Purpose: Whole-body fat oxidation during exercise can be measured non-invasively during athlete profiling. Gaps in understanding exist in the relationships between fat oxidation during incremental fasted exercise and skeletal muscle parameters, endurance performance, and fat oxidation during prolonged fed-state exercise.

Methods: Seventeen endurance-trained males underwent a (i) fasted, incremental cycling test to assess peak whole-body fat oxidation (PFO), (ii) resting vastus lateralis microbiopsy, and (iii) 30-min maximal-effort cycling time-trial preceded by 2-h of fed-state moderate-intensity cycling to assess endurance performance and fed-state metabolism on separate occasions within one week.

Temperate performance and metabolic adaptations following endurance training performed under environmental heat stress.

Endurance athletes are frequently exposed to environmental heat stress during training. We investigated whether exposure to 33°C during training would improve endurance performance in temperate conditions and stimulate mitochondrial adaptations. Seventeen endurance-trained males were randomly assigned to perform a 3-week training intervention in 18°C (TEMP) or 33°C (HEAT).

Optimising the Spray Drying of Avocado Wastewater and Use of the Powder as a Food Preservative for Preventing Lipid Peroxidation.

Avocado wastewater (AWW) is the largest by-product of cold pressed avocado oil. The aim of this study was to valorise AWW by converting it into spray dried powder for use as a lipid peroxidation inhibiting food preservative. To increase the powder yield of AWW, addition of carriers and spray drying parameters (temperature and feed flow rate) were optimised.

Converting industrial organic waste from the cold-pressed avocado oil production line into a potential food preservative.

The production of commercial cold pressed avocado oil (CPAO) generates large quantity of organic wastes such as pomace, seeds, peels and wastewater. During the early harvest season, for every 1000 kg of avocado fruits processed, roughly 80 kg of oil is produced and wastewater accounted for the highest proportion (500 kg). Therefore, it is important to find an alternative application for this wastewater rather than its direct disposal into landfills.

Organisational culture: the hidden operand in clinical laboratories.

Purpose: The purpose of this paper is to present organisational cultural determinants that can influence total quality management (TQM) in clinical laboratories.

Design/methodology/approach: This is a viewpoint paper using evidence provided by a literature research about cultural patterns using Competing Values Framework to explain the relationship between organisational culture and TQM.

Findings: Cultural aspects likely to enhance creativity and innovation are considered as incentives in promoting cultural transformation.

First complete genome sequence of vanilla mosaic strain of Dasheen mosaic virus isolated from the Cook Islands.

We present the first complete genome of vanilla mosaic virus (VanMV). The VanMV genomic structure is consistent with that of a potyvirus, containing a single open reading frame (ORF) encoding a polyprotein of 3139 amino acids. Motif analyses indicate the polyprotein can be cleaved into the expected ten individual proteins; other recognised potyvirus motifs are also present.

Diversity and evolutionary history of lettuce necrotic yellows virus in Australia and New Zealand.

Lettuce necrotic yellows virus (LNYV) is the type member of the genus Cytorhabdovirus, family Rhabdoviridae, and causes a severe disease of lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.). This virus has been described as endemic to Australia and New Zealand, with sporadic reports of a similar virus in Europe.